(原創) 如何将std::string转int,double? (C/C++) (C) (template)

原文地址为: (原創) 如何将std::string转int,double? (C/C++) (C) (template)

Abstract
std::string为library type,而intdouble为built-in type,两者无法利用(int)或(double)的方式互转,本文提出轉換的方式。

Introduction
使用環境:Visual C++ 9.0 / Visual Studio 2008

Method 1:
使用C的atoi()與atof()。

先利用c_str()轉成C string,再用atoi()與atof()。

string_to_double.cpp / C++

1  /*  
2  (C) OOMusou 2008 http://oomusou.cnblogs.com
3 
4  Filename    : string_to_double.cpp
5  Compiler    : Visual C++ 9.0 / Visual Studio 2008
6  Description : Demo how to convert string to int (double)
7  Release     : 08/01/2008 1.0
8  */
9 
10  #include < iostream >
11  #include < string >
12  #include < cstdlib >
13 
14  using   namespace std;
15 
16  int main() {
17    string s =   " 123 " ;
18    double n = atof(s.c_str());
19    // int n = atoi(s.c_str());
20   
21    cout << n << endl;
22  }


Method 2:
利用stringstream

这里使用functon template的方式将std::string转int、std::string转double。

stringstream_to_double.cpp / C++

1 24a924a57ba6b3f2b51fc9edb7ea4186.jpe 9310e85a14af99de4811ff4c77f1f911.jpe /**/ /* 
2(C) OOMusou 2006 http://oomusou.cnblogs.com
3
4Filename    : stringstream_to_double.cpp
5Compiler    : Visual C++ 8.0
6Description : Demo how to convert string to any type.
7Release     : 11/18/2006
8*/

9 #include < iostream >
10 #include < sstream >
11 #include < string >
12
13 template < class T >  
14 void convertFromString(T & , const std:: string   & );
15
16 24a924a57ba6b3f2b51fc9edb7ea4186.jpe9310e85a14af99de4811ff4c77f1f911.jpe int main() {
17  std::string s("123");
18
19  // Convert std::string to int
20  int i = 0;
21  convertFromString(i,s);
22  std::cout << i << std::endl;
23
24  // Convert std::string to double
25  double d = 0;
26  convertFromString(d,s);
27  std::cout << d << std::endl;
28
29  return 0;
30}

31
32 template < class T >  
33 24a924a57ba6b3f2b51fc9edb7ea4186.jpe9310e85a14af99de4811ff4c77f1f911.jpe void convertFromString(T & value, const std:: string   & s) {
34  std::stringstream ss(s);
35  ss >> value;
36}


See Also
(原創) 如何将int,double转std::string? (中级) (C++) (template C++)
(原創) 如何將int轉string? (初級) (C/C++)

Reference
Bertel Brander, Midgaard, http://home20.inet.tele.dk/midgaard/tipc20050107.html


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对于这个类,可以使用C++标准库中的序列化工具来进行序列化和反序列化。下面是一个示例代码: #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <sstream> #include <string> #include <map> #include <boost/archive/text_oarchive.hpp> #include <boost/archive/text_iarchive.hpp> class InformationUI { public: /*视角0第一视角1第三视角*/ int viewAngleEnum; /*球标图*/ int bubble; /*是否英制螺牙*/ int isEnglishSystem; /*是否添加研磨符号*/ int isLap; /*球标图大小*/ double bubbleSize; /*图纸路径*/ std::string drawSheetPath; /*客户标准*/ std::string customer; /*投影视图0主视图1右视图2前视图3左视图4后视图5正三轴*/ int view[6]; /*公共属性and属性值*/ std::map<std::string, std::string> commonAttrAndVal; /*被选中零件标记*/ std::string selLable; /*临时部件*/ static std::string tempPartName; // 序列化函数 friend class boost::serialization::access; template <class Archive> void serialize(Archive& ar, const unsigned int version) { ar & viewAngleEnum; ar & bubble; ar & isEnglishSystem; ar & isLap; ar & bubbleSize; ar & drawSheetPath; ar & customer; ar & view; ar & commonAttrAndVal; ar & selLable; ar & tempPartName; } }; std::string serialize(const InformationUI& infoUI) { std::ostringstream os; boost::archive::text_oarchive oa(os); oa << infoUI; return os.str(); } InformationUI deserialize(const std::string& str) { std::istringstream is(str); boost::archive::text_iarchive ia(is); InformationUI infoUI; ia >> infoUI; return infoUI; } int main() { InformationUI infoUI; infoUI.viewAngleEnum = 1; infoUI.bubble = 2; infoUI.isEnglishSystem = 0; infoUI.isLap = 1; infoUI.bubbleSize = 3.14; infoUI.drawSheetPath = "/path/to/drawsheet"; infoUI.customer = "customer1"; infoUI.view[0] = 0; infoUI.view[1] = 1; infoUI.view[2] = 2; infoUI.view[3] = 3; infoUI.view[4] = 4; infoUI.view[5] = 5; infoUI.commonAttrAndVal["attr1"] = "val1"; infoUI.commonAttrAndVal["attr2"] = "val2"; infoUI.selLable = "selected"; InformationUI::tempPartName = "tempPart"; std::string serialized = serialize(infoUI); std::cout << "Serialized: " << serialized << std::endl; InformationUI deserialized = deserialize(serialized); std::cout << "Deserialized:" << std::endl; std::cout << "viewAngleEnum: " << deserialized.viewAngleEnum << std::endl; std::cout << "bubble: " << deserialized.bubble << std::endl; std::cout << "isEnglishSystem: " << deserialized.isEnglishSystem << std::endl; std::cout << "isLap: " << deserialized.isLap << std::endl; std::cout << "bubbleSize: " << deserialized.bubbleSize << std::endl; std::cout << "drawSheetPath: " << deserialized.drawSheetPath << std::endl; std::cout << "customer: " << deserialized.customer << std::endl; std::cout << "view: "; for (int i = 0; i < 6; ++i) { std::cout << deserialized.view[i] << " "; } std::cout << std::endl; std::cout << "commonAttrAndVal: "; for (const auto& it : deserialized.commonAttrAndVal) { std::cout << it.first << "=" << it.second << " "; } std::cout << std::endl; std::cout << "selLable: " << deserialized.selLable << std::endl; std::cout << "tempPartName: " << InformationUI::tempPartName << std::endl; return 0; } 这里使用了boost库中的archive来进行序列化和反序列化。在序列化函数中,首先将对象os进行输出流处理,然后再将其序列化为字符串返回。在反序列化函数中,将输入流is绑定到输入字符串str上,然后将其反序列化为对象返回。在main函数中,我们创建了一个InformationUI对象,并对其成员变量进行初始化。然后使用serialize函数将其序列化为字符串,再使用deserialize函数将其反序列化为对象,并输出其成员变量的值。

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