Android应用开发笔记(1)：调用打电话和发短信、收短信接口、发Email （Call, Dial, SMSManager, Broadcast, Email）

打电话和发短信可以说是最核心的应用了，本文就来阐述它的调用方法。可以分为直接调用--直接电话或短信发出，已经间接调用--进入拨号或短信撰写页面，等待用户确认内容后由用户发出.

先看代码效果截图：

先编写主界面Activaty，创建类CallAndSms作为为默认启动页
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01.package jtapp.callandsms;
02.
03.import java.util.List;
04.
05.import android.app.Activity;
06.import android.content.Intent;
07.import android.net.Uri;
08.import android.os.Bundle;
09.import android.telephony.SmsManager;
10.import android.view.View;
11.import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
12.import android.widget.Button;
13.import android.widget.Toast;
14.
15.public class CallAndSms extends Activity {
16.    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
17.    @Override
18.    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
19.        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
20.        setContentView(R.layout.main);
21.
22.        setComponent();
23.    }
24.
25.    private void setComponent() {
26.        Button bt1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button01);
27.        bt1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
28.            @Override
29.            public void onClick(View v) {
30.                Intent intent = new Intent(
31.                        Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:10010"));
32.                startActivity(intent);
33.            }
34.        });
35.        Button bt2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button02);
36.        bt2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
37.            @Override
38.            public void onClick(View v) {
39.                String smsContent = "102";
40.                // note: SMS must be divided before being sent
41.                SmsManager sms = SmsManager.getDefault();
42.                List<String> texts = sms.divideMessage(smsContent);
43.                for (String text : texts) {
44.                    sms.sendTextMessage("10010", null, text, null, null);
45.                }
46.                // note: not checked success or failure yet
47.                Toast.makeText(
48.                        CallAndSms.this,
49.                        "短信已发送",
50.                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT ).show();
51.            }
52.        });
53.
54.        Button bt3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button03);
55.        bt3.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
56.            @Override
57.            public void onClick(View v) {
58.                Intent intent = new Intent(
59.                        Intent.ACTION_DIAL, Uri.parse("tel:10010"));
60.                startActivity(intent);
61.            }
62.        });
63.        Button bt4 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button04);
64.        bt4.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
65.            @Override
66.            public void onClick(View v) {
67.                Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:10010");
68.                Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
69.                it.putExtra("sms_body", "102");
70.                startActivity(it);
71.            }
72.        });
73.    }
74.}
package jtapp.callandsms;

import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.telephony.SmsManager;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class CallAndSms extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);

        setComponent();
    }

private void setComponent() {
  Button bt1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button01);
  bt1.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    Intent intent = new Intent(
      Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:10010"));
    startActivity(intent);
   }
  });
  Button bt2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button02);
  bt2.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    String smsContent = "102";
    // note: SMS must be divided before being sent
    SmsManager sms = SmsManager.getDefault();
    List<String> texts = sms.divideMessage(smsContent);
    for (String text : texts) {
     sms.sendTextMessage("10010", null, text, null, null);
    }
    // note: not checked success or failure yet
    Toast.makeText(
      CallAndSms.this,
      "短信已发送",
      Toast.LENGTH_SHORT ).show();
   }
  });

  Button bt3 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button03);
  bt3.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    Intent intent = new Intent(
      Intent.ACTION_DIAL, Uri.parse("tel:10010"));
    startActivity(intent);
   }
  });
  Button bt4 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button04);
  bt4.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:10010");
    Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
    it.putExtra("sms_body", "102");
    startActivity(it);
   }
  });
}
}

主界面ui定义 main.xml 代码:

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01.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
02.<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
03.    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
04.    android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:gravity="center">
05.    <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
06.        android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Direct Method:"
07.        android:gravity="center" />
08.    <Button android:text="拨打10010客服电话" android:id="@+id/Button01"
09.        android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></Button>
10.    <Button android:text="短信10010查余额" android:id="@+id/Button02"
11.        android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></Button>
12.    <TextView android:text="InDirect Method:" android:id="@+id/TextView01"
13.        android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
14.    <Button android:text="拨打10010客服电话" android:id="@+id/Button03"
15.        android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></Button>
16.    <Button android:text="短信10010查余额" android:id="@+id/Button04"
17.        android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></Button>
18.</LinearLayout>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:gravity="center">
<TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Direct Method:"
  android:gravity="center" />
<Button android:text="拨打10010客服电话" android:id="@+id/Button01"
  android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></Button>
<Button android:text="短信10010查余额" android:id="@+id/Button02"
  android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></Button>
<TextView android:text="InDirect Method:" android:id="@+id/TextView01"
  android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
<Button android:text="拨打10010客服电话" android:id="@+id/Button03"
  android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></Button>
<Button android:text="短信10010查余额" android:id="@+id/Button04"
  android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"></Button>
</LinearLayout>

用于监听短信到来的Broadcast消息的文件，

ReceiverSMS.java 代码：

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01.package jtapp.callandsms;
02.
03.import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
04.import android.content.Context;
05.import android.content.Intent;
06.import android.os.Bundle;
07.import android.telephony.SmsMessage;
08.import android.widget.Toast;
09.
10.public class ReceiverSMS extends BroadcastReceiver {
11.
12.    @Override
13.    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
14.        if (intent.getAction().equals(
15.                "android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED")) {
16.            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
17.            Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
18.            if (bundle != null) {
19.                Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
20.                SmsMessage[] msgs = new SmsMessage[pdus.length];
21.                for (int i = 0; i < pdus.length; i++) {
22.                    msgs[i] = SmsMessage
23.                        .createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i]);
24.                }
25.                for (SmsMessage s : msgs) {
26.                    sb.append("收到来自");
27.                    sb.append(s.getDisplayOriginatingAddress());
28.                    sb.append("的SMS, 内容:");
29.                    sb.append(s.getDisplayMessageBody());
30.                }
31.                Toast.makeText(
32.                        context,
33.                        "收到了短消息: " + sb.toString(),
34.                        Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
35.            }
36.
37.        }
38.    }
39.}
package jtapp.callandsms;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.telephony.SmsMessage;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class ReceiverSMS extends BroadcastReceiver {

@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
  if (intent.getAction().equals(
    "android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED")) {
   StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
   Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
   if (bundle != null) {
    Object[] pdus = (Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
    SmsMessage[] msgs = new SmsMessage[pdus.length];
    for (int i = 0; i < pdus.length; i++) {
     msgs[i] = SmsMessage
      .createFromPdu((byte[]) pdus[i]);
    }
    for (SmsMessage s : msgs) {
     sb.append("收到来自");
     sb.append(s.getDisplayOriginatingAddress());
     sb.append("的SMS, 内容:");
     sb.append(s.getDisplayMessageBody());
    }
    Toast.makeText(
      context,
      "收到了短消息: " + sb.toString(),
      Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
   }

  }
}
}

AndroidManifest.xml中权限、activity和receiver的设定：

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01.<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
02.<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
03.    package="jtapp.callandsms" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0">
04.    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name"
05.        android:debuggable="true">
06.        <activity android:name=".CallAndSms" android:label="@string/app_name">
07.            <intent-filter>
08.                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
09.                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
10.            </intent-filter>
11.        </activity>
12.        <receiver android:name=".ReceiverSMS" android:enabled="true">
13.            <intent-filter>
14.                <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
15.            </intent-filter>
16.        </receiver>
17.    </application>
18.    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"></uses-permission>
19.    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"></uses-permission>
20.    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"></uses-permission>
21.</manifest>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="jtapp.callandsms" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0">
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name"
  android:debuggable="true">
  <activity android:name=".CallAndSms" android:label="@string/app_name">
   <intent-filter>
    <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
    <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
   </intent-filter>
  </activity>
  <receiver android:name=".ReceiverSMS" android:enabled="true">
   <intent-filter>
    <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
   </intent-filter>
  </receiver>
</application>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"></uses-permission>
</manifest>

补充，发Email 代码片段：

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01.//Email
02.Button bt5 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button05);
03.bt5.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
04.    @Override
05.    public void onClick(View v) {
06.        // Setup the recipient in a String array
07.        String[] mailto = { "noam@gmail.com" };
08.        // Create a new Intent to send messages
09.        Intent sendIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
10.        // Write the body of theEmail
11.        String emailBody = "You're password is: ";
12.        // Add attributes to the intent
13.        //sendIntent.setType("text/plain"); // use this line for testing
14.                                            // in the emulator
15.        sendIntent.setType("message/rfc822"); // use this line for testing
16.                                                // on the real phone
17.        sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, mailto);
18.        sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Your Password");
19.        sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, emailBody);
20.        startActivity(sendIntent);
21.    }
22.});
  //Email
  Button bt5 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button05);
  bt5.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    // Setup the recipient in a String array
    String[] mailto = { "noam@gmail.com" };
    // Create a new Intent to send messages
    Intent sendIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
    // Write the body of theEmail
    String emailBody = "You're password is: ";
    // Add attributes to the intent
    //sendIntent.setType("text/plain"); // use this line for testing
             // in the emulator
    sendIntent.setType("message/rfc822"); // use this line for testing
              // on the real phone
    sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, mailto);
    sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "Your Password");
    sendIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, emailBody);
    startActivity(sendIntent);
   }
  });