This is a very useful topic for those that would like to have a first insight on why an issue is occuring.
1. The easiest way to enable debug flags in WebLogic Server is to use weblogic console. This is done in:
Environment > Servers > MyServer > Debug > weblogic
Then, enable the level of debug you need, e.g.: security, servlet, jdbc.
This change does not require weblogic Server Restart.
2. You need Make sure the severity is set to debug in weblogic console:
Environment > Servers > MyServer > Logging >Advanced > Minimum severity to log: Debug
This change requires server restart.
https://blogs.oracle.com/LuzMestre/entry/how_to_enable_weblogic_server
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/cn/articles/idm/mishra-wls-auth-2157543.html
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E15586_01/core.1111/e10043/aptrouble.htm