python minidom 写xml示例

以下是一个通过minidom模块写文件的完整示例，是在最近做的项目Walle上面用到的,这个示例的目的是生成一个如下的格式的xml，文件格式为无BOM utf-8。

生成xml文件格式：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <coverages> <coverage> <Type>total</Type> <Name></Name> <TotalLine>58455</TotalLine> <EffectiveLine>16623</EffectiveLine> <CoveredLine>11368</CoveredLine> <CoverRate>68.38717</CoverRate> </coverage> <coverage> <Type>total</Type> <Name>/哈哈/哈哈</Name> <TotalLine>123</TotalLine> <EffectiveLine>28</EffectiveLine> <CoveredLine>16</CoveredLine> <CoverRate>57.14286</CoverRate> </coverage> </coverages> 

源代码如下：

#-*- coding:utf-8 -*- import os import codecs import traceback import xml.dom.minidom as minidom def covert_to_unicode(msg): '''将转入的编码转换为unicode，只接受utf-8和unicode编码''' __re_str = None if isinstance(msg, unicode): __re_str = msg elif isinstance(msg, str): try: __re_str = msg.decode('utf-8') except Exception, errinfo: raise Exception, '%s,%s' % (errinfo, str(msg)) else: raise Exception, '%s 必须为str或unicode类型' % msg return __re_str class CreateCovXml(): def __init__(self, cov_xml_path): self.__cov_path = cov_xml_path self.__dom = None self.__root = None def _covert_code(self, msg): return covert_to_unicode(msg) def __create_new_node(self, node_name, node_text = None): '''为xml文件添加一个结点,其中node_text可以为空''' if self.__dom == None: raise Exception, '创建结点时，document对象还不存在' # 创建的是结点只有结点名 if None == node_text: return self.__dom.createElement(self._covert_code(node_name)) else: newNode = self.__dom.createElement(self._covert_code(node_name)) newText = self.__dom.createTextNode(self._covert_code(node_text)) newNode.appendChild(newText) return newNode def begin_cov(self): '''begin_cov(self) --> None 创建coverage.xml文档和根结点''' try: impl = minidom.getDOMImplementation() self.__dom = impl.createDocument(None, u'coverages', None) self.__root = self.__dom.documentElement except: traceback.print_exc() raise Exception, '创建coverage xml根结点失败' def add_cov(self, type, name, total_line, effective_line, covered_line, cover_rate): if self.__root == None: raise Exception, '创建结点时，root结点不存在对象不存不存在' type_node = self.__create_new_node("Type", type) name_node = self.__create_new_node("Name", name) total_line_node = self.__create_new_node("TotalLine", total_line) effective_line_node = self.__create_new_node("EffectiveLine", effective_line) covered_line_node = self.__create_new_node("CoveredLine", covered_line) cover_line_node = self.__create_new_node("CoverRate", cover_rate) new_coverage_node = self.__create_new_node("coverage") new_coverage_node.appendChild(type_node) new_coverage_node.appendChild(name_node) new_coverage_node.appendChild(total_line_node) new_coverage_node.appendChild(effective_line_node) new_coverage_node.appendChild(covered_line_node) new_coverage_node.appendChild(cover_line_node) self.__root.appendChild(new_coverage_node) def end_cov(self): try: f = open(self.__cov_path, 'wb') writer = codecs.lookup('utf-8')[3](f) self.__dom.writexml(writer, encoding='utf-8') writer.close() f.close() return True except Exception, err: traceback.print_exc() raise Exception, '写coverage.xml文件出错' if __name__ == '__main__': test = CreateCovXml('cov.xml') test.begin_cov() test.add_cov( type = 'total', name = '', total_line = '58455', effective_line = '16623', covered_line = '11368', cover_rate = '68.38717' ) test.add_cov( type = 'total', name = r'/哈哈/哈哈', total_line = '123', effective_line = '28', covered_line = '16', cover_rate = '57.14286' ) test.end_cov() print 'endl' 

说明：

covert_to_unicode是一个编码转换函数，将传入的字符串，转成unicode,如果转换失败，给出异常

这么做主要是为了解决编码问题，详情见 一种解决python乱码问题的方案

CreateCovXml类：是一个生成本文中指定xml格式的辅助类，它的函数说明如下：

   __create_new_node():创建一个新的xml结点

   begin_cov():初始化xml document对象和创建根结点

   add_case():添加一个coverage结点

   end_cov():将文件写成utf-8格式的 xml文件

 

   关于minidom使用的注意事项可参考 python minidom 注意事项