Python-面向对象

1.6. 面向对象

class 类名:
  #属性

  #方法
  def xxx(self):
    yyyy

例如：

class person:

    def hello(self):
        print("hello")
    def show(self):
        print("name:",self.name,"age:",self.age)

tom=person()
tom.name="tom"#添加属性
tom.age=20
tom.hello()
print(tom.name)
tom.show()

aaa=person()
aaa.name="aaa"
aaa.age=23
aaa.show()

结果是:

hello
tom
name: tom age: 20
name: aaa age: 23

self相当于this指针

__init__方法

但不相当于构造函数

def 类名:
    #初始化函数，用来完成一些默认的设定
    def __init__():
        pass

1. 无参数的：

class person:

    def __init__(self):
        self.name="person"
        self.age=0

    def hello(self):
        print("hello")
    def show(self):
        print("name:",self.name,"age:",self.age)

bbb = person()
bbb.show()

结果是：
name: person age: 0
2. 有参数的：

    class person:

        def __init__(self,name,age):
            self.name=name
            self.age=age

        def hello(self):
            print("hello")
        def show(self):
            print("name:",self.name,"age:",self.age)

    bbb = person("bbb",12)
    bbb.show()

结果是：name: bbb age: 12

__str__()方法

相当于Java中的toString()方法

class person:

    def __init__(self,name,age):
        self.name=name
        self.age=age

    def __str__(self):
        return "name:"+self.name+"age:"+str(self.age)

    def hello(self):
        print("hello")
    def show(self):
        print("name:",self.name,"age:",self.age)

bbb = person("bbb",12)
print("str:",bbb)
bbb.show()

结果是：

str: name:bbbage:12
name: bbb age: 12