来源 http://blog.csdn.net/luckyzhoustar/article/details/50455407
Java中为我们提供了丰富的加密技术,可以基本的分为单向加密和非对称加密
1.单向加密算法
单向加密算法主要用来验证数据传输的过程中,是否被篡改过。
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BASE64 严格地说,属于编码格式,而非加密算法
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MD5(Message Digest algorithm 5,信息摘要算法)
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SHA(Secure Hash Algorithm,安全散列算法)
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HMAC(Hash Message Authentication Code,散列消息鉴别码
2.对称和非对称加密算法
对称和非对称加密算法主要采用公钥和私钥的形式,来对数据加密。
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DES(Data Encryption Standard,数据加密算法)
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PBE(Password-based encryption,基于密码验证)
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RSA(算法的名字以发明者的名字命名:Ron Rivest, AdiShamir 和Leonard Adleman)
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DH(Diffie-Hellman算法,密钥一致协议)
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DSA(Digital Signature Algorithm,数字签名)
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ECC(Elliptic Curves Cryptography,椭圆曲线密码编码学)
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更多理论的简介,请自行查阅,下面提供代码,来看一下。
基础加密
- <span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;">package com.test;
- import java.security.MessageDigest;
- import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
- import javax.crypto.Mac;
- import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
- import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
- import sun.misc.BASE64Decoder;
- import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
- /**
- * @ClassName: coder
- * @Description: 加密组件
- * @author: LUCKY
- * @date:2016年1月4日 下午1:24:12
- */
- public abstract class coder {
- public static final String KEY_SHA = "SHA";
- public static final String KEY_MD5 = "MD5";
- /**
- * MAC算法可选以下多种算法
- *
- * <pre>
- * HmacMD5
- * HmacSHA1
- * HmacSHA256
- * HmacSHA384
- * HmacSHA512
- * </pre>
- */
- public static final String KEY_MAC = "HmacMD5";
- /**
- * BASE64解密
- *
- * @param key
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] decryptBASE64(String key) throws Exception {
- return (new BASE64Decoder()).decodeBuffer(key);
- }
- /**
- * BASE64加密
- *
- * @param key
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String encryptBASE64(byte[] key) throws Exception {
- return (new BASE64Encoder()).encodeBuffer(key);
- }
- /**
- * MD5加密
- *
- * @param data
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encryptMD5(byte[] data) throws Exception {
- MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance(KEY_MD5);
- md5.update(data);
- return md5.digest();
- }
- /**
- * SHA加密
- *
- * @param data
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encryptSHA(byte[] data) throws Exception {
- MessageDigest sha = MessageDigest.getInstance(KEY_SHA);
- sha.update(data);
- return sha.digest();
- }
- /**
- * 初始化HMAC密钥
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String initMacKey() throws Exception {
- KeyGenerator keyGenerator = KeyGenerator.getInstance(KEY_MAC);
- SecretKey secretKey = keyGenerator.generateKey();
- return encryptBASE64(secretKey.getEncoded());
- }
- /**
- * HMAC加密
- *
- * @param data
- * @param key
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encryptHMAC(byte[] data, String key) throws Exception {
- SecretKey secretKey = new SecretKeySpec(decryptBASE64(key), KEY_MAC);
- Mac mac = Mac.getInstance(secretKey.getAlgorithm());
- mac.init(secretKey);
- return mac.doFinal(data);
- }
- }</span>
RSA安全编码组件
- <span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;">package com.test;
- import java.security.Key;
- import java.security.KeyFactory;
- import java.security.KeyPair;
- import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
- import java.security.PrivateKey;
- import java.security.PublicKey;
- import java.security.Signature;
- import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
- import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
- import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
- import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import javax.crypto.Cipher;
- /**
- * @ClassName: RSACoder
- * @Description: RSA安全编码组件
- * @author: LUCKY
- * @date:2016年1月4日 下午1:25:34
- */
- public abstract class RSACoder extends coder {
- public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";
- public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "MD5withRSA";
- private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey";
- private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey";
- /**
- * 用私钥对信息生成数字签名
- *
- * @param data
- * 加密数据
- * @param privateKey
- * 私钥
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String sign(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception {
- // 解密由base64编码的私钥
- byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(privateKey);
- // 构造PKCS8EncodedKeySpec对象
- PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- // KEY_ALGORITHM 指定的加密算法
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- // 取私钥匙对象
- PrivateKey priKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
- // 用私钥对信息生成数字签名
- Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
- signature.initSign(priKey);
- signature.update(data);
- return encryptBASE64(signature.sign());
- }
- /**
- * 校验数字签名
- *
- * @param data
- * 加密数据
- * @param publicKey
- * 公钥
- * @param sign
- * 数字签名
- *
- * @return 校验成功返回true 失败返回false
- * @throws Exception
- *
- */
- public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String publicKey, String sign)
- throws Exception {
- // 解密由base64编码的公钥
- byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(publicKey);
- // 构造X509EncodedKeySpec对象
- X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- // KEY_ALGORITHM 指定的加密算法
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- // 取公钥匙对象
- PublicKey pubKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
- Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
- signature.initVerify(pubKey);
- signature.update(data);
- // 验证签名是否正常
- return signature.verify(decryptBASE64(sign));
- }
- /**
- * 解密<br>
- * 用私钥解密
- *
- * @param data
- * @param key
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String key)
- throws Exception {
- // 对密钥解密
- byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);
- // 取得私钥
- PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- Key privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
- // 对数据解密
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
- return cipher.doFinal(data);
- }
- /**
- * 解密<br>
- * 用私钥解密
- *
- * @param data
- * @param key
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String key)
- throws Exception {
- // 对密钥解密
- byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);
- // 取得公钥
- X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- Key publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
- // 对数据解密
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
- return cipher.doFinal(data);
- }
- /**
- * 加密<br>
- * 用公钥加密
- *
- * @param data
- * @param key
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String key)
- throws Exception {
- // 对公钥解密
- byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);
- // 取得公钥
- X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- Key publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
- // 对数据加密
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
- return cipher.doFinal(data);
- }
- /**
- * 加密<br>
- * 用私钥加密
- *
- * @param data
- * @param key
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String key)
- throws Exception {
- // 对密钥解密
- byte[] keyBytes = decryptBASE64(key);
- // 取得私钥
- PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
- KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- Key privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
- // 对数据加密
- Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
- cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
- return cipher.doFinal(data);
- }
- /**
- * 取得私钥
- *
- * @param keyMap
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)
- throws Exception {
- Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
- return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());
- }
- /**
- * 取得公钥
- *
- * @param keyMap
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap)
- throws Exception {
- Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
- return encryptBASE64(key.getEncoded());
- }
- /**
- * 初始化密钥
- *
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static Map<String, Object> initKey() throws Exception {
- KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator
- .getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
- keyPairGen.initialize(1024);
- KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
- // 公钥
- RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
- // 私钥
- RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
- Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
- keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);
- keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);
- return keyMap;
- }
- }</span>