在线添加磁盘，扩展LVM卷案例

 

一、添加硬盘，在线扫描出来

首先到虚拟机那里添加一块硬盘，注意必须是SCSI类型的硬盘。

扫描硬盘，不用重启操作系统的。

echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan

echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/scan

echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan

echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host3/scan

.......

echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/hostn/scan

 

有几个host就扫描几次就可以了！记得修改host的编号。我经过测试发现，无论是虚拟机还是物理机，从远端存储分配一些物理卷给主机，主机上都可以直接用这个命令把新添加的硬盘识别出来。

然后再运行fdisk -l就能发现新添加的硬盘已经被系统识别了，查看系统日志/var/log/messages，发现对SCSI设备进行了一次重新扫描
注意：三个- – -号之间有空隔。

以下是我添加完硬盘以后执行的过程：

[root@con4test ~]# fdisk -l

 

Disk /dev/sda: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks  Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391  83  Linux

/dev/sda2              14       13054  104751832+  8e  Linux LVM

 

[root@con4test ~]# echo "- - -" >/sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan

[root@con4test ~]#

 

[root@con4test ~]# fdisk -l

 

Disk /dev/sda: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks  Id  System

/dev/sda1   *           1          13      104391  83  Linux

/dev/sda2              14       13054  104751832+  8e  Linux LVM

 

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.6 GB, 53687091200 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

 

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

 

二、添加硬盘到原有分区

在RedHat 使用中，我们经常会碰到硬盘空间用完的问题。今天也是因为服务器硬盘空间用完，才用到这个增加硬盘，并加入LVM现有空间的操作。

 

详细内容见内文。

 

1.收集相关数据

执行如下命令:

 

 

[root@con4test ~]#vgs

 /dev/hdc: open failed: No medium found

 VG         #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize VFree

 VolGroup00   1   2   0wz--n- 99.88G    0

 

 

[root@con4test ~]# lvs-a -o +devices

 /dev/hdc: open failed: No medium found

 LV       VG         Attr  LSize   Origin Snap%  Move Log Copy%  Convert Devices

 LogVol00 VolGroup00 -wi-ao 99.12G                                      /dev/sda2(0)

 LogVol01 VolGroup00 -wi-ao 768.00M                                      /dev/sda2(3172)

 

2.新加硬盘初始化配置

执行如下命令:

 

[root@con4test ~]# fdisk-l

 

Disk /dev/sda: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

 

  Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks  Id  System

/dev/sda1  *           1          13      104391  83  Linux

/dev/sda2              14      13054   104751832+  8e Linux LVM

 

Disk/dev/sdb: 53.6 GB, 53687091200 bytes

255heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders

Units= cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

 

Disk/dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

 

 

fdisk /dev/sdb

 

将硬盘分为一个分区。结果如下:

 

 [root@con4test~]# fdisk -l

 

Disk /dev/sda: 107.3 GB, 107374182400 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 13054cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280bytes

 

  Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks  Id  System

/dev/sda1  *           1          13      104391  83  Linux

/dev/sda2              14       13054  104751832+  8e  Linux LVM

 

Disk/dev/sdb: 53.6 GB, 53687091200 bytes

255heads, 63 sectors/track, 6527 cylinders

Units= cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks  Id  System

/dev/sdb1               1        6527   52428096   83  Linux

 

 

执行如下命令:

[root@con4test ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1

 Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

 

3.LVM配置命令详解

 

pvcreate  /dev/sdb1  #将sdb1创建为pv，可以先用pvdisplay查看情况

 

vgcreatevmax_bkup /dev/emcpowerk  /dev/emcpowerl   #VG创建

 

vgrenamevmax_bkup vmax_bkupvg   #VG重命名

 

lvcreate   -L 2.43T   -i 5   -I1024  -n  vmax_bkuplv   vmax_bkupvg  

                                               #LV创建，-L指定lv大小，-i指定条带化个数，-I指定条带化尺寸，-n指定lv名称

 

mkfs-t ext3  /dev/vmax_bkupvg/vmax_bkuplv

 

vgextend  VolGroup00  /dev/sdb1 #将sdb1加入到VolGroup00

 

lvextend –l  +100%FREE  /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00  #扩展所有空余空间

 

resize2fs  –f /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00

 

4.配置后的核实

执行如下命令:

 

[root@con4test ~]# vgs

 VG         #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree

  VolGroup00   2  2   0 wz--n- 149.84G    0

 

 [root@con4test ~]#lvs -a -o +devices

 LV       VG         Attr  LSize   Origin Snap%  Move Log Copy%  Convert Devices

 LogVol00 VolGroup00 -wi-ao 149.09G                                      /dev/sda2(0)

 LogVol00 VolGroup00 -wi-ao 149.09G                                      /dev/sdb1(0)

 LogVol01 VolGroup00 -wi-ao 768.00M                                      /dev/sda2(3172)

 

[root@con4test ~]#df -Th

Filesystem    Type   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

              ext3    145G  97G   41G  71% /

/dev/sda1     ext3    99M   13M   82M 14% /boot

tmpfs       tmpfs    3.9G     0 3.9G   0% /dev/shm

 

本篇文章来源于 Linux公社网站(www.linuxidc.com)  原文链接：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2010-04/25799.htm

 

 

常见错误：

[root@con4test ~]# vgextend volgroup00/dev/sdb1

 /dev/hdc: open failed: No medium found

 Volume group "volgroup00" not found

[root@con4test ~]# vgextend VolGroup00/dev/sdb1

  Nophysical volume label read from /dev/sdb1

  /dev/sdb1not identified as an existing physical volume

 Unable to add physical volume '/dev/sdb1' to volume group 'VolGroup00'.

 

需要先创建pv

[root@con4test ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1

 Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created

三.案例（EMC存储上的卷划分LVM详细过程）

pvcreate /dev/emcpowerk

 Physical volume "/dev/emcpowerk" successfully created

bi-bkdb:/ # pvcreate /dev/emcpowerl

 

 

 Physical volume "/dev/emcpowerl" successfully created

bi-bkdb:/ #

bi-bkdb:/ #

bi-bkdb:/ # pvcreate /dev/emcpowerm

 Physical volume "/dev/emcpowerm" successfully created

bi-bkdb:/ # pvcreate /dev/emcpowern

 Physical volume "/dev/emcpowern" successfully created

bi-bkdb:/ # pvcreate /dev/emcpowero

 Physical volume "/dev/emcpowero" successfully created

bi-bkdb:/ #

bi-bkdb:/ #

bi-bkdb:/ # pvscan

  PV/dev/emcpowerb   VG oraclevg        lvm2 [500.00 GiB / 0    free]

  PV/dev/emcpowera   VG oraclevg        lvm2 [500.00 GiB / 0    free]

  PV/dev/emcpowerc   VG oraclevg        lvm2 [500.00 GiB / 0    free]

  PV/dev/emcpowerf   VG oraclevg        lvm2 [500.00 GiB / 0    free]

  PV/dev/emcpowere   VG oraclevg        lvm2 [500.00 GiB / 0    free]

  PV/dev/emcpowerd   VG oraclevg        lvm2 [500.00 GiB / 0    free]

  PV/dev/emcpowerg   VG oraclevg        lvm2 [500.00 GiB / 0    free]

  PV/dev/emcpowerj   VG oraclevg        lvm2 [500.00 GiB / 0    free]

  PV/dev/emcpowerh   VG oraclevg        lvm2 [500.00 GiB / 0    free]

  PV/dev/emcpoweri   VG oraclevg        lvm2 [500.00 GiB / 0    free]

  PV/dev/emcpowerk                      lvm2 [500.00 GiB]

  PV/dev/emcpowerl                      lvm2[500.00 GiB]

  PV/dev/emcpowerm                      lvm2[500.00 GiB]

  PV/dev/emcpowern                      lvm2[500.00 GiB]

  PV/dev/emcpowero                      lvm2[500.00 GiB]

 Total: 15 [7.32 TiB] / in use: 10 [4.88 TiB] / in no VG: 5 [2.44 TiB]

bi-bkdb:/ # vgcreate vmax_bkup/dev/emcpowerk  /dev/emcpowerl/dev/emcpowerm /dev/emcpowern /dev/emcpowero

 Volume group "vmax_bkup" successfully created

bi-bkdb:/ #

bi-bkdb:/ #

bi-bkdb:/ # vgscan

 Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while...

 Found volume group "vmax_bkup" using metadata type lvm2

 Found volume group "oraclevg" using metadata type lvm2

 

bi-bkdb:/ # vgrename vmax_bkup vmax_bkupvg

 Volume group "vmax_bkup" successfully renamed to"vmax_bkupvg"

 

bi-bkdb:/ # vgs

 VG          #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize VFree

 oraclevg     10   2   0wz--n- 4.88t    0

 vmax_bkupvg   5   0   0wz--n- 2.44t 2.44t

bi-bkdb:/ # lvcreate -L  2.43T -i 5 -I 1024  -n vmax_bkuplv vmax_bkupvg

 Rounding up size to full physical extent 2.43 TiB

 Logical volume "vmax_bkuplv" created

 

bi-bkdb:/ # mkfs -t ext3 -c/dev/vmax_bkupvg/vmax_bkuplv

 

四.案例(redhat AS5的LVM在线扩充)

redhat AS5 LVM添加磁盘空间 实例

[root@virus_update /]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
2.9G 2.4G 396M 86% /
/dev/sda1 99M 11M 83M 12% /boot
tmpfs 1014M 0 1014M 0% /dev/shm
[root@virus_update /]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 652 5132767+ 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table
[root@virus_update /]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSFdisklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 5221.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-5221, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-5221, default 5221):
Using default value 5221

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@virus_update /]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 14 652 5132767+ 8e Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 5221 41937651 83 Linux

[root@virus_update /]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
[root@virus_update /]# pvdisplay /dev/sdb1
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size 39.99 GB
Allocatable NO
PE Size (KByte) 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID kW7PHZ-CtMC-0SzR-PNvV-OrZW-2s2d-LFfJ6I

[root@virus_update /]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name VolGroup00
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size 4.88 GB
PE Size 32.00 MB
Total PE 156
Alloc PE / Size 156 / 4.88 GB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID 4Iob4o-byje-ckbV-7dGt-49zm-J27Q-w0NtrU

[root@virus_update /]# vgextend VolGroup00 /dev/sdb1
Volume group "VolGroup00" successfully extended
[root@virus_update /]# lvextend -L +40G /dev/VolGroup00/
[root@virus_update /]# lvscan
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00' [2.94 GB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01' [1.94 GB] inherit
[root@virus_update /]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
2.9G 2.4G 396M 86% /
/dev/sda1 99M 11M 83M 12% /boot
tmpfs 1014M 0 1014M 0% /dev/shm

[root@virus_update ~]# resize2fs /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00
resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem at /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 is mounted on /; on-line resizingrequired
Performing an on-line resize of /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 to 10993664 (4k)blocks.

The filesystem on /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 is now 10993664 blocks long.

[root@virus_update ~]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00
41G 2.4G 37G 6% /
/dev/sda1 99M 11M 83M 12% /boot
tmpfs 1014M 0 1014M 0% /dev/shm
[root@virus_update ~]#

 

___________________________________________________________________________________

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