一个完整个对象-模型映射,一定少不了对验证的支持。
jaxb当然也支持验证,分为两个部分:marshall和unmarshall。
一、unmarshall端
unmarshall是从xml到java对象的过程,因此验证的是这个xml文件是不是有效的,要在unmarshall端使用验证非常简单:
- Unmarshaller unmarshaller = jaxbContext.createUnmarshaller();
- unmarshaller.setSchema(SchemaFactory.newInstance(
- XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI).newSchema(
- new File("students.xsd")));
从jaxb2.0开始,通过调用方法setSchema()的方式来指定验证,在2.0以前的版本里,通过调用setValidating()方法来指定验证:
- unmarshaller.setValidating(true)
验证信息可以是一个schema文件,也可以是一个dtd文件(如果支持的话),要使用dtd的验证,则代码大致为:
- Unmarshaller unmarshaller = jaxbContext.createUnmarshaller();
- unmarshaller.setSchema(SchemaFactory.newInstance(
- XMLConstants.RELAXNG_NS_URI).newSchema(
- new File("students.dtd")));
一旦设置了验证信息,在进行unmarshell的时候,jaxb就会对读入的xml文件进行验证,例如有schema文件:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:tns="http://www.liulutu.com/students/"
- targetNamespace="http://www.liulutu.com/students/">
- <element name="students">
- <complexType>
- <sequence>
- <element name="student" type="tns:StudentType" maxOccurs="unbounded" />
- </sequence>
- </complexType>
- </element>
- <simpleType name="SexType">
- <restriction base="string">
- <enumeration value="Male"></enumeration>
- <enumeration value="Female"></enumeration>
- </restriction>
- </simpleType>
- <complexType name="StudentType">
- <attribute name="sex" type="tns:SexType"></attribute>
- <attribute name="name" type="string"></attribute>
- </complexType>
- </schema>
和符合这个schema的一个xml文件:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
- <ns2:students xmlns:ns2="http://www.liulutu.com/students/">
- </ns2:students>
如果指定了需要验证,当根据上面的schema读入些xml时,就会抛出一个验证失败异常:
- [org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-complex-type.2.4.b: The content of element 'ns2:students' is not complete. One of '{student}' is expected.]
- at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.createUnmarshalException(Unknown Source)
- at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.createUnmarshalException(Unknown Source)
- at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal0(Unknown Source)
- at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.unmarshaller.UnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(Unknown Source)
- at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(Unknown Source)
- at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(Unknown Source)
- at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(Unknown Source)
- at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractUnmarshallerImpl.unmarshal(Unknown Source)
注:需要在unmarshall.unmarshall()方法调用之前设置验证信息。
二、marshall端
jaxb2.0中,marshall和unmarshall的验证设置是一样的:
- ObjectFactory factory = new ObjectFactory();
- Students students = factory.createStudents();
- Marshaller marshaller = jaxbContext.createMarshaller();
- marshaller.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, true);
- marshaller.setSchema(SchemaFactory.newInstance(
- XMLConstants.W3C_XML_SCHEMA_NS_URI).newSchema(
- new File("students.xsd")));
- marshaller.marshal(students, new File("a.xml"));
和上面一样,会得到一个异常信息:
- [org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-complex-type.2.4.b: The content of element 'ns2:students' is not complete. One of '{student}' is expected.]
- at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.MarshallerImpl.write(Unknown Source)
- at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.MarshallerImpl.marshal(Unknown Source)
- at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractMarshallerImpl.marshal(Unknown Source)
如果使用jaxb2.0之前的版本,则验证方式如下:
- Validator validator = jaxbContext.createValidator();
- validator.validate(students);