问题场景:
订单超时自动取消,类似淘宝或者美团等购买商品时,在用户没有按照规定时间付款时,订单会在指定时间取消。
解决办法:
1.定时任务:该方案通常是在小型项目中使用,即通过一个线程定时的去扫描数据库,通过订单时间来判断是否有超时的订单,然后进行update或delete等操作(quartz来实现
2.基于RabbitMQ实现,借助于RabbitMQ的延迟队列TTL和死信队列。
3.JDK的延迟队列
该方案是利用JDK自带的DelayQueue来实现,这是一个无界阻塞队列,该队列只有在延迟期满的时候才能从中获取元素,放入DelayQueue中的对象,是必须实现Delayed接口的。
其中Poll():获取并移除队列的超时元素,没有则返回空
take():获取并移除队列的超时元素,如果没有则wait当前线程,直到有元素满足超时条件,返回结果
4.redis缓存
思路一利用redis的zset,zset是一个有序集合,每一个元素(member)都关联了一个score,通过score排序来取集合中的值
添加元素:ZADD key score member [[score member] [score member] …]
按顺序查询元素:ZRANGE key start stop [WITHSCORES]
查询元素score:ZSCORE key member
移除元素:ZREM key member [member …]
以上都是可以解决此场景。
今天重点说一下java延时队列(Delayed)
话不多说,直接上代码
1.controller层
注意:使用 @Autowired进行使用
public class OrderController extends BaseController {
private final ITOrderService iTOrderService;
@Autowired
private DelayQueueManagers delayQueueManager;
/**
* 新增订单管理
*/
@ApiOperation(value="新增订单")
// @PreAuthorize("@ss.hasPermi('manage:order:add')" )
@Log(title = "订单管理" , businessType = BusinessType.INSERT)
@PostMapping
public AjaxResult add(@RequestBody TOrder tOrder) throws ParseException {
Date date = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").parse(DateUtils.getTime());
tOrder.setFinshtime(date);
tOrder.setCreatetime(date);
tOrder.setPaytime(date);
tOrder.setUpdatetime(date);
delayQueueManager.put(new DelayTask(new TaskBase(tOrder.getOid().toString()),1000*60*1));//新增任务
return toAjax(iTOrderService.save(tOrder) ? 1 : 0);
}
2.定义延迟队列管理类DelayQueueManagers
注意:必须加@Component,注入到spring
package com.nft.shop.test;
import com.nft.manage.service.ITOrderService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.DelayQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class DelayQueueManagers implements CommandLineRunner {
private final DelayQueue<DelayTask> delayQueue = new DelayQueue<>();
@Autowired
private ITOrderService iTOrderService;
/**
* 加入到延时队列中
* @param task
*/
public void put(DelayTask task) {
log.error("加入延时任务:{}", task);
delayQueue.put(task);
}
/**
* 取消延时任务
* @param task
* @return
*/
public boolean remove(DelayTask task) {
log.error("取消延时任务:{}", task);
return delayQueue.remove(task);
}
/**
* 取消延时任务
* @param taskid
* @return
*/
public boolean remove(String taskid) {
return remove(new DelayTask(new TaskBase(taskid), 0));
}
@Override
public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
log.info("初始化延时队列");
Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor().execute(new Thread(this::excuteThread));
}
/**
* 延时任务执行线程
*/
private void excuteThread() {
while (true) {
try {
DelayTask task = delayQueue.take();
processTask(task);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
break;
}
}
}
/**
* 内部执行延时任务
* @param task
*/
private void processTask(DelayTask task) {
log.error("执行延时任务:{}-{}", task,task.getData().getIdentifier());
List<Map> list = iTOrderService.queryOrderTimerStatus();
if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(list)) {
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
iTOrderService.updateOrderTimerStatus((Integer) list.get(i).get("oId"));
}
}
}
}
3.taskBase
package com.nft.shop.test;
public class TaskBase {
private String identifier;
public TaskBase(String identifier) {
this.identifier = identifier;
}
public String getIdentifier() {
return identifier;
}
public void setIdentifier(String identifier) {
this.identifier = identifier;
}
}
4.DelayTask
package com.nft.shop.test;
import com.nft.common.utils.DateUtils;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.Delayed;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
public class DelayTask implements Delayed {
final private TaskBase data;
final private long expire;
/**
* 构造延时任务
*
* @param data 业务数据
* @param expire 任务延时时间(ms)
*/
public DelayTask(TaskBase data, long expire) {
super();
this.data = data;
this.expire = expire + System.currentTimeMillis();
}
public TaskBase getData() {
return data;
}
public long getExpire() {
return expire;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (obj instanceof DelayTask) {
return this.data.getIdentifier().equals(((DelayTask) obj).getData().getIdentifier());
}
return false;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "{" + "data:" + data.toString() + "," + "延时时间:" + DateUtils.getTimestampToTime(expire,DateUtils.YYYY_MM_DD_HH_MM_SS) + "}";
}
@Override
public long getDelay(TimeUnit unit) {
return unit.convert(this.expire - System.currentTimeMillis(), unit);
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Delayed o) {
long delta = getDelay(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) - o.getDelay(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
return (int) delta;
}
}
其中用了格式化日期
public class DateUtils extends org.apache.commons.lang3.time.DateUtils
{
public static String YYYY_MM_DD_HH_MM_SS = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
public static String getTimestampToTime(Long timeStamp,final String ts){
SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat(ts);
return sdf.format(new Date(Long.parseLong(String.valueOf(timeStamp))));
}
}