使用kvm进行linux内核开发

参考链接:https://blog.nelhage.com/2013/12/lightweight-linux-kernel-development-with-kvm

1、内核编译

kernel: kernel-3.12

config: 从上述链接下载，去掉CONFIG_64BIT

make bzImage

2.创建磁盘disk

sudo debootstrap wheezy ./wheezyhttp://http.debian.net/debian/

        

//让root用户自动登录

sudosed -i '/^root/ { s/:x:/::/ }' wheezy/etc/passwd
 
mkfs.ext4 -F wheezy.img
sudo mkdir -p /mnt/wheezy
sudo mount -o loop wheezy.img /mnt/wheezy
sudo cp -a wheezy/. /mnt/wheezy/.
sudoumount /mnt/wheezy

3.      启动:

kvm-kernel arch/x86/boot/bzImage \
 -drive file=$HOME/vms/wheezy.img,if=virtio \
  -append root=/dev/vda

4.      配置网络

kvm[...]
 -net nic,model=virtio,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56 \
  -net user,hostfwd=tcp:127.0.0.1:4444-:22

         //能ssh VM通过 localhost:4444.

5.      去掉kvm的图形界面

kvm[...]
  -append 'root=/dev/vda console=hvc0' \
  -chardev stdio,id=stdio,mux=on,signal=off \
  -device virtio-serial-pci \
  -device virtconsole,chardev=stdio \
  -mon chardev=stdio \
  -display non

6.      内核调试

$ gdbvmlinux
(gdb)set architecture  i386:x86-64
(gdb)target remote :1234

能实现源码级内核调试。分析了下，主要在编译用的config中增加了调试信息。

·        CONFIG_DEBUG_KERNEL
·        CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO
·        CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_REDUCED

7.      Config文件的制作过程:

make allnoconfig

生成一个最小的config文件，之后添加了一些必要的配置项。

·        CONFIG_64BIT
·        CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD Forbooting test programs in an initrd.
·        CONFIG_BLK_DEV
·        CONGIG_BLK_DEV_RAM Requiredfor initrd
·        CONFIG_SMP Nearlyevery computer is SMP these days, so let's build for testing on SMP.
·        CONFIG_PCI Virtio allruns over fake PCI devices
·        CONFIG_ELF
·        CONFIG_BINFMT_SCRIPT We reallyneed ELF and shebang support.
·        CONFIG_IA32_EMULATION Optional,but being able to run 32-bit binaries can be useful for testing.
·        CONFIG_FILE_LOCKING dpkg and andmany other essential userspace tools need file locking.
·        CONFIG_NET
·        CONFIG_UNIX
·        CONFIG_PACKET dhclientneeds CONFIG_PACKET
·        CONFIG_INET TCP/IP
·        CONFIG_NETDEVICES
·        CONFIG_VIRTIO_NET
·        CONFIG_NET_9P Virtual 9Pnetworking device
·        CONFIG_VIRTIO_PCI Supportvirtio PCI devices
·        CONFIG_NET_9P_VIRTIO
·        CONFIG_9P_FS Support9P-based filesystem exports.
·        CONFIG_EXT4_FS
·        CONFIG_EXT4_USE_FOR_EXT23 ext2/3/4support for the root
·        CONFIG_TMPFS Needed forudev
·        CONFIG_INOTIFY_USER Needed forudev
·        CONFIG_VIRTIO_BLK Needed forthe virtio HDD
·        CONFIG_VIRTIO_CONSOLE Needed forthe virtio console
·        CONFIG_DEBUG_KERNEL
·        CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO
·        CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_REDUCED Build withdebug symbols; _REDUCED gives significantly better buildtimes, but still keeps key symbols around. Drop it if you're going to be doingserious kernel debugging.