mysql 安装

全新以最小化包安装了64位的CentOS6.3系统，作为本地的Web服务器使用，现记录全过程

第六步，安装mysql5.5数据库v5.5.28

mysql从5.5版本开始，不再使用./configure编译，而是使用cmake编译器，具体的cmake编译参数可以参考mysql官网文档(※ 非常重要)

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/source-configuration-options.html

mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz源码包下载地址：

http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz

我的mysql目录配置如下：

安装路径：/usr/local/mysql

数据库路径：/data/mysql

源码包存放位置：/usr/software

准备工作：安装基本依赖包，先用yum安装cmake 、automake 、autoconf ，另 MySQL 5.5.x需要最少安装的包有：bison,gcc、gcc-c++ 、 ncurses-devel

[root@localhost ~]# yum install cmake make -y

[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf bison automake zlib* fiex* libxml* ncurses-devel libmcrypt* libtool-ltdl-devel* -y

[root@localhost ~]# cp /root/mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz /usr/software/

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/software

开始编译安装

[root@localhost ~]#tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz

[root@localhost ~]# cd mysql-5.5.28

[root@localhost ~]#cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock \

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \

-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk \

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_READLINE=1 \

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/ \

-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \

-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306

[root@localhost ~]# make && make install

mysql官网英文文档简单翻译说明一下

The MyISAM, MERGE, MEMORY, and CSV engines are mandatory (always compiled into the server) and need not be installed explicitly.（说明：mysql默认支持的数据库引擎有MyISAM, MERGE, MEMORY, CSV，无需在编译时再声明）

所以上面的编译条件省掉了如下两行

-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

但INNODB一定要声明式安装，所以多了这一行

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

查看mysql.mysql的用户及组是否存在

不OK就执行以下两行命令（否则跳过这一步）

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql #添加mysql用户组
[root@localhost ~]# useradd mysql -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin #

添加mysql用户

以下带红色字体的命令非常非常，必须要执行

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql.mysql -R . #将mysql目录赋予mysql用户的执行权限
[root@localhost ~]# chown mysql.mysql -R /data/mysql

[root@localhost ~]# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf #mysql配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 scripts/mysql_install_db #赋予mysql_install_db执行权限

以下命令为mysql 启动及自启动配置
[root@localhost ~]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/

[root@localhost ~]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

查看mysqld服务是否设置为开机启动

[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list|grep mysqld

设置为开机启动

[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysqld on

启动mysql数据库，会输出一系列有用的信息，告诉你接下去如何初始化mysql

[root@centos mysql]# service mysqld start
初始化 MySQL 数据库： Installing MySQL system tables...
OK
Filling help tables...
OK

To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h centos.huoba password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl

Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!

按照上述英文，我们来初始化管理员root的密码

[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'yourpassword'

众所周知，mysql有两种帐号类型，即localhost和%，前者限本机连接mysql，后者可用于其它机器远程连接mysql

最后，处理帐号登录问题，让root帐号密码可以本地和远程连接使用
[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/mysql//mysql -u root -p #敲入该命令后，屏幕会提示输入密码，输入上一步设置的yourpassword
删除root密码为空的记录
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> delete from user where password='';
mysql> flush privileges;

配置mysql允许root远程登录 #登录

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by "root";

mysql> flush privileges;

mysql> select User,Password,Host from user;

上述命令如果执行成功，结果应该如下图：

mysql> quit

至此，mysql安装已经全部结束，正面我们来配置phpMyAdmin，这个是mysql最流行的管理工具，类似sql server的企业管理器

 

 

 

 

yum install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel  curl curl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel  freetype-devel gmp-devel  ncurses ncurses-devel unixODBC-devel openldap openldap-devel -y

yum install cmake make -y

yum install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf bison automake zlib* fiex* libxml* ncurses-devel libmcrypt* libtool-ltdl-devel* -y

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/home/data/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/home/data/mysql/ \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \

make && make install

cd /usr/local/mysql
chown mysql.mysql -R .
chown mysql.mysql -R /home/data/mysql
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

chmod 755 scripts/mysql_install_db

scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/home/data/mysql/
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --list|grep mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on