在C#中，Json的序列化和反序列化的几种方式总结

我们先来看看使用 DataContractJsonSerializer的情况

DataContractJsonSerializer类帮助我们序列化和反序列化Json，他在程序集 System.Runtime.Serialization.dll下的System.Runtime.Serialization.Json命名空间里。

 

首先，这里，我新建一个控制台的程序，新建一个类Student

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;

namespace JsonSerializerAndDeSerializer
{
    [DataContract]
   public class Student
    {
        [DataMember]
       public int ID { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
       public string Name { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
       public int Age { get; set; }

        [DataMember]
       public string Sex { get; set; }
    }
}

注意：上面的Student实体中的契约 [DataMember]，[DataContract]，是使用DataContractJsonSerializer序列化和反序列化必须要加的，对于其他两种方式不必加，也可以的。

我们程序的代码：

要先引用程序集，在引入这个命名空间

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//使用DataContractJsonSerializer方式需要引入的命名空间，在System.Runtime.Serialization.dll.中
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Json;
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#region 1.DataContractJsonSerializer方式序列化和反序列化
            Student stu = new Student()
             {
                 ID = 1,
                 Name = "曹操",
                 Sex = "男",
                 Age = 1000
             };
            //序列化
            DataContractJsonSerializer js = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(Student));
            MemoryStream msObj = new MemoryStream();
            //将序列化之后的Json格式数据写入流中
            js.WriteObject(msObj, stu);
            msObj.Position = 0;
            //从0这个位置开始读取流中的数据
            StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(msObj, Encoding.UTF8);
            string json = sr.ReadToEnd();
            sr.Close();
            msObj.Close();
            Console.WriteLine(json);


            //反序列化
            string toDes = json;
            //string to = "{\"ID\":\"1\",\"Name\":\"曹操\",\"Sex\":\"男\",\"Age\":\"1230\"}";
            using (var ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(toDes)))
            {
                DataContractJsonSerializer deseralizer = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(Student));
                Student model = (Student)deseralizer.ReadObject(ms);// //反序列化ReadObject
                Console.WriteLine("ID=" + model.ID);
                Console.WriteLine("Name=" + model.Name);
                Console.WriteLine("Age=" + model.Age);
                Console.WriteLine("Sex=" + model.Sex);
            }
            Console.ReadKey(); 
            #endregion

运行之后结果是：

再看看使用JavaScriptJsonSerializer的情况：

JavaScriptSerializer is a class which helps to serialize and deserialize JSON. It is present in namespace System.Web.Script.Serialization which is available in assembly System.Web.Extensions.dll. To serialize a .Net object to JSON string use Serialize method. It's possible to deserialize JSON string to .Net object using Deserialize<T> or DeserializeObject methods. Let's see how to implement serialization and deserialization using JavaScriptSerializer.

这里要先引用

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//使用JavaScriptSerializer方式需要引入的命名空间，这个在程序集System.Web.Extensions.dll.中
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

#region 2.JavaScriptSerializer方式实现序列化和反序列化
            Student stu = new Student()
               {
                   ID = 1,
                   Name = "关羽",
                   Age = 2000,
                   Sex = "男"
               };

            JavaScriptSerializer js = new JavaScriptSerializer();
            string jsonData = js.Serialize(stu);//序列化
            Console.WriteLine(jsonData);


            反序列化方式一：
            string desJson = jsonData;
            //Student model = js.Deserialize<Student>(desJson);// //反序列化
            //string message = string.Format("ID={0},Name={1},Age={2},Sex={3}", model.ID, model.Name, model.Age, model.Sex);
            //Console.WriteLine(message);
            //Console.ReadKey(); 


            反序列化方式2
            dynamic modelDy = js.Deserialize<dynamic>(desJson); //反序列化
            string messageDy = string.Format("动态的反序列化,ID={0},Name={1},Age={2},Sex={3}",
                modelDy["ID"], modelDy["Name"], modelDy["Age"], modelDy["Sex"]);//这里要使用索引取值，不能使用对象.属性
            Console.WriteLine(messageDy);
            Console.ReadKey(); 
            #endregion

结果是：

最后看看使用JSON.NET的情况，引入类库：

下面的英文，看不懂可略过。。。

Json.NET is a third party library which helps conversion between JSON text and .NET object using the JsonSerializer. The JsonSerializer converts .NET objects into their JSON equivalent text and back again by mapping the .NET object property names to the JSON property names. It is open source software and free for commercial purposes.

 

The following are some awesome【极好的】 features,

• Flexible JSON serializer for converting between .NET objects and JSON.
• LINQ to JSON for manually reading and writing JSON.
• High performance, faster than .NET's built-in【内嵌】 JSON serializers.
• Easy to read JSON.
• Convert JSON to and from XML.
• Supports .NET 2, .NET 3.5, .NET 4, Silverlight and Windows Phone. 

Let’s start learning how to install and implement:

 

In Visual Studio, go to Tools Menu -> Choose Library Package Manger -> Package Manager Console. It opens a command window where we need to put the following command to install Newtonsoft.Json.

 

Install-Package Newtonsoft.Json

OR

In Visual Studio, Tools menu -> Manage Nuget Package Manger Solution and type “JSON.NET” to search it online. Here's the figure,

//使用Json.NET类库需要引入的命名空间
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
using Newtonsoft.Json;
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------

#region 3.Json.NET序列化
            List<Student> lstStuModel = new List<Student>() 
            {
            
            new Student(){ID=1,Name="张飞",Age=250,Sex="男"},
            new Student(){ID=2,Name="潘金莲",Age=300,Sex="女"}
            };

            //Json.NET序列化
            string jsonData = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(lstStuModel);

            Console.WriteLine(jsonData);
            Console.ReadKey();


            //Json.NET反序列化
            string json = @"{ 'Name':'C#','Age':'3000','ID':'1','Sex':'女'}";
            Student descJsonStu = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Student>(json);//反序列化
            Console.WriteLine(string.Format("反序列化： ID={0},Name={1},Sex={2},Sex={3}", descJsonStu.ID, descJsonStu.Name, descJsonStu.Age, descJsonStu.Sex));
            Console.ReadKey(); 
            #endregion

运行之后，结果是：

总结：最后还是尽量使用JSON.NET来序列化和反序列化，性能好。

In this article we discussed about how many ways we can implement serialization/deserialization in C#. However JSON.NET wins over other implementations because it facilitates more functionality of JSON validation, JSON schema, LINQ to JSON etc. So use JSON.NET always.

https://www.cnblogs.com/caofangsheng/p/5687994.html