解析XML时DTD的处理--解析时忽略，生成XML文件时加上

一、解析XML文件时，遇到DTD的定义要怎么办？

 

    下面这段代码是ibatis配置文件，用w3c Dom(其实任意一种解析方式都是这样)都会从http://www.ibatis.com/dtd/sql-map-config-2.dtd  这 个地址找对应的DTD文件进行校验，如果因特网上这个地址不存在的话，就会报 java.net.ConnectException: Connection timed out: connect  。

 

 

Xml代码

1. <? xml   version = "1.0"   encoding = "UTF-8" ?>   
2. <!DOCTYPE sqlMapConfig PUBLIC "-//iBATIS.com//DTD SQL Map Config 2.0//EN" "http://www.ibatis.com/dtd/sql-map-config-2.dtd">   
3. < sqlMapConfig >   
4. < settings   useStatementNamespaces = "true" />   
5. <!--防止空SqlMap报错 by zhangbo start -->   
6. < sqlMap   resource = "ibatis/project/project-blank.xml" />   
7.   
8. < sqlMap   resource = "ibatis/project/user-mapping.xml" />   
9. </ sqlMapConfig >   

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE sqlMapConfig PUBLIC "-//iBATIS.com//DTD SQL Map Config 2.0//EN" "http://www.ibatis.com/dtd/sql-map-config-2.dtd">
<sqlMapConfig>
<settings useStatementNamespaces="true"/>
<!--防止空SqlMap报错 by zhangbo start -->
<sqlMap resource="ibatis/project/project-blank.xml"/>

<sqlMap resource="ibatis/project/user-mapping.xml"/>
</sqlMapConfig>

 

   遇到这种问题可以有两种解析方式，第一把DTD下载的本地，指定从本地加载DTD文件；另一种，干脆忽略DTD文件。

这两种方式都是以重新构建实体的解析器(EntityResolver)为基础解决方案的，重新构建实体解析器而不是使用默认的实体解析器，因为默 认的解析器会根据实际的url进行读取，下面是一段如何来解析上面提到的配置文件，两种方式都有标注

 

 

Java代码

1. public   void  addToIbatisTotleConfig() {  
2.         try  {  
3.             DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory  
4.                     .newInstance();  
5.               
6.             factory.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true );  
7.             DocumentBuilder db = factory.newDocumentBuilder();            
8.             db.setEntityResolver(new  EntityResolver(){  
9.             public  InputSource resolveEntity(String publicId, String systemId)  throws  SAXException, IOException {                  
10.                            if (publicId.equals( "-//iBATIS.com//DTD SQL Map Config 2.0//EN" )){  
11.                               //这是第一种方式，即忽略DTD，新建一个默认的空XML来代替   
12.                                return   new  InputSource( new  ByteArrayInputStream( "<?xml version='1.0' encoding='GBK'?>" .getBytes()));  
13.                                //这是第二种方式，即指定本地的DTD文件，当然，这种方式需要把XML文件下载到本地，放入对应的目录中   
14.                               // InputStream dtd_stream = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("..//dtd/sql-map-config-2.dtd");   
15.                               //    return new InputSource(dtd_stream);   
16.   
17.                            }                            
18.                     return   null ;  
19.                 }});  
20.             String ibatisTotalConfigFileName = ctx.getIbatisTotalConfigFile();  
21.             File ibatisTotalConfigFile = new  File(ibatisTotalConfigFileName);  
22.             Document xmldoc = db.parse("file://localhost//" +ibatisTotalConfigFileName);  
23.             Element root = xmldoc.getDocumentElement();  
24.             } catch  (Exception e) {  
25.             e.printStackTrace();  
26.         }  
27.     }  

public void addToIbatisTotleConfig() {
		try {
			DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory
					.newInstance();
			
			factory.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true);
			DocumentBuilder db = factory.newDocumentBuilder();			
			db.setEntityResolver(new EntityResolver(){
			public InputSource resolveEntity(String publicId, String systemId) throws SAXException, IOException {				 
				           if(publicId.equals("-//iBATIS.com//DTD SQL Map Config 2.0//EN")){
				        	  //这是第一种方式，即忽略DTD，新建一个默认的空XML来代替
				        	   return new InputSource(new ByteArrayInputStream("<?xml version='1.0' encoding='GBK'?>".getBytes()));
				        	   //这是第二种方式，即指定本地的DTD文件，当然，这种方式需要把XML文件下载到本地，放入对应的目录中
				        	  // InputStream dtd_stream = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("..//dtd/sql-map-config-2.dtd");
				        	  //    return new InputSource(dtd_stream);

				           }				          
					return null;
				}});
			String ibatisTotalConfigFileName = ctx.getIbatisTotalConfigFile();
			File ibatisTotalConfigFile = new File(ibatisTotalConfigFileName);
			Document xmldoc = db.parse("file://localhost//"+ibatisTotalConfigFileName);
			Element root = xmldoc.getDocumentElement();
			} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}

 

 

二、使用W3CDom编辑完上面的XML文件，把document转换为XML文件的时候，DTD定义会丢失，如果要加上，要怎么办？

       加DTD定义时，要在转换器中操作，重点使用这个两句代码：

Java代码

1. transformer.setOutputProperty(javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_PUBLIC, doc.getDoctype().getPublicId());    
2.           transformer.setOutputProperty(javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_SYSTEM, doc.getDoctype().getSystemId());  

   transformer.setOutputProperty(javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_PUBLIC, doc.getDoctype().getPublicId());  
	            transformer.setOutputProperty(javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_SYSTEM, doc.getDoctype().getSystemId());

 

DTD定义的值在document对象中是有的，你可以直接输出，也可以改变。

下面是我的实际应用

 

Java代码

1. import  java.io.File;  
2. import  java.io.FileNotFoundException;  
3. import  java.io.FileOutputStream;  
4.   
5. import  javax.xml.transform.Transformer;  
6. import  javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;  
7. import  javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;  
8. import  javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;  
9. import  javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;  
10. import  javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;  
11. import  javax.xml.xpath.XPath;  
12. import  javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;  
13. import  javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;  
14. import  javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;  
15.   
16. import  org.w3c.dom.Document;  
17. import  org.w3c.dom.Node;       
18.   
19.   
20.   
21. public   static   void  saveXml(String fileName, Document doc) { // 将Document输出到文件      
22.             TransformerFactory transFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();     
23.             try  {     
24.                 Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer();     
25.                 transformer.setOutputProperty("indent" ,  "yes" );     
26.         
27.                 DOMSource source = new  DOMSource();     
28.                 source.setNode(doc);    
29.                 System.out.println(doc.getDoctype().getPublicId());  
30.                    
31.                 transformer.setOutputProperty(javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_PUBLIC, doc.getDoctype().getPublicId());    
32.                 transformer.setOutputProperty(javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_SYSTEM, doc.getDoctype().getSystemId());  
33.                 StreamResult result = new  StreamResult();     
34.                 result.setOutputStream(new  FileOutputStream(fileName));     
35.         
36.                 transformer.transform(source, result);     
37.             } catch  (TransformerConfigurationException e) {     
38.                 e.printStackTrace();     
39.             } catch  (TransformerException e) {     
40.                 e.printStackTrace();     
41.             } catch  (FileNotFoundException e) {     
42.                 e.printStackTrace();     
43.             }     
44.         }   

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;	 



public static void saveXml(String fileName, Document doc) {// 将Document输出到文件   
	        TransformerFactory transFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();   
	        try {   
	            Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer();   
	            transformer.setOutputProperty("indent", "yes");   
	  
	            DOMSource source = new DOMSource();   
	            source.setNode(doc);  
	            System.out.println(doc.getDoctype().getPublicId());
	             
	            transformer.setOutputProperty(javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_PUBLIC, doc.getDoctype().getPublicId());  
	            transformer.setOutputProperty(javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_SYSTEM, doc.getDoctype().getSystemId());
	            StreamResult result = new StreamResult();   
	            result.setOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(fileName));   
	  
	            transformer.transform(source, result);   
	        } catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {   
	            e.printStackTrace();   
	        } catch (TransformerException e) {   
	            e.printStackTrace();   
	        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {   
	            e.printStackTrace();   
	        }   
	    }