Python Map， Filter，Reduce

map(f, data)

  Data: a1, a2, ..., an

  Function: f

  return iterator over

   f(a1), f(a2), ..., f(an)

 

Filter

  例子：filter(lambda x* x < avg, data)

  False value: "", 0, 0.0, 0j, [], (), {}, False, None, 

                       instances which signal they are empty

 

reduce

  Data:  [a1, a2, ..., an]

  Function: f(x,y)

  reduce(f, data)

   step1:     val1 = f(a1, a2)

   step2:     val2 = f(val1, a3)

   step3:     val3 = f(val2, a4)

   ......

   step n-1 :valn-1 = f(valn-2,an)

   return  valn-1

   Alternatively:

    returns f(f(f(a1, a2), a3), a4),...,an)