应用间非数据库数据共享ContentProvider&MatrixCursor

之前学习Android时，照着《第一行代码》的例子敲了一边，实际开发时，需求并不是提供数据库中的数据，而是应用中的一个list或者一个String类型状态信息，当时反而不知道该如何将这些信息包装到cursor中，后面学习了MatrixCursor，解决了当时的问题，现在编写了一个例子回顾一下：

在《第一行代码》的第三章，有个关于水果的RecyclerView例子，在其基础上做点修改，之前例子显示的数据是在初始化函数中进行初始化，如下：

    public void intFruit(){
        Fruit apple = new Fruit(R.drawable.apple_pic ,"apple");
        mFruitsList.add(apple);
        Fruit banana = new Fruit(R.drawable.banana_pic ,"banana");
        mFruitsList.add(banana);
        Fruit cherry = new Fruit(R.drawable.cherry_pic ,"cherry");
        mFruitsList.add(cherry);        
    }

我们现在将该方法注掉，用另一个应用ContentProviderApplication来提供RecyclerView显示所需要的数据。以下是该应用中新建的内容提供器，使用MatrixCursor建立一个虚表，返回一个cursor，COLUM_NAME 是表的列名，一张图片、一个水果名称。fruitList.addAll(MainActivity.mFruitList);是将MainActivty中初始化的水果列表获取。

public class FruitContentProvider extends ContentProvider {
    private static final String[] COLUM_NAME = {"drawable", "name"};
    private static MatrixCursor matrixCursor;
    private static ArrayList<Fruit> fruitList = new ArrayList<Fruit>();

    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,
                        String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {
        fruitList.clear();
        fruitList.addAll(MainActivity.mFruitList);
        matrixCursor = new MatrixCursor(COLUM_NAME);
        if (fruitList.size() > 0){
            for (Fruit fruit: fruitList ) {
                matrixCursor.addRow(new Object[]{fruit.getImageId(), fruit.getFruitName()});
            }
        }
        return matrixCursor;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        return 0;
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {

        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");
    }

    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {
        // TODO: Implement this to handle requests for the MIME type of the data
        // at the given URI.
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");
    }

    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        return false;
    }

    public FruitContentProvider() {

    }
}

ContentProviderApplication中的MainActivty，在这里初始化数据，并显示一个按钮add_fruit，点击按钮会修改mFruitList列表中的内容，并通知RecyclerView进行刷新显示。

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    public static ArrayList<Fruit> mFruitList = new ArrayList<>();
    public static String authorities = "content://com.example.contentproviderapplication";
    private Button addButton;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        addButton = findViewById(R.id.add_button);
        addButton.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                addFruit();
                getContentResolver().notifyChange(Uri.parse(authorities),null);
            }
        });
        intFruit();
    }

    public void intFruit(){
        Fruit apple = new Fruit(R.drawable.apple_pic ,"apple");
        mFruitList.add(apple);
        Fruit banana = new Fruit(R.drawable.banana_pic ,"banana");
        mFruitList.add(banana);
        Fruit cherry = new Fruit(R.drawable.cherry_pic ,"cherry");
        mFruitList.add(cherry);
    }

    public void addFruit(){
        Fruit grape = new Fruit(R.drawable.grape_pic ,"grape");
        mFruitList.add(grape);
        Fruit mango = new Fruit(R.drawable.mango_pic ,"mango");
        mFruitList.add(mango);
        Fruit orange = new Fruit(R.drawable.orange_pic ,"orange");
        mFruitList.add(orange);
    }
}

下面是RecyclerViewTest项目中的核心代码：在点击ContentProviderApplication中的按钮时，注册的onChange()回调会执行，可在该函数中重新查询数据，进行刷新显示。

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements RecyclerViewItemStateListener{
    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    private ArrayList<Fruit> mFruitsList = new ArrayList<>();
    private RecyclerView mFruitRecycler;
    public static String authorities = "content://com.example.contentproviderapplication";
    private static final String[] COLUM_NAME = {"drawable", "name"};
    private Handler mHandler;
    private FruitAdapter mFruitAdapter;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        mFruitRecycler = findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
        //intFruit();
        getFruitList();
        LinearLayoutManager linearLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);
        linearLayoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL);
        mFruitRecycler.setLayoutManager(linearLayoutManager);
        mFruitAdapter = new FruitAdapter(mFruitsList);
        mFruitAdapter.setRecyclerViewItemStateListener(this);
        mFruitRecycler.setAdapter(mFruitAdapter);

        getContentResolver().registerContentObserver(Uri.parse(authorities),
                true, new ContentObserver(mHandler) {
                    @Override
                    public void onChange(boolean selfChange) {
                        super.onChange(selfChange);
                        Log.d(TAG, "onChange: ");
                        getFruitList();
                        mFruitAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
                    }
                });
    }

    public void getFruitList(){
        mFruitsList.clear();
        Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(Uri.parse(authorities),COLUM_NAME,
                null,null);
        if(cursor != null){
            while (cursor.moveToNext()){
                int drawable = cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(COLUM_NAME[0]));
                String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(COLUM_NAME[1]));
                Fruit fruit = new Fruit(drawable, name);
                mFruitsList.add(fruit);
            }
        }
    }

    public void intFruit(){
        Fruit apple = new Fruit(R.drawable.apple_pic ,"apple");
        mFruitsList.add(apple);
        Fruit banana = new Fruit(R.drawable.banana_pic ,"banana");
        mFruitsList.add(banana);
        Fruit cherry = new Fruit(R.drawable.cherry_pic ,"cherry");
        mFruitsList.add(cherry);        
    }

    @Override
    public void onItemClicked(RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, View view, int position) {
        Toast.makeText(this, "clicked the item", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }
}

例子写的很简单（水平有限），目的就是再熟悉下ContentProvider和MatrixCursor的用法。

参考链接：https://blog.csdn.net/yelangjueqi/article/details/21232659