【string总结之一】C语言strtol函数

C语言string的几个函数虽然比较简单, 但是还是想总结在这里, 以免每次用到都要去查一下

strtol，strstr，strcat/strncat，strcpy/strncpy，strcmp/strncmp

1.strtol

【头文件与函数原型】:

#include <stdlib.h>

long int strtol(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base);

【函数功能】:

把nptr中的字符串按照base指定的进制转换规则转换成long int数值，遇到base规则之外的字符停止，并把它的地址赋给*endptr

也可以将endptr赋值为NULL，表示不关心非法字符是什么

【参考博客】:

博客中记录了一些更详细的的注意事项

https://blog.csdn.net/zxx2096/article/details/81127858

【栗子】

root@ubuntu:/lianxi/lianxi_oj/string# gcc strtol.c
root@ubuntu:/lianxi/lianxi_oj/string# ./a.out
test1, ret = 1
ilegal:2345abc

test2, ret = 305420988
ilegal:G

test3, ret = 305420988
root@ubuntu:/lianxi/lianxi_oj/string# 

  1 #include <stdio.h>
  2 #include <stdlib.h>
  3 
  4 int main(int argc, char* argv[])
  5 {
  6     long int ret = 0;
  7     char* stop = NULL;
  8 
  9     char a[20] = "012345abc";
 10     char b[20] = "012345ABCG";
 11     char c[20] = "012345ABCG";
 12     ret = strtol(a, &stop, 2);//ASCII '0','1'
 13     printf("test1, ret = %ld\n", ret);
 14     printf("ilegal:%s\n", stop);
 15     putchar(10);
 16 
 17     ret = strtol(b, &stop, 16);//ASCII '0'~'F'
 18     printf("test2, ret = %ld\n", ret);
 19     printf("ilegal:%s\n", stop);
 20     putchar(10);
 21 
 22     ret = strtol(c, NULL, 16);//ASCII '0'~'F'
 23     printf("test3, ret = %ld\n", ret);
 24     return (0);
 25 }