Android 获取控件高度宽度三种方法,防止0的出现，计算空间宽度，文字宽度

我们都知道在onCreate()里面获取控件的高度是0,这是为什么呢?我们来看一下示例:  

首先我们自己写一个控件,这个控件非常简单:

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public class MyImageView extends ImageView {   public MyImageView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super (context, attrs); } public MyImageView(Context context) { super (context); }   @Override protected void onMeasure( int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { super .onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); System.out.println( "onMeasure 我被调用了" +System.currentTimeMillis()); }   @Override protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) { super .onDraw(canvas); System.out.println( "onDraw 我被调用了" +System.currentTimeMillis()); } }

布局

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< com.test.MyImageView android:id = "@+id/imageview" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" android:src = "@drawable/test" />

oncreate：

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@Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); System.out.println( "执行完毕.." +System.currentTimeMillis()); }

结果：

说明等onCreate方法执行完了,我们定义的控件才会被度量(measure),所以我们在onCreate方法里面通过view.getHeight()获取控件的高度或者宽度肯定是0,因为它自己还没有被度量,也就是说他自己都不知道自己有多高,而你这时候去获取它的尺寸,肯定是不行的.

现在碰到这个问题我们不能不解决,在网上找到了如下办法:

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//------------------------------------------------方法一 int w = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec( 0 ,View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED); int h = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec( 0 ,View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED); imageView.measure(w, h); int height =imageView.getMeasuredHeight(); int width =imageView.getMeasuredWidth(); textView.append( "\n" +height+ "," +width);         //-----------------------------------------------方法二 ViewTreeObserver vto = imageView.getViewTreeObserver(); vto.addOnPreDrawListener( new ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener() { public boolean onPreDraw() { int height = imageView.getMeasuredHeight(); int width = imageView.getMeasuredWidth(); textView.append( "\n" +height+ "," +width); return true ; } }); //-----------------------------------------------方法三 ViewTreeObserver vto2 = imageView.getViewTreeObserver(); vto2.addOnGlobalLayoutListener( new OnGlobalLayoutListener() { @Override public void onGlobalLayout() { imageView.getViewTreeObserver().removeGlobalOnLayoutListener( this ); textView.append( "\n\n" +imageView.getHeight()+ "," +imageView.getWidth()); } });

现在要讨论的是当我们需要时候使用哪个方法呢?
现在把测试的Activity改成如下:

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public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview);   //------------------------------------------------方法一 int w = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec( 0 ,View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED); int h = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec( 0 ,View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED); imageView.measure(w, h); int height =imageView.getMeasuredHeight(); int width =imageView.getMeasuredWidth(); textView.append( "\n" +height+ "," +width);   System.out.println( "执行完毕.." +System.currentTimeMillis()); }

接着来看下面几种方式输出结果:  
把测试Activity改成如下:

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public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview); -----------------------------------------------方法二 ViewTreeObserver vto = imageView.getViewTreeObserver(); vto.addOnPreDrawListener( new ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener() { public boolean onPreDraw() { int height = imageView.getMeasuredHeight(); int width = imageView.getMeasuredWidth(); textView.append( "\n" +height+ "," +width); return true ; } }); }

结果如下:  

方法三就不再测试了同方法二!!!

那么方法而和方法三在执行上有什么区别呢?
我们在布局文件中加入一个TextView来记录这个控件的宽高.

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< ScrollView android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" >   < TextView android:id = "@+id/text" android:layout_width = "wrap_content" android:layout_height = "wrap_content" /> </ ScrollView >

先来测试方法二:

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public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview); -----------------------------------------------方法二 ViewTreeObserver vto = imageView.getViewTreeObserver(); vto.addOnPreDrawListener( new ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener() { public boolean onPreDraw() { int height = imageView.getMeasuredHeight(); int width = imageView.getMeasuredWidth(); textView.append( "\n" +height+ "," +width); return true ; } }); }

 

再来测试方法三

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public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super .onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.imageview); //-----------------------------------------------方法三 ViewTreeObserver vto2 = imageView.getViewTreeObserver(); vto2.addOnGlobalLayoutListener( new OnGlobalLayoutListener() { @Override public void onGlobalLayout() { imageView.getViewTreeObserver().removeGlobalOnLayoutListener( this ); textView.append( "\n\n" +imageView.getHeight()+ "," +imageView.getWidth()); } }); }

 

总结:那么需要获取控件的宽高该用那个方法呢?
方法一: 比其他的两个方法多了一次计算,也就是多调用了一次onMeasure()方法,该方法虽然看上去简单,但是如果要目标控件计算耗时比较大的话,不见时使用,如listView等.
方法二,它的回调方法会调用很多次,并且滑动TextView的时候任然会调用,所以不建议使用.
方法三,比较合适.
当然,实际应用的时候需要根据实际情况而定.

可以使用view.measure(0,0)的方式获取空间宽度，通过paint对象获取文字的宽度。

//获取文字宽度
		Paint paint = new Paint();
		paint.setTextSize(btn_first.getTextSize());
		float width = paint.measureText(btn_first.getText().toString().trim());

		//获取控件的宽度
		RelativeLayout.LayoutParams params = (android.widget.RelativeLayout.LayoutParams) iv_first.getLayoutParams();
		iv_first.measure(0, 0);//如果不设置，获取的宽度为0
		int offset = (int) (DensityUtil.dip2px(activity, 20)+width/2)-iv_first.getMeasuredWidth()/2;
		params.setMargins(0, 0,offset , 0);
		iv_first.setLayoutParams(params);