要使用Spring JPA,首先就得配置依赖包,Spring的版本为3.2.3.RELEASE(使用低版本可能只支持JPA1.X标准),JPA只是一个标准,Hibernate是一个优秀的实现,就用它吧。
首先,建一个maven项目,就叫jpa吧,注意类型为pom,然后添加两个module:jpa-core,jpa-dao。jpa-dao依赖jpa-core。
jpa下的pom.xml配置依赖包,这样两个项目jpa-core及jpa-dao都会自动依赖父项目的依赖。maven里依赖是会传递的。
<properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <org.springframework.version>3.2.3.RELEASE</org.springframework.version> <poi.version>3.8</poi.version> </properties> <repositories> <repository> <id>spring-milestone</id> <url>http://repo.springsource.org/libs-milestone</url> </repository> </repositories> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.jayway.jsonpath</groupId> <artifactId>json-path</artifactId> <version>0.8.1</version> </dependency> <!-- log --> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.6.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.6.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.16</version> </dependency> <!-- log --> <!-- 测试用 junit4 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.11</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- 测试用 junit4 --> <!-- mysql driver --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.25</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql driver --> <!-- datasoure pool --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-pool</groupId> <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId> <version>1.5.4</version> </dependency> <!-- datasoure pool --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.6.11</version> </dependency> <!-- cglib --> <dependency> <groupId>cglib</groupId> <artifactId>cglib</artifactId> <version>2.2.2</version> </dependency> <!-- cglib --> <!-- Spring --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- Spring --> <!-- JPA --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.1-api</artifactId> <version>1.0.0.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>xom</groupId> <artifactId>xom</artifactId> <version>1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> <artifactId>spring-data-commons</artifactId> <version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId> <version>1.3.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> <version>4.2.4.Final</version> </dependency> <!-- JPA --> </dependencies>
JPA有1.X版本和2.X版本的区别,依赖包千万不要用混了,不然各种奇怪的异常都会发生。
jpa-dao配置provider和受管控的Bean:
src/main/resources/META-INF/persistence.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" version="2.0"> <persistence-unit name="SimplePU" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"> <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider> <class>com.tipthink.model.User</class> </persistence-unit> </persistence>红色的是受管控的模型类,下一章会说到。
jpa-dao配置数据源properties文件src/main/resources/datasource.properties
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.11.148:3306/jpatest?autoReconnect=true
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=
jdbc.maxActive=50
jpa-dao的DAO配置:
src/main/resources/applicationContext-jpa.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.tipthink.dao" /> <!-- 定义受环境影响易变的变量 --> <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"> <property name="systemPropertiesModeName" value="SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_MODE_OVERRIDE" /> <property name="ignoreResourceNotFound" value="true" /> <property name="locations"> <list> <value>classpath*:/datasource.properties</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- DataSource数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <property name="maxActive" value="${jdbc.maxActive}" /> </bean> <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"> <constructor-arg ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" /> <property name="jpaDialect" ref="jpaDialect" /> </bean> <bean id="jpaDialect" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect"></bean> <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="SimplePU"/> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> <property name="jpaDialect" ref="jpaDialect" /> <property name="jpaVendorAdapter"> <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"> <property name="showSql" value="true"/> <property name="generateDdl" value="true"/> </bean> </property> </bean> <jpa:repositories base-package="com.tipthink.dao" entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory" transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager"/> </beans>使用Maven配置的,基于hibernate实现的Spring JPA环境就搭建好了。