Android 蓝牙开发小结与探讨

加入权限

   <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
   <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

一、本机蓝牙

1 得到本机蓝牙适配器

 BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();

  mBluetoothAdapter.getName();//得到蓝牙名称（设备名称）

  mBluetoothAdapter.getAddress();//得到本机蓝牙地址

  mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();//得到已配对的蓝牙集合（Set集合）

  mBluetoothAdapter.setName(name);//待验证：设置蓝牙名称，短时间有效，过段时间恢复为设备名称 ？

  mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(mInfo.getmAddress());//通过地址得到远程蓝牙设备

2 打开蓝牙

 mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled();//判断蓝牙是否已经打开
 mBluetoothAdapter.enable();//打开蓝牙，无提示框
 Intent enabler=new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);//
 startActivity(enabler);//打开蓝牙，有提示框
 Intent enablerTime = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
 enablerTime.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 300);//设置持续时间（最多300秒），默认120秒
 con.startActivity(enablerTime);// 蓝牙可被其它设备发现

二、搜索蓝牙

1 注册蓝牙广播

//注册广播
 IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
 filter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND); 
 //filter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);
 registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);

 //广播接收者
 private BroadcastReceiver mReceiver=new BroadcastReceiver(){

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {

        String action=intent.getAction();

        if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {

            mDevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);

            if(mDevice.getBondState()!=BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED){
                //设备配对状态，BOND_BONDED为已配对
            }   
        }else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {

        }
    }
 }  

 //注销广播
 unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);

2 搜索

mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();//待验证：有的手机如魅族会在此方法后发送ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED广播，有的手机不会如小米。？     mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
 //一轮搜索时间为12s

三、蓝牙配对

反射技术

Method creMethod = BluetoothDevice.class.getMethod("createBond"); 
boolean peidui=(Boolean) creMethod.invoke(mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(mInfo.getmAddress()));
//此方法后会有弹出框确认是否配对，待解决：怎么用代码判断配对成功或失败？？？？

我的解决办法，开个10s的线程去检测蓝牙配对状态：

new Thread(new Runnable() {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        int i=0;
        while(i<GameForPartyUtils.PAIR_TIME){
            if(mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(mInfo.getmAddress()).getBondState()==BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED){
                mhandler.sendEmptyMessage(0);//配对成功

                break;
            }
            try {
                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            i++;
            }
        if(i==GameForPartyUtils.PAIR_TIME){
            mhandler.sendEmptyMessage(1);//配对失败

        }                   
     }
 }).start();

四、蓝牙连接

蓝牙连接是通过BluetoothSocket建立连接，服务器端（BluetoothServerSocket）和客户端（BluetoothSocket）需指定同样的UUID，才能建立连接，因为建立连接的方法会阻塞线程，所以服务器端和客户端都应启动新线程连接。

1 服务器端：

public class ServerThread extends Thread{
    public static final String PROTOCOL_SCHEME_RFCOMM = "btspp";
    private BluetoothSocket socket = null;
        private final BluetoothServerSocket mserverSocket;
    private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
    private Context con;
    private Handler mHandler;
    private boolean mAcceptFlag=true;
    public ServerThread(Context con,Handler h){
        this.con=con;
        this.mHandler=h;
        BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null; //使用一个临时对象代替，因为mserverSocket定义为final，必须定义为final，才能连接多个客户端
        try {
            tmp = mBluetoothAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(PROTOCOL_SCHEME_RFCOMM,
                    UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));
        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();
        }   
        mserverSocket=tmp;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        while(mAcceptFlag){
            try {
                socket = mserverSocket.accept();//阻塞操作，等待连接

                String deviceName=socket.getRemoteDevice().getName();连接成功后，得到连接设备的名称

                ReadThread mreadThread = new ReadThread(con,socket,mHandler,deviceName);
                mreadThread.start();//接收客户端的数据

                Thread.sleep(1000);
            } catch (IOException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();
            }catch (InterruptedException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }

}

待解决：怎么判断客户端已从服务端断开？？？
2 客户端

public class ClientThread extends Thread{
    private final BluetoothSocket mSocket;
    private BluetoothDevice mDevice;
    private Context mCon;
    private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
    private Handler mHandler;
    public ClientThread(Context con,BluetoothDevice device,Handler h){
        this.mDevice=device;
        this.mCon=con;
        this.mHandler=h;
        BluetoothSocket tmp= null;
        try {
            tmp = mDevice.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        mSocket=tmp;
    }

    public BluetoothSocket getmSocket() {
        return mSocket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {

        mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();//有利于提高连接性能
        try {
            mSocket.connect();//阻塞操作，连接服务器

            mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(0);
        }catch (IOException e){

            e.printStackTrace();
            mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(1);
            Log.i("server", "连接服务端异常！断开连接重新试一试");
        } 
    }
}

五、通信

public class ReadThread extends Thread{

    private BluetoothSocket mSocket;
    private Handler mHandler;
    private String mDeviceName;
    private boolean mReadFlag=true;
    public ReadThread(){}
    public ReadThread(Context con, BluetoothSocket socket,Handler h,String name) {

        this.mSocket=socket;
        this.mHandler=h;
        this.mDeviceName=name;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        int bytes;
        InputStream mmInStream = null;
        try {
            mmInStream = mSocket.getInputStream();
        } catch (IOException e1) {
            e1.printStackTrace();
        }   
        while (mReadFlag) {
            try {
                // Read from the InputStream
                if( (bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer)) > 0 ){
                    byte[] buf_data = new byte[bytes];
                    for(int i=0; i<bytes; i++){
                        buf_data[i] = buffer[i];
                    }
                    String s = new String(buf_data);
                    Message msg = new Message();
                    msg.obj=mDeviceName+": "+s;
                    msg.what=GameForPartyUtils.HANDLER_DEVICE_OUTINFO;
                    mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
                    Log.i("server", "output="+s);
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                break;
            }
        }
        try {
            mmInStream.close();
        } catch (IOException e1) {
            e1.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public boolean ismReadFlag() {
        return mReadFlag;
    }

    public void setmReadFlag(boolean mReadFlag) {
        this.mReadFlag = mReadFlag;
    }
}