Java 单列模式的三种常见写法

前言：

单例模式是设计模式中最简单的模式。关于单例模式的优点这里也不再赘述。重点看一下懒汉模式，饿汉模式以及静态内部类模式的一个具体应用。这里每个单例模式都有一个静态方法来计算矩形的面积。

一：懒汉模式

/**
 * Note: This is a lazy mode for Single Pattern.
 * @author mcry416
 *
 */
public class CaculateRectangleAreaLazy {

	// In inner to create an instance.
	private static CaculateRectangleAreaLazy instance = null;
	
	// Private constructor. Can not visit it from outside.
	private CaculateRectangleAreaLazy(){
		
	}
	
	// Provide a public static method to visit for outside.
	public static CaculateRectangleAreaLazy getInstance(){
		if(instance == null){
			return new CaculateRectangleAreaLazy();
		}
		return new CaculateRectangleAreaLazy();
	}
	
	// Caculate the rectangle's area.
	public static void getRectangleArea(int x, int y){
		System.out.println("Rectangle Area is: " + (x * y));
	}

}

说明：这里的懒汉模式是指当使用时才去实例化，系时间换空间的思想。

二：饿汉模式

public class CaculateRectangleAreaHunger {
	
	// Create an instance directly.
	private static CaculateRectangleAreaHunger instance = new CaculateRectangleAreaHunger();
	
	// Private constructor. Can not visit it from outside.
	private CaculateRectangleAreaHunger(){
		
	}
	
	// Return an instance directly.
	public static CaculateRectangleAreaHunger getInstance(){
		return instance;
	}
	
	public static void getRectangleArea(int x, int y){
		System.out.println("Rectangle Area is: " + (x * y));
	}
}

说明：这里的饿汉模式是指调用时即实例化，系空间换时间的思想。

三：静态内部类模式

public class CaculateRectangleAreaHolder {
	
	private static class InnerHolder{
		private static CaculateRectangleAreaHolder instance = new CaculateRectangleAreaHolder();
	}
	
	private CaculateRectangleAreaHolder(){
		
	}
	
	public static CaculateRectangleAreaHolder getInstance(){
		return InnerHolder.instance;
	}
	
	// Caculate the rectangle's area.
	public static void getRectangleArea(int x, int y){
		System.out.println("Rectangle Area is: " + (x * y));
	}

}

说明：这里采用静态内部类，通过JVM来确保其为线程安全类型。