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Android这个词已强占我们的眼球有一段时间了。在此之前,提到Android,没人会和移动互联网以及Google这两个当今最火辣的词联系起来。然而,自从Google推出自己的移动操作系统Android以来,Android、Google和移动互联网就好像10年前的Windows、微软和PC操作系统一样,成为了当今最吸引眼球的组合。
说到Android,现在一点都不会引起歧义,她就是Google最值得骄傲的移动操作系统。虽然Android并不是第一个智能手机操作系统,当然,也不会是最后一个智能手机操作系统。但她却仅在出生不到两年时间里成为了有望超越一切的移动操作系统。甚至在美国2010年第2季度的Android手机销量已经超越被认为是销售之王的IPhone。成为了当今销量增长最快的系统。取得这些成绩,当然,Android取得今天这些成绩除了出身名门外,还有就是Android的免费开源。任何人、任何组织都可以免费使用Android,而无需付给Google一分钱。由于这些好处,使用支持Android的手机厂商越来越多。甚至被誉为“山寨之王”的联发科也在研制支持Android的芯片,如果成功,Android手机的价格有望降到1000元以下,如果大多数Android手机真到了这个价格,那将会成为Android的另一个杀手锏。
Android除了其客观的优势外,主要面向移动互联网也是Android成功的一个主要因素。大笔者写作本文时,Android的最新版本是2.2。经过试用,感觉Android 2.2的浏览器速度较以前的版本有了非常大的提高,Android 2.2的浏览器被称为世界上最快的移动浏览顺口 。在Android 2.2中还加入了新的Just-In-Time(JIT)技术,使用在Android 2.2中运行的程序的运行速度较以前的版本快了2.5倍。
Android 的浏览器速度的提升也会为我们的应用程序提供更多的选择 . 传统的 Android 应用程序的 UI 都由 Android 组件来实现。而我们有了更快的浏览器,可以将在 PC 领域风起云涌的 AJAX 与移动浏览器结合来向用户展现更绚丽的界面。说起 AJAX ,可能从事 Web 开发的程序员并不会陌生。在最近几年国内外也出现了很多流行的 AJAX 框架。其中 Ext JS 就是其中的佼佼者。 Ext JS 主要用于设计 Web 界面,其中大量使用了 JavaScript 和 Ext JS 技术,但使用起来却很容易。例如, Ext JS 可以很容易地模拟 Windows XP 的界面,当然,这个界面是基于 Web 的。在《人人都玩开心网: Ext JS + Android + SSH 整合开发 web 与移动 SNS 》一书中通篇来完成一个利用 Ext JS 技术实现的 SNS 系统,界面就模仿了 Windows XP 的风格,见图 1 所示。<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> <meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"> <meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 12"> <meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 12"> <link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CADMINI%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml"> <link rel="themeData" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CADMINI%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_themedata.thmx"> <link rel="colorSchemeMapping" 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Ext JS 的 Web 程序要比传统的 Web 程序绚丽得多。既然 PC 可以如此,那么手机为什么不呢?经过笔者的测试, Ext JS 也同样可以在 Android 内嵌的手机浏览器中使用,让我们看看如图 2 所示的实际效果。
如果本文的读者是开发人员,那么就需要使用Android SDK的WebView组件来显示我们需要的内容。在《人人都玩开心网:Ext JS + Android + SSH整合开发web与移动SNS》一书中除了提供了提供了一个完整的基于Web版的SNS,还开发了一个基于Android的SNS。在这个Android版的SNS中,利用了WebView组件来显示服务端返回的HTML格式的内容。当然,如果读者也可以向其中嵌入AJAX、Ext JS等高级特性。
Android的WebView固然强大,不过很多时候还要依赖于Android组件。这些组件的常规的使用方法这里就不必说了,而在这些组件中还有很多比较有趣的使用方法。例如,使用过QQ for Android的开发人员可能会发现,在输入聊天记录时,可以直接将表情图像放到EditText组件中(如图3所示)。也许会多初学者会感觉实现这个功能比较困难,但实际上实现这个功能再简单不过了。
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="ProgId" content="Word.Document"><meta name="Generator" content="Microsoft Word 12"><meta name="Originator" content="Microsoft Word 12"><link rel="File-List" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CADMINI%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_filelist.xml"><link rel="themeData" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CADMINI%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_themedata.thmx"><link rel="colorSchemeMapping" href="file:///C:%5CUsers%5CADMINI%7E1%5CAppData%5CLocal%5CTemp%5Cmsohtmlclip1%5C01%5Cclip_colorschememapping.xml"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:DoNotShowRevisions/> <w:DoNotPrintRevisions/> <w:DoNotShowMarkup/> <w:DoNotShowComments/> <w:DoNotShowInsertionsAndDeletions/> <w:DoNotShowPropertyChanges/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:DrawingGridVerticalSpacing>7.8 磅</w:DrawingGridVerticalSpacing> 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<m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math" /> <m:brkBin m:val="before" /> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--" /> <m:smallFrac m:val="off" /> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0" /> <m:rMargin m:val="0" /> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup" /> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440" /> <m:intLim m:val="subSup" /> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr" /> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles deflockedstate="false" defunhidewhenused="true" defsemihidden="true" defqformat="false" defpriority="99" latentstylecount="267"> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="0" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Normal" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="0" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="heading 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="0" qformat="true" name="heading 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 7" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 8" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="9" qformat="true" name="heading 9" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 7" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 8" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="39" name="toc 9" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="35" qformat="true" name="caption" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="10" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Title" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="1" name="Default Paragraph Font" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="11" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Subtitle" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="22" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Strong" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="20" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Emphasis" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="59" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Table Grid" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Placeholder Text" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="1" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="No Spacing" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Revision" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="34" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="List Paragraph" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="29" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Quote" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="30" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Intense Quote" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 1" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 2" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 3" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 4" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 5" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="60" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Shading Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="61" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light List Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="62" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Light Grid Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="63" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="64" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="65" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 1 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="66" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium List 2 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="67" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="68" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="69" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="70" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Dark List Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="71" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Shading Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="72" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful List Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="73" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" name="Colorful Grid Accent 6" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="19" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Subtle Emphasis" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="21" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Intense Emphasis" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="31" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Subtle Reference" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="32" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Intense Reference" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="33" semihidden="false" unhidewhenused="false" qformat="true" name="Book Title" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="37" name="Bibliography" /> <w:LsdException locked="false" priority="39" qformat="true" name="TOC Heading" /> </w:LatentStyles> </xml><![endif]--><style> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:宋体; panose-1:2 1 6 0 3 1 1 1 1 1; mso-font-alt:SimSun; mso-font-charset:134; 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mso-fareast-font-family:宋体; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;} .MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; font-size:10.0pt; mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size:10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family:宋体; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-font-kerning:0pt;} /* Page Definitions */ @page {mso-page-border-surround-header:no; mso-page-border-surround-footer:no;} @page WordSection1 {size:612.0pt 792.0pt; margin:72.0pt 90.0pt 72.0pt 90.0pt; mso-header-margin:36.0pt; mso-footer-margin:36.0pt; mso-paper-source:0;} div.WordSection1 {page:WordSection1;} --> </style><!--[if gte mso 10]> <style> /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:普通表格; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:宋体; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;} </style> <![endif]--> 我们一般通过EditText的setText方法来设置EditText中的文本,例如如下的代码向EditText添加了一个字符串。
<!--[endif]-->
Edittext.setText(“测试数据”);
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