Iterator 模式

 

//Aggregate.h   class Iterator;   typedefint Object;   class Interator;   class Aggregate {   public:         virtual~Aggregate();       virtual Iterator* CreateIterator()= 0;       virtual Object GetItem(int idx)= 0;       virtualint GetSize() = 0;   protected:            Aggregate();   };   class ConcreteAggregate:public Aggregate {   public:         enum {SIZE= 3};       ConcreteAggregate();       ~ConcreteAggregate();       Iterator* CreateIterator();       Object GetItem(int idx);       int GetSize();   private:       Object _objs[SIZE];   };

//Aggregate.cpp #include"Aggregate.h" #include"Iterator.h"   #include<iostream> usingnamespace std;   Aggregate::Aggregate() {   }   Aggregate::~Aggregate() {   }   ConcreteAggregate::ConcreteAggregate() {       for (int i= 0; i < SIZE; i++)           _objs[i]= i; }   ConcreteAggregate::~ConcreteAggregate() {   }   Iterator* ConcreteAggregate::CreateIterator() {         returnnew ConcreteIterator(this);   }   Object ConcreteAggregate::GetItem(int idx) {       if (idx< this->GetSize())           return _objs[idx];       else           return-1; }     int ConcreteAggregate::GetSize() {       return SIZE; }

 

//Iterator.h  class Aggregate;  typedefint Object;   class Iterator  {  public:       virtual~Iterator();        virtualvoid First() = 0;        virtualvoid Next() = 0;        virtualbool IsDone()   =0;        virtual Object CurrentItem()= 0;   protected:        Iterator(); };   class ConcreteIterator:public Iterator  {   public:        ConcreteIterator(Aggregate* ag ,int idx =0);        ~ConcreteIterator();        void First();        void Next();        bool IsDone();        Object CurrentItem();   private:        Aggregate* _ag;   int _idx; };

 

//Iterator.cpp   #include"Iterator.h" #include"Aggregate.h"   #include<iostream> usingnamespace std;   Iterator::Iterator() {   }   Iterator::~Iterator() {   }   ConcreteIterator::ConcreteIterator(Aggregate*ag ,int idx) {       this->_ag= ag;      this->_idx= idx; }   ConcreteIterator::~ConcreteIterator() {   }   Object ConcreteIterator::CurrentItem() {       return _ag->GetItem(_idx); }   void ConcreteIterator::First() {      _idx= 0; }   void ConcreteIterator::Next() {      if (_idx< _ag->GetSize())         _idx++; }   bool ConcreteIterator::IsDone() {     return (_idx== _ag->GetSize()); }

 

//main.cpp #include"Iterator.h" #include"Aggregate.h"   #include<iostream> usingnamespace std;     int main(int argc,char* argv[]) {       Aggregate* ag= new ConcreteAggregate();         Iterator* it= new ConcreteIterator(ag);       for (;!(it->IsDone()) ; it->Next())     {          cout<<it->CurrentItem()<<endl;     }            return0; }

代码说明

 

Iterator模式的实现代码很简单，实际上为了更好地保护 Aggregate的状态，我们可以尽量减小Aggregate的public接口，而通过将Iterator对象声明位Aggregate的友元来给予Iterator一些特权，获得访问 Aggregate 私有数据和方法的机会。

 

Iterator模式的应用很常见，我们在开发中就经常会用到 STL中预定义好的 Iterator来对STL类进行遍历（Vector、Set等）。