前几天做的实验,基于时间点的恢复以及基于position的恢复有同样的问题,就是需要手动一个一个的应用所有binlog(除非 自己开发一个程序自动应用binlog) ,并且恢复到全备状态需要比较长的时间,并且有可能要停止服务一段时间。
如果有一个延时复制的备库,在备库执行有害语句之前就发现问题的话,那么基于时间点恢复就更快更容易了,而且是不需要停止主库的服务,只需要要slave库恢复完后主从切换就可以了。
下面做一个实验:
1.开启slave复制延时
Mysql (需5.6以上版本)延迟复制配置,通过设置Slave上的MASTER TO MASTER_DELAY参数实现:
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_DELAY = N;
N为多少秒,该语句设置从数据库延时N秒后,再与主数据库进行数据同步复制
设置slave延时600秒
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> change master to master_delay=600;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.17.61.131
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000037
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_File: slave_relay_bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000037
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
。。。
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_Space: 527
。。。
Master_Server_Id: 10000
Master_UUID: 8d8746fb-2cc6-11e8-b1b6-000c295c63e0
Master_Info_File: /u01/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 600
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
。。。
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
2.在master上做一些变更操作:
mysql> insert into t1 values(1,'A',11,1);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into t1 values(2,'B',22,2);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.07 sec)
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+------+----+
| c1 | c2 | c5 | c6 |
+------+------+------+----+
| 1 | A | 11 | 1 |
| 2 | B | 22 | 2 |
+------+------+------+----+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3.在master执行一个有害的sql,误删除表T1
mysql> drop table t1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
4.在slave查看同步的状态:
mysql> mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.17.61.131
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000037
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 864
Relay_Log_File: slave_relay_bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 320
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000037
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
。。。
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 154
Relay_Log_Space: 1237
Until_Condition: None
。。。
Master_Server_Id: 10000
Master_UUID: 8d8746fb-2cc6-11e8-b1b6-000c295c63e0
Master_Info_File: /u01/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 600
SQL_Remaining_Delay: 522
Slave_SQL_Running_State: Waiting until MASTER_DELAY seconds after master executed event
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
。。。
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Slave_SQL_Running_State正在等待MASTER_DELAY所设置的时间到达后再同步。
mysql> use l5m;
Database changed
mysql> select * from t1;
Empty set (0.10 sec)
变更的数据自然还没有被同步,暂时停掉slave的同步。
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
此时master数据库是不受影响的,如果在master做些操作,看最后能不能slave仅仅是跳过了drop操作,能恢复对t2的操作。
mysql> insert into t2 values(1,'abc',22,33);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from t2;
+------+------+------+----+
| c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |
+------+------+------+----+
| 1 | abc | 22 | 33 |
+------+------+------+----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
5.查看master库drop操作的position:
[root@qht131 mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysql_bin.000037 | grep -n 'DROP'
73:DROP TABLE `t1` /* generated by server */
[root@qht131 mysql]# mysqlbinlog mysql_bin.000037 | sed -n '60,80p'
nm3YWhMQJwAAMQAAAF0CAAAAAGwAAAAAAAEAA2w1bQACdDEABAMPAwMCHgAHA2kBiA==
nm3YWh4QJwAAMgAAAI8CAAAAAGwAAAAAAAEAAgAE//ACAAAAAUIWAAAAAgAAAMVZ2os=
'/*!*/;
# at 655
#180419 18:21:18 server id 10000 end_log_pos 686 CRC32 0x19ac01c9 Xid = 33
COMMIT/*!*/;
# at 686
#180419 18:22:11 server id 10000 end_log_pos 751 CRC32 0x04591b0c Anonymous_GTID last_committed=2 sequence_number=3 rbr_only=no
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'/*!*/;
# at 751
#180419 18:22:11 server id 10000 end_log_pos 864 CRC32 0xc587394c Query thread_id=4 exec_time=0 error_code=0
use `l5m`/*!*/;
SET TIMESTAMP=1524133331/*!*/;
DROP TABLE `t1` /* generated by server */
/*!*/;
SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'AUTOMATIC' /* added by mysqlbinlog */ /*!*/;
DELIMITER ;
# End of log file
/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
/*!50530 SET @@SESSION.PSEUDO_SLAVE_MODE=0*/;
通过mysqlbinlog查看,drop操作发生在mysql_bin.000037的#751,#751之前的事务是#686
6.在slave上使用start slave until来同步drop之前的事务
mysql> start slave until master_log_file='mysql_bin.000037',master_log_pos=686;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
mysql> use l5m
Database changed
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+------+----+
| c1 | c2 | c5 | c6 |
+------+------+------+----+
| 1 | A | 11 | 1 |
| 2 | B | 22 | 2 |
+------+------+------+----+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.17.61.131
Master_User: repl
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000037
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 864
Relay_Log_File: slave_relay_bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 852
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql_bin.000037
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: No
。。。
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 686
Relay_Log_Space: 1610
Until_Condition: Master
Until_Log_File: mysql_bin.000037
Until_Log_Pos: 686
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
。。。
Master_Server_Id: 10000
Master_UUID: 8d8746fb-2cc6-11e8-b1b6-000c295c63e0
Master_Info_File: /u01/mysql/master.info
SQL_Delay: 600
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
。。。
7.设置sql_slave_skip_counter=1来调过有害的语句,之后重新打开slave复制
mysql> set global sql_slave_skip_counter=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> change master to master_delay=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
重新打开slave之前需要先将master_delay设置为0来立即同步所有的操作(当然如果不至一条有害的sql需要过滤,则还不能立即同步后面所有的binlog)。
slave库的t1表drop之前的数据都完好无损,并且drop之后的操作也都同步了过来。
mysql> use l5m;
Database changed
mysql> select * from t1;
+------+------+------+----+
| c1 | c2 | c5 | c6 |
+------+------+------+----+
| 1 | A | 11 | 1 |
| 2 | B | 22 | 2 |
+------+------+------+----+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from t2;
+------+------+------+----+
| c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 |
+------+------+------+----+
| 1 | abc | 22 | 33 |
+------+------+------+----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
8.最后需要做的就是主从的切换操作,这样就实现了不停机操作对有害sql的恢复。
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作者:zuozhiji
来源:CSDN
原文:https://blog.csdn.net/jolly10/article/details/80000830
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