从零开始的docker和docker-compose打包上传自己的镜像

步骤：

项目准备

1.下载一个干净的springboot项目，没有多余的依赖

https://github.com/wangzixi-diablo/mySpringBoot

2.进入项目文件夹，运行mvn spring-boot:run查看运行结果，端口可在application.properties中修改

2021-04-27 11:54:55.346  INFO 128114 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8000 (http)

浏览器访问http://localhost:8000/product，看到显示页

3.将项目打成jar包

mvn clean package

因为项目的pom.xml中的finalName标签指定了打包后的包名，一般情况下（不指定）时为mySringBoot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar，其中0.0.1为项目pom.xml标签中指定的。

项目需要有server容器，如

org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-web

其中的依赖中包含tomat server容器

org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-tomcat

使用Dockerfile docker run单个部署运行docker

1.编写Dockerfile文件，docker镜像就是基于Dockerfile文件进行制作

# 指定了我们这个镜像基于openjdk这个镜像制作
FROM openjdk:8-jdk-alpine
# 定义了一个持久化存储，指向容器中的tmp文件夹。SpringBoot应用为内置的Tomcat服务器实例创建的默认工作目录为tmp，通过该命令，可以在运行Docker的[宿主机]目录/var/lib/docker创建一个临时的目录，挂接到容器内部的tmp
VOLUME /tmp
# 声明运行时容器提供服务端口，这只是一个声明，在运行时并不会因为这个声明应用就会开启这个端口的服务。命令行的expose可以起作用
EXPOSE 8080
# 把本地目录下target文件夹里打好的jar文件添加到容器里，重命名为helloapp.jar.
ADD target/prolikeService.jar helloapp.jar
# ENV命令的作用是设置环境变量。在复杂的使用场景中，我们可能需要使用各种参数启动JVM，这些参数通过ENV命令设置的环境变量传入Java命令。
ENV JAVA_OPTS="-Dserver.port=8080"
# 容器镜像运行的起始点 
ENTRYPOINT exec java $JAVA_OPTS -jar /app.jar

2.生成镜像

docker build -t helloapp:v0 .

上面命令行最后的".“并不是表示结束的标点符号，而是Linux系统里的”." ，代表当前目录。

查看镜像

root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu/workspace/mySpringBoot# docker images
REPOSITORY                     TAG            IMAGE ID       CREATED          SIZE
helloapp                       v0             713ca3edde75   29 seconds ago   136MB

3.运行镜像

docker run 容器名 -d 主机端口:容器内部的端口

-d 后台运行 ，主机端口:容器内部的端口 一定需要

docker run helloapp:v0 -d  -p 8080:8080

4.测试

root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu/workspace/openvidu/openvidu-server/deployments/ce/docker-compose# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                                 COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS                  PORTS                                       NAMES
f4469950da09   helloapp:v0                           "/bin/sh -c 'exec ja…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute       8080/tcp                                    awesome_brown


root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu/workspace/openvidu/openvidu-server/deployments/ce/docker-compose# docker exec -it f4469950da09 /bin/sh
/ # 

成功进入容器中

使用docker-compose批量（一次多个镜像）部署运行docker镜像

1.查看docker版本

root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu/workspace/openvidu/openvidu-server/deployments/ce/docker-compose# docker --version
Docker version 20.10.6, build 370c289

我的docker版本为20.10.6，使用docker-compose3.8的规范

下表显示了哪些Compose文件版本支持特定的Docker版本。

Compose 文件规范	Docker Engine版本
Compose规格	19.03.0+
3.8	19.03.0+
3.7	18.06.0+
3.6	18.02.0+
3.5	17.12.0+
3.4	17.09.0+
3.3	17.06.0+
3.2	17.04.0+
3.1	1.13.1+
3.0	1.13.0+
2.4	17.12.0+
2.3	17.06.0+
2.2	1.13.0+
2.1	1.12.0+
2.0	1.10.0+
1.0	1.9.1。+

https://docs.docker.com/compose/compose-file/#compose-and-docker-compatibility-matrix

2.编写docker-compose.yml文件

version: "3.8"
services:
  hahademo:
    build: .
    image: hahademo:v0
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"

• version：指定 docker-compose.yml 文件的写法格式

• services：多个容器集合

• build：配置构建时，Compose 会利用它自动构建镜像，该值可以是一个路径，也可以是一个对象，用于指定 Dockerfile 参数

• image：指定服务所使用的镜像

• environment：环境变量配置，可以用数组或字典两种方式

• env_file：从文件中获取环境变量，可以指定一个文件路径或路径列表，其优先级低于 environment 指定的环境变量

• ports：对外暴露的端口定义，和 expose 对应 - “宿主机端口:容器暴露端口”

• context：包含Dockerfile文件的目录路径，或者是git仓库的URL。
  当提供的值是相对路径时，它被解释为相对于当前compose文件的位置。 该目录也是发送到Docker守护程序构建镜像的上下文。

• 例如：

  version: "3.3"
  services:
    appdemo:
      build:
        dockerfile: Dockerfile-java
        context: .
      image: myapp:v1
      ports:
        - "8080:8080"
      depends_on:
        - db
        - redis
    redis:
      image: redis
    db:
      image: postgres
  
  

3.构建新镜像

docker-compose的工作流程就是：当你改变本地代码之后，先执行docker-compose build构建新的镜像，然后执行docker-compose up -d取代运行中的容器

root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu/workspace/mySpringBoot# docker-compose build
Building hahademo
Sending build context to Docker daemon  31.24MB
Step 1/6 : FROM openjdk:8-jdk-alpine
 ---> a3562aa0b991
Step 2/6 : VOLUME /tmp
 ---> Using cache
 ---> d91d8d4e471c
Step 3/6 : EXPOSE 8080
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 81f16a49e077
Step 4/6 : ADD target/prolikeService.jar helloapp.jar
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 211c53bc141b
Step 5/6 : ENV JAVA_OPTS="-Dserver.port=8080"
 ---> Using cache
 ---> dd54a526601c
Step 6/6 : ENTRYPOINT exec java $JAVA_OPTS -jar /helloapp.jar
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 104a17e73ca9
Successfully built 104a17e73ca9
Successfully tagged hahademo:v0

4.运行新镜像

root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu/workspace/mySpringBoot# docker-compose up
Creating network "myspringboot_default" with the default driver
Creating myspringboot_hahademo_1 ... done
Attaching to myspringboot_hahademo_1
hahademo_1  | Jerry Arguments:[]
hahademo_1  | 
hahademo_1  |   .   ____          _            __ _ _
hahademo_1  |  /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
hahademo_1  | ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
hahademo_1  |  \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
hahademo_1  |   '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
hahademo_1  |  =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
hahademo_1  |  :: Spring Boot ::        (v1.5.9.RELEASE)
hahademo_1  | 
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:05.840  INFO 1 --- [           main] c.s.prolikeService.PromoLikeApplication  : Starting PromoLikeApplication v0.0.1-SNAPSHOT on d1516e2cf9a9 with PID 1 (/helloapp.jar started by root in /)
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:05.853  INFO 1 --- [           main] c.s.prolikeService.PromoLikeApplication  : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:06.014  INFO 1 --- [           main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@6e5e91e4: startup date [Tue Apr 27 10:37:05 GMT 2021]; root of context hierarchy
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:08.226  INFO 1 --- [           main] .s.d.r.c.RepositoryConfigurationDelegate : Multiple Spring Data modules found, entering strict repository configuration mode!
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:09.796  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:09.826  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService   : Starting service [Tomcat]
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:09.840  INFO 1 --- [           main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine  : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.23
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:10.066  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/]       : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:10.067  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 4071 ms
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:10.379  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean  : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:10.388  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:10.391  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:10.392  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*]
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:10.392  INFO 1 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean   : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:11.375  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/product],methods=[GET]}" onto public java.lang.String com.sap.prolikeService.api.CommerceController.getProductDetail()
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:11.383  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/swagger-resources/configuration/ui]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<springfox.documentation.swagger.web.UiConfiguration> springfox.documentation.swagger.web.ApiResourceController.uiConfiguration()
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:11.385  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/swagger-resources]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.List<springfox.documentation.swagger.web.SwaggerResource>> springfox.documentation.swagger.web.ApiResourceController.swaggerResources()
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:11.386  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/swagger-resources/configuration/security]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<springfox.documentation.swagger.web.SecurityConfiguration> springfox.documentation.swagger.web.ApiResourceController.securityConfiguration()
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:11.391  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:11.392  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:11.671  INFO 1 --- [           main] pertySourcedRequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/v2/api-docs] onto method [public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<springfox.documentation.spring.web.json.Json> springfox.documentation.swagger2.web.Swagger2Controller.getDocumentation(java.lang.String,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)]
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:13.987  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@6e5e91e4: startup date [Tue Apr 27 10:37:05 GMT 2021]; root of context hierarchy
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:14.264  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:14.266  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:14.790  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping  : Mapped URL path [/**/favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:15.693  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter        : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:15.710  INFO 1 --- [           main] o.s.c.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor  : Starting beans in phase 2147483647
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:15.711  INFO 1 --- [           main] d.s.w.p.DocumentationPluginsBootstrapper : Context refreshed
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:15.773  INFO 1 --- [           main] d.s.w.p.DocumentationPluginsBootstrapper : Found 1 custom documentation plugin(s)
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:15.850  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.d.s.w.s.ApiListingReferenceScanner     : Scanning for api listing references
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:16.501  INFO 1 --- [           main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)
hahademo_1  | 2021-04-27 10:37:16.512  INFO 1 --- [           main] c.s.prolikeService.PromoLikeApplication  : Started PromoLikeApplication in 11.391 seconds (JVM running for 12.36)

5.测试

root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu/workspace/openvidu/openvidu-server/deployments/ce/docker-compose# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE                                 COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                  PORTS                                       NAMES
d1516e2cf9a9   hahademo:v0                           "/bin/sh -c 'exec ja…"   52 seconds ago   Up 48 seconds           0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, :::8080->8080/tcp   myspringboot_hahademo_1
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu/workspace/openvidu/openvidu-server/deployments/ce/docker-compose# docker exec -it d1516e2cf9a9 bash
OCI runtime exec failed: exec failed: container_linux.go:367: starting container process caused: exec: "bash": executable file not found in $PATH: unknown
root@ubuntu:/home/ubuntu/workspace/openvidu/openvidu-server/deployments/ce/docker-compose# docker exec -it d1516e2cf9a9 /bin/sh
/ # ls
bin           etc           home          log           mnt           proc          run           srv           tmp           var
dev           helloapp.jar  lib           media         opt           root          sbin          sys           usr
/ # cd /tmp
/tmp # ls
hsperfdata_root                          tomcat-docbase.8685759694091729018.8080  tomcat.7252619699602794711.8080
/tmp # 

完整的例子包含：Dockerfile和docker-compose.yml可下载：https://download.csdn.net/download/level_Tiller/18275295