copy那点事儿

最新推荐文章于 2020-12-27 12:14:54 发布

kiss20

最新推荐文章于 2020-12-27 12:14:54 发布

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Copy的简单使用

copy 的效果

<code class="hljs  has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">对源对象进行拷贝，建立出新的副本，彼此修改互不干扰！</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

###OC中copy的方法

copy–>建立对象的副本

如果对象有可变/不可变版本的区别，copy方法，只能拷贝出不可变的版本
如果对象没有可变/不可变的区别，copy方法就是建立一个副本

mutableCopy
* 建立对象的可变副本(如果对象有”可变/不可变”版本的区别，才需要使用此方法)

###副本的特点
彼此的内容一样，具有相同的方法

可变版本对象的copy

<code class="language-objc hljs scala has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** 可变版本对象的copy
    对于可变对象的copy/mutableCopy都是深拷贝
 */</span>
- (void)copyDemo1 {
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// arrayM本身为可变对象</span>
    NSMutableArray *arrayM = [NSMutableArray array];
    NSLog(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"源对象\t\t%@\t内存地址%p"</span>, arrayM.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span>, arrayM);

    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// copy ---> 不可变 地址变化 新的对象</span>
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 无论是可变对象，还是不可以变对象，copy之后都会编程 不可变</span>
    id a = [arrayM copy];
    NSLog(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"copy后\t%@\t内存地址%p"</span>, [a <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span>], a);

    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// mutableCopy  => 可变 地址变化 新的对象，mutableCopy可以保持可变的特性</span>
    id aM = [arrayM mutableCopy];
    NSLog(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"mutableCopy后%@\t内存地址%p"</span>, [aM <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span>], aM);
}
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li></ul>

运行结果：

<code class="hljs rust has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">源对象     <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">__</span>NSArrayM  内存地址<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x7f91c2c1d940</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">copy</span>后   <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">__</span>NSArrayI  内存地址<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x7f91c2e09a00</span>
mutableCopy后<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">__</span>NSArrayM  内存地址<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x7f91c2d23660</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

不可变版本对象的copy

<code class="language-objc hljs scala has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/** 不可变版本对象的copy */</span>
- (void)copyDemo2 {
    NSArray *array = [NSArray array];
    NSLog(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"源对象%@ 内存地址%p"</span>, array.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span>, array);

    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// copy ---> 不可变 地址没有变化 引用计数+1</span>
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 对于不可变对象的copy操作，进行的浅拷贝，系统并不会为之分配内存空间，仅仅是retainCount+1</span>
    id a = [array copy];
    NSLog(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"copy后%@ 内存地址%p"</span>, [a <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span>], a);

    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// mutableCopy ---> 可变 地址变化 新的对象</span>
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 不可变的mutaleCopy的操作会变为可变对象</span>
    id aM = [array mutableCopy];
    NSLog(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"mutableCopy%@ 内存地址%p"</span>, [aM <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span>], aM);
}
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li></ul>

执行结果：

<code class="hljs rust has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"> 源对象<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">__</span>NSArrayI 内存地址<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x7fb4e07010d0</span>
 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">copy</span>后<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">__</span>NSArrayI 内存地址<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x7fb4e07010d0</span>
 mutableCopy__NSArrayM 内存地址<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0x7fb4e063daf0</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

小结：

不要随随变变给可变对象做 copy 操作

都会建立新的副本，深拷贝（只要有一个可以修改，就是深拷贝）

<code class="hljs brainfuck has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">可变</span>  <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span>> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">可变</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">可变</span>  <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span>> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">不可变</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">不可变</span> <span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span><span class="hljs-literal" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">-</span>> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">可变</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>

不会建立新的副本，只是引用计数+1，浅拷贝，指针拷贝（两个对象前后都不需要修改）

<code class="hljs fix has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box;">不可变 </span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">》 不可变</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>

Copy属性

在面向对象程序开发中，有一个非常重要的原则

####开闭原则
－开：对内开放，向怎么改，就怎么改－闭：对外封闭，只能用，不能改

定义成 copy 属性，在设置数值的时候，会默认做一次 copy 操作
- 如果设置的数值是可变的，做一次copy，会新建副本
- 如果设置的数值是不可变的，做一次copy，只是引用计数+1，不会建立新的副本！跟strong类型一致的！

建议：如果属性是 NSString，建议使用 copy 属性

注意：可变字符串一定不要使用 copy 属性

<code class="language-objc hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 头衔，如果区分可变和不可变版本，做一次copy操作得到的就是不可变的字符串！</span>
<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">@property</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">nonatomic</span>, copy) <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSMutableString</span> *title;</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

对象的类型

1> 一个对象的准确类型，是在给该对象”分配内存空间”的时候指定的类型
2> 对象的”类型”，是程序员指定该对象的类型，指定类型之后，就可以具有该对象的方法！
3> 能否使用对象的方法，取决于运行时，这个对象的类型是否真的正确！
4> 如果类型不正确会出现 -[NSObject length]: unrecognized selector

<code class="language-objc hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSMutableString</span> *strM = [<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSMutableString</span> stringWithString:@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"zhangsan"</span>];

    Person *p = [[Person alloc] init];
    p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span> = strM;

    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"%@"</span>, p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span>);  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// zhangsan</span>

    [strM setString:@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"lisi"</span>];
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"===> %@"</span>, p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span>);  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// zhangsan</span>

    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 问题：p.name的类型 NSString & NSMutableString</span>
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 答案：NSCFString --->  NSString</span>
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// NSMutableString类型的数据做了一次copy后，会变为不可变的NSString类型</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">id</span> obj = p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span>;
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"%@"</span>, [p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span> class]);  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// NSCFString</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//    [obj setString:@"wangwu"];  // 报错，不应该对NSString进行修改</span>
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"===> %@"</span>, p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span>);  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// wangwu</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li></ul>

<code class="language-objc hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">  <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSMutableString</span> *strM = [<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSMutableString</span> stringWithString:@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"zhangsan"</span>];
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSString</span> *str = @<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"haha"</span>;
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"%p"</span>, str);  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 0x10a182138</span>

    Person *p = [[Person alloc] init];
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//        p.name = strM;</span>
    p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span> = str;
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"%p"</span>, p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//0x10a182138  跟 str地址是一样滴~，p.name指向了str的空间</span>

    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"%@"</span>, p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// haha</span>

    [strM setString:@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"lisi"</span>];
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"===> %@ %@"</span>, p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span>, strM);  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// p.name 和 strM不可能一样，strM的改变不会影响到p.name</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li></ul>

<code class="language-objc hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 从网络获取到一个字符串</span>
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSMutableString</span> *strM = [<span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSMutableString</span> stringWithString:@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"BOSS"</span>];

    Person *p = [[Person alloc] init];
    p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.title</span> = strM;

    [strM setString:@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"经理"</span>];
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"===> %@ %@"</span>, p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.title</span>, strM);

    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// Attempt to mutate immutable object with setString:</span>
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 试图使用 setString: 方法修改"不可变对象"？</span>
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// setString方法，是title存在之后，修改title的内容！</span>
    [p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.title</span> setString:@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"jingli"</span>];  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 程序会崩掉，p.title为不可变对象</span>
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"!!!!> %@ %@"</span>, p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.title</span>, strM);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li></ul>

Copy的自定义对象

在很多商业级应用程序或者第三方框架，在开发时的模型通常会支持 copy

NSCache & NSMutableDictionary

<code class="hljs vbnet has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">－NSCache 的 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">key</span> strong 的
－Dict 的 <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">key</span> 是 copy 的</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>

// NSMutableDictionary *dictM = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
// dictM setObject:<#(id)#> forKey:<#(id<NSCopying>)#>

如果自定义对象要当作字典的 key，需要支持 copy!

Person.h

<code class="language-objc hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">
<span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
 要让自定义对象支持 copy，需要做两件事情

 1. 遵守 NSCopying 协议
 2. 实现 copyWithZone: 方法
 */</span>
<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@interface</span> Person : NSObject <NSCopying>
<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@property</span> (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@property</span> (nonatomic, assign) <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> age;
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul>

Person.m

<code class="language-objc hljs scala has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-javadoc" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/**
 有返回值 -》 copy 出来的新对象
 是一个对象方法 -> 将 self 建立一个副本

 zone: 空间，分配对象是需要内存空间的，如果指定了zone，就可以指定新建对象对应的内存空间
 但是：zone是一个非常古老的技术，为了避免在堆中出现内存碎片而使用的

 在今天的开发中，zone几乎可以忽略

 如果对象没有 可变/不可变 的版本区别，只要实现 copyWithZone 方法即可
 */</span>
- (id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone {
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// copy 是要建立一个新的副本，和当前的对象具有相同的内容</span>
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 1. 实例化 person 对象</span>
    Person *p = [[Person alloc] init];

    p.name = self.name;
    p.age = self.age;

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> p;
}

<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 只需要写模型的description就可以了，返回对象的描述信息，便于调试使用，类似于 java 中的 toString()</span>
- (NSString *)description {
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// JSON的格式和字典非常像</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//    @{@"name": @"zhangsan", @"age": @(19)}</span>
    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> [NSString stringWithFormat:@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<%@: %p> {name: %@, age: %d}"</span>, self.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span>, self, self.name,self.age];
}

<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 也可以输出调试信息的字符串，专门用来调试使用的</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 有的网站上的培训资料会提到这个方法，跟 description 方法非常类似！</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 但是：如果在应用程序中，使用了这个方法，应用程序无法上架！苹果会认为使用了私有API</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//- (NSString *)debugDescription {</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//}</span>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li></ul>

<code class="language-objc hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">- (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span>)viewDidLoad {
    [<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span> viewDidLoad];

    Person *p = [[Person alloc] init];
    p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span> = @<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"zhangsan"</span>;
    p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.age</span> = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">19</span>;
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"%@--- %p"</span>, p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span>, p); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// zhangsan--- 0x7fbacbf17120</span>

    Person *p1 = [p copy];
    p1<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span> = @<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"xiaofang"</span>;

    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 注意，地址不同，说明实现了自定义对象的copy</span>
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"%@--- %p"</span>, p1<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span>, p1); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// xiaofang--- 0x7fbacbe13900</span>


}
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li></ul>

子类对象的Copy

<code class="language-objc hljs scala has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">#<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Person.h"</span>

<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@interface</span> Student : Person
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 学号</span>
<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@property</span> (nonatomic, copy) NSString *no;
<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span>

```objc





<div <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"se-preview-section-delimiter"</span>></div>

#<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Student.h"</span>

<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@implementation</span> Student

- (id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone {
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 执行父类的 copy 方法，会把父类中的属性完全 copy</span>
    Student *s = [<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span> copyWithZone:zone];

    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 在子类的copy方法中，只需要给子类特有的属性进行赋值即可！</span>
    s.no = self.no;

    <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> s;
}

<span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@end</span>




<div <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"se-preview-section-delimiter"</span>></div>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li></ul>

在父类的copyWithZone方法中：
要写：

<code class="language-objc hljs applescript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;">    Person *p = [[self.<span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> alloc] init];

    p.<span class="hljs-property" style="box-sizing: border-box;">name</span> = self.<span class="hljs-property" style="box-sizing: border-box;">name</span>;
    p.age = self.age;




<<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">div</span> <span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">class</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"se-preview-section-delimiter"</span>></<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">div</span>>
</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238); top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li></ul>

不能写 Person * p = [[Person alloc] init];这么干了，只能copy出Person对象，不对子类起作用。

测试Demo

<code class="language-objc hljs objectivec has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial;"><span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 一个对象的准确类型，取决分配内存空间指定的类型</span>
    Person *p = [[Student alloc] init];
    p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span> = @<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"zhangsan"</span>;
    p<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.age</span> = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">19</span>;
    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 给对象指定的类型，决定了能够使用对象的哪些属性和方法</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//    p.no = @"001";</span>
<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//    NSLog(@"%@ %@", p, p.no);</span>
    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"%@"</span>, p); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// {name: zhangsan, age: 19}</span>

    <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// copy会执行父类的copy方法</span>
    Student *p1 = [p copy];  <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 虽然是父类的引用，但实际上copy的是子类</span>
    p1<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.name</span> = @<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"xiaofang"</span>;

    <span class="hljs-built_in" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">NSLog</span>(@<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"%@ %@"</span>, p1, p1<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">.no</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// <Student: 0x7fb0f9443150> {name: xiaofang, age: 19} (null)</span></code>

kiss20

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copy那点事儿

Copy的简单使用copy 的效果对源对象进行拷贝，建立出新的副本，彼此修改互不干扰！1###OC中copy的方法copy–>建立对象的副本如果对象有可变/不可变版本的区别，copy方法，只能拷贝出不可变的版本如果对象没有可变/不可变的区别，copy方法就是建立一个副本mutableCopy * 建立对象的可变副本(如果对象有”可变/不可变”版本的区
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