LNMP架构(3)访问日志配置，切割，静态文件不记录日志，配置静态元素有效期

最新推荐文章于 2018-06-25 01:48:14 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2018-06-25 01:48:14 发布

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分类专栏： Linux 走进Linux世界---中级阶段

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  Nginx访问日志 
 
  1、查看nginx的日志格式 
 
  [root@aliyun logs]# grep -A2 log_format /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 
 
  log_format 
    
  combined_realip 
   ' 
  $remote_addr 
    
  $http_x_forwarded_for 
   [$time_local] 
  ' 
 
       日志            日志格式_名字     来访用户的公网IP  代理服务器的IP      本地时间  
 
      ' 
   $host 
    
  "$request_uri" 
    
  $status 
  '                                 '  
  "$http_referer"  
  "$http_user_agent" 
  '; 
 
   目标主机（域名）  目标资源    连接状态(状态码)          跳转来源                 浏览器标识 
 
  2、编辑虚拟主机的配置文件 
 
  最后的结束符 } 上方插入日志存放路径和记录规则 
 
  server 
 
  { 
 
      listen 80 default_server; 
 
      server_name www.test.com; 
 
      index index.html index.htm index.php; 
 
      root /data/wwwroot/test.com; 
 
      access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/test.com.log combined_realip; 
 
  } 
 
  [root@aliyun logs]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 
 
  nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok 
 
  nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful 
 
  [root@aliyun logs]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 
 
  3、测试 
 
  [root@aliyun logs]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com/123 -I 
 
  HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found 
 
  Server: nginx/1.14.0 
 
  Date: Sun, 10 Jun 2018 20:13:57 GMT 
 
  Content-Type: text/html 
 
  Content-Length: 169 
 
  Connection: keep-alive 
 
  4、查看日志 
 
  [root@aliyun logs]# tail /usr/local/nginx/logs/test.com.log  
 
  127.0.0.1 - [11/Jun/2018:04:11:18 +0800] test.com "/123" 404 "-" "curl/7.29.0" 
 
  127.0.0.1 - [11/Jun/2018:04:13:57 +0800] test.com "/123" 404 "-" "curl/7.29.0" 
 
  Nginx日志切割 
 
        nginx的日志非常简单，没有自带的日志切割工具，要切割日志需要借助系统的切割工具或者自定义切割脚本。 
 
  1、自定义的日志切割脚本 
 
   [root@aliyun logs]# vim /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh 
 
  写入如下脚本内容： 
 
  #! /bin/bash                                                           声明解释器 
 
  d=`date -d "-1 day" +%Y%m%d`                           设置变量d 
 
  logdir="/data/logs/"                                设置变量logdir 
 
  nginx_pid="/data/logs/nginx.pid"           定义nginx_pid路径 
 
  cd $logdir                                                              打开logdir变量（日志目录） 
 
  for log in `ls *.log`                                                  定义log变量的循环条件为 `ls *.log`的命令输出 
 
      mv $log $log-$d                                                执行动作 
 
  done 
 
  /bin/kill -HUP `cat $nginx_pid`                               生成新的日志 
 
  2、写入任务计划： 
 
  [root@aliyun logs]# chmod 755 /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh 
 
  [root@aliyun logs]# crontab -e  
 
  写入计划任务 
 
  0 0 * * * /bin/bash /usr/local/sbin/nginx_log_rotate.sh 
 
[root@aliyun logs]# find /data/logs/ -name *.log-*  f -mtime +30 |xargs rm 找出30天前的日志并删除 
    
  静态文件不记录日志，配置静态元素过期时间 
 
  1、编辑虚拟主机配置文件 
 
  写入日志记录规则 
 
  server 
 
{ 
       listen 80 default_server; 
  
       server_name www.test.com; 
  
       index index.html index.htm index.php; 
  
       root /data/wwwroot/test.com; 
  
      location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$  
    指定文件类型 
 
      { 
 
            expires      7d; 
        有效期7天 
 
            access_log off; 
       不记录日志 
 
      } 
 
      location ~ .*\.(js|css)$ 
                                   指定文件类型 
 
      { 
 
            expires      12h;  
      有效期12小时 
 
            access_log off; 
        不记录日志 
 
      } 
 
      access_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/elon.org.cn.log combined_realip; 
 
  }    
 
  2、测试访问： 
 
  [root@aliyun logs]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 
 
  nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok 
 
  nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful 
 
  [root@aliyun logs]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload 
 
  [root@aliyun logs]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test.com/ 
  1.js  
  -I 
 
  HTTP/1.1  
  200 OK 
 
  Server: nginx/1.14.0 
 
  Date: Sun, 10 Jun 2018 20:53:56 GMT 
 
  Content-Type: application/javascript 
 
  Content-Length: 8 
 
  Last-Modified: Sun, 10 Jun 2018 20:51:30 GMT 
 
  Connection: keep-alive 
 
  ETag: "5b1d8f52-8" 
 
  Expires: Mon, 11 Jun 2018 08:53:56 GMT 
 
  Cache-Control:  
  max-age=43200 
 
  Accept-Ranges: bytes 
 
  [root@aliyun logs]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test.com/ 
  2.jpeg 
   -I 
 
  HTTP/1.1  
  200 OK 
 
  Server: nginx/1.14.0 
 
  Date: Sun, 10 Jun 2018 20:54:38 GMT 
 
  Content-Type: image/jpeg 
 
  Content-Length: 8 
 
  Last-Modified: Sun, 10 Jun 2018 20:51:58 GMT 
 
  Connection: keep-alive 
 
  ETag: "5b1d8f6e-8" 
 
  Expires: Sun, 17 Jun 2018 20:54:38 GMT 
 
  Cache-Control:  
  max-age=604800 
 
  Accept-Ranges: bytes 
 
  [root@aliyun logs]# curl -x 127.0.0.1:80 test.com/ 
  3.jss 
   -I 
 
  HTTP/1.1  
  200 OK 
 
  Server: nginx/1.14.0 
 
  Date: Sun, 10 Jun 2018 20:54:47 GMT 
 
  Content-Type: application/octet-stream 
 
  Content-Length: 0 
 
  Last-Modified: Sun, 10 Jun 2018 20:52:42 GMT 
 
  Connection: keep-alive 
 
  ETag: "5b1d8f9a-0" 
 
  Accept-Ranges: bytes 
 
  [root@aliyun logs]# tail /usr/local/nginx/logs/test.com.log  
 
  127.0.0.1 - [11/Jun/2018:04:11:18 +0800] test.com "/123" 404 "-" "curl/7.29.0" 
 
  127.0.0.1 - [11/Jun/2018:04:13:57 +0800] test.com "/123" 404 "-" "curl/7.29.0" 
 
  80.82.78.50 - [11/Jun/2018:04:15:18 +0800] www.baidu.com "/cache/global/img/gs.gif" 404 "-" "Mozilla" 
 
  127.0.0.1 - [11/Jun/2018:04:54:47 +0800] test.com "/ 
  3.jss 
  " 200 "-" "curl/7.29.0" 
 
  可以看到只有3.jss的访问日志，1.js 2.jpeg的访问日志都没有记录