ARM 学习笔记之8： Register usage in subroutine calls

You use branch instructions to call and return from subroutines. The Procedure Call Standard for the
Arm Architecture defines how to use registers in subroutine calls.
A subroutine is a block of code that performs a task based on some arguments and optionally returns a
result. By convention, you use registers R0 to R3 to pass arguments to subroutines, and R0 to pass a
result back to the callers. A subroutine that requires more than four inputs uses the stack for the
additional inputs.
To call subroutines, use a branch and link instruction. The syntax is:
        BL destination
where destination is usually the label on the first instruction of the subroutine.
destination can also be a PC-relative expression.
The BL instruction:
    • Places the return address in the link register.
    • Sets the PC to the address of the subroutine.
After the subroutine code has executed you can use a BX LR instruction to return.
-------------------- Note --------------------
Calls between separately assembled or compiled modules must comply with the restrictions and
conventions defined by the Procedure Call Standard for the Arm® Architecture.
------------------------------------------------

Example
The following example shows a subroutine, doadd, that adds the values of two arguments and returns a
result in R0:
               AREA subrout, CODE, READONLY                 ; Name this block of code
               ENTRY                                                              ; Mark first instruction to execute
start        MOV r0, #10                                                      ; Set up parameters
               MOV r1, #3
               BL doadd                                                           ; Call subroutine
stop        MOV r0, #0x18                                                  ; angel_SWIreason_ReportException
              LDR r1, =0x20026                                              ; ADP_Stopped_ApplicationExit
             SVC #0x123456                                                  ; AArch32 semihosting (formerly SWI)
doadd   ADD r0, r0, r1                                                      ; Subroutine code
             BX lr                                                                     ; Return from subroutine
             END                                                                      ; Mark end of file