基于Django+CouchDB组合实现翻页功能

先看这里：

http://blog.csdn.net/kunshan_shenbin/article/details/7687134

http://tonylandis.com/pylons/couchdb/couchdbkit/python/html-pagination-for-couchdbkit/

Django有很多的可选翻页组件，可惜否是基于关系型数据库的。

以下代码基于Django/CouchDBKit

http://blog.csdn.net/kunshan_shenbin/article/details/7671066

在greeting目录下新建paginator.py，代码如下(改写了Django自带的翻页组件)

from math import ceil

class InvalidPage(Exception):
    pass

class PageNotAnInteger(InvalidPage):
    pass

class EmptyPage(InvalidPage):
    pass

class Paginator(object):
    def __init__(self, object_list, per_page, total_rows, orphans=0, allow_empty_first_page=True):
        self.object_list = object_list
        self.per_page = int(per_page)
        self.orphans = int(orphans)
        self.allow_empty_first_page = allow_empty_first_page
        self._num_pages = self._count = None
        self.total_rows = int(total_rows)

    def validate_number(self, number):
        "Validates the given 1-based page number."
        try:
            number = int(number)
        except (TypeError, ValueError):
            raise PageNotAnInteger('That page number is not an integer')
        if number < 1:
            raise EmptyPage('That page number is less than 1')
        if number > self.num_pages:
            if number == 1 and self.allow_empty_first_page:
                pass
            else:
                raise EmptyPage('That page contains no results')
        return number

    def page(self, number):
        "Returns a Page object for the given 1-based page number."
        number = self.validate_number(number)
        '''
        bottom = (number - 1) * self.per_page
        top = bottom + self.per_page
        if top + self.orphans >= self.count:
            top = self.count
        return Page(self.object_list[bottom:top], number, self)
        '''
        return Page(self.object_list, number, self)

    def _get_count(self):
        "Returns the total number of objects, across all pages."
        if self._count is None:
            try:
                self._count = self.total_rows
            except (AttributeError, TypeError):
                # AttributeError if object_list has no count() method.
                # TypeError if object_list.count() requires arguments
                # (i.e. is of type list).
                self._count = len(self.object_list)
        return self._count
    count = property(_get_count)

    def _get_num_pages(self):
        "Returns the total number of pages."
        if self._num_pages is None:
            if self.count == 0 and not self.allow_empty_first_page:
                self._num_pages = 0
            else:
                hits = max(1, self.count - self.orphans)
                self._num_pages = int(ceil(hits / float(self.per_page)))
        return self._num_pages
    num_pages = property(_get_num_pages)

    def _get_page_range(self):
        """
        Returns a 1-based range of pages for iterating through within
        a template for loop.
        """
        return range(1, self.num_pages + 1)
    page_range = property(_get_page_range)

QuerySetPaginator = Paginator # For backwards-compatibility.

class Page(object):
    def __init__(self, object_list, number, paginator):
        self.object_list = object_list
        self.number = number
        self.paginator = paginator

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<Page %s of %s>' % (self.number, self.paginator.num_pages)

    def __len__(self):
        return self.total_rows

    def __getitem__(self, index):
        # The object_list is converted to a list so that if it was a QuerySet
        # it won't be a database hit per __getitem__.
        return list(self.object_list)[index]

    # The following four methods are only necessary for Python <2.6
    # compatibility (this class could just extend 2.6's collections.Sequence).

    def __iter__(self):
        i = 0
        try:
            while True:
                v = self[i]
                yield v
                i += 1
        except IndexError:
            return

    def __contains__(self, value):
        for v in self:
            if v == value:
                return True
        return False

    def index(self, value):
        for i, v in enumerate(self):
            if v == value:
                return i
        raise ValueError

    def count(self, value):
        return sum([1 for v in self if v == value])

    # End of compatibility methods.

    def has_next(self):
        return self.number < self.paginator.num_pages

    def has_previous(self):
        return self.number > 1

    def has_other_pages(self):
        return self.has_previous() or self.has_next()

    def next_page_number(self):
        return self.number + 1

    def previous_page_number(self):
        return self.number - 1

    def start_index(self):
        """
        Returns the 1-based index of the first object on this page,
        relative to total objects in the paginator.
        """
        # Special case, return zero if no items.
        if self.paginator.count == 0:
            return 0
        return (self.paginator.per_page * (self.number - 1)) + 1

    def end_index(self):
        """
        Returns the 1-based index of the last object on this page,
        relative to total objects found (hits).
        """
        # Special case for the last page because there can be orphans.
        if self.number == self.paginator.num_pages:
            return self.paginator.count
        return self.number * self.paginator.per_page

修改views.py

from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_protect
from django.shortcuts import render_to_response as render
from django.template import RequestContext

from couchdbkit.ext.django.forms import DocumentForm
from greeting.models import Greeting

from greeting.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger

class GreetingForm(DocumentForm):
    
    class Meta:
        document = Greeting

@csrf_protect
def home(request):
    
    greet = None
    
    if request.POST:
        form = GreetingForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            greet = form.save()
    else:
        form = GreetingForm()

    limit = 5
    page = request.GET.get('page')
    if page == None: page = 1
    skip = (int(page) - 1) * limit
    
    greetings = Greeting.view('greeting/all', descending=False, skip=skip, limit=limit)
    
    total_rows = Greeting.view('greeting/all', limit=0).total_rows
    p = Paginator(greetings, limit, total_rows)
    try:
        paginator = p.page(page)
    except PageNotAnInteger:
        paginator = p.page(1)
    except EmptyPage:
        paginator = p.page(1)

    return render("home.html", {
        "form": form,
        "greet": greet,
        "greetings": greetings,
        "paginator": paginator,
    }, context_instance=RequestContext(request))

修改template文件home.html

{% extends "base.html" %}
{% load i18n %}
{% block content %}
    <form method="post">
    	{% csrf_token %}
        <table>
        {{ form.as_table }}
        </table>
        <input type="submit" id="submit" value="submit">
    </form>
    
    {% if greet %}
    {{ greet.get_id }} was added
    {% endif %}
    
    <h2>Greetings</h2>

    <table>
    {% for g in greetings %}
        <tr>
        	<td>{{ g.id }} </td>
            <td>{{ g.date }} </td>
            <td>{{ g.author }} </td>
            <td>{{ g.content }}</td>
        </tr>
    {% endfor %}
    </table>
    
    <div class="pagination">
    <span class="step-links">
        {% if paginator.has_previous %}
            <a href="?page={{ paginator.previous_page_number }}">previous</a>
        {% endif %}

        <span class="current">
            Page {{ paginator.number }} of {{ paginator.paginator.num_pages }}.
        </span>
        
        {% if paginator.has_next %}
            <a href="?page={{ paginator.next_page_number }}">next</a>
        {% endif %}
    </span>
	</div>
    
{% endblock content %}

原理：使用limit和skip参数来限制每次查询取得的行数。

可惜的是这个方法在CouchDB官方不被推荐，原因是skip永远都是从记录的第一行开始进行偏移取值，当skip数字很大时会影响性能。

http://guide.couchdb.org/editions/1/en/recipes.html

当然上文中也讲述了一个推荐的方案，看着有点别扭，等下次有空的时候再把细节阐述一下了。