C语言字符串处理函数_字符串处理函数c语言不允许用函数名-CSDN博客

原文地址为： C语言字符串处理函数

函数名: strcpy
功能: 拷贝一个字符串到另一个
用法: char *stpcpy(char *destin, char *source);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char string[10];
   char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
   stpcpy(string, str1);
   printf("%sn", string);
   return 0;
}


函数名: strcat
功能: 字符串拼接函数
用法: char *strcat(char *destin, char *source);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char destination[25];
   char *blank = " ", *c = "C++", *Borland = "Borland";
   strcpy(destination, Borland);
   strcat(destination, blank);
   strcat(destination, c);
   printf("%sn", destination);
   return 0;
}


函数名: strchr
功能: 在一个串中查找给定字符的第一个匹配之处
用法: char *strchr(char *str, char c);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
    char string[15];
    char *ptr, c = 'r';
    strcpy(string, "This is a string");
    ptr = strchr(string, c);
    if (ptr)
       printf("The character %c is at position: %dn", c, ptr-string);
    else
       printf("The character was not foundn");
    return 0;
}


函数名: strcmp
功能: 串比较
用法: int strcmp(char *str1, char *str2);
看Asic码，str1>str2，返回值 > 0；两串相等，返回0
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
    char *buf1 = "aaa", *buf2 = "bbb", *buf3 = "ccc";
    int ptr;
    ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf1);
    if (ptr > 0)
       printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");
    else
       printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");
    ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf3);
    if (ptr > 0)
       printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3n");
    else
       printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3n");
    return 0;
}


函数名: strncmpi
功能: 将一个串中的一部分与另一个串比较, 不管大小写
用法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
   int ptr;
   ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");
   if (ptr < 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");
   if (ptr == 0)
      printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1n");
   return 0;
}


函数名: strcpy
功能: 串拷贝
用法: char *strcpy(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
    char string[10];
    char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
    strcpy(string, str1);
    printf("%sn", string);
    return 0;
}


函数名: strcspn
功能: 在串中查找第一个给定字符集内容的段
用法: int strcspn(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
int main(void)
{
    char *string1 = "1234567890";
    char *string2 = "747DC8";
    int length;
    length = strcspn(string1, string2);
    printf("Character where strings intersect is at position %dn", length);
    return 0;
}


函数名: strdup
功能: 将串拷贝到新建的位置处
用法: char *strdup(char *str);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
int main(void)
{
    char *dup_str, *string = "abcde";
    dup_str = strdup(string);
    printf("%sn", dup_str);
    free(dup_str);
    return 0;
}

函数名: strcmp
功能: 比较字符串str1和str2。
用法: int strcmp(char *str1, char *str2);
说明: 当s1<s2时，返回值<0 　　
           当s1=s2时，返回值=0 　　
           当s1>s2时，返回值>0 　　
           即：两个字符串自左向右逐个字符相比（按ASCII值大小相比较），直到出现不同的字符或遇'\0'为止。
程序例:
#include<stdio.h> 　　
#include<string.h> 　　
void main() 　　
{ 　　
    char string[20]; 　　
    char str[3][20]; 　　
    int i; 　　
    for(i=0;i<3;i++) 　　
    gets(str[i]); 　　
    if(strcmp(str[0],str[1])>0) 　　
    strcpy(string,str[0]); 　　
    else 　　
    strcpy(string,str[1]); 　　
    if(strcmp(str[2],string)>0) 　　
    strcpy(string,str[2]); 　　
    printf("\nThe largest string is %s\n",string); 　　
}


函数名: stricmp
功能: 以大小写不敏感方式比较两个串
用法: int stricmp(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
   int ptr;
   ptr = stricmp(buf2, buf1);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");
   if (ptr < 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");
   if (ptr == 0)
      printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1n");
   return 0;
}


函数名: strerror
功能: 返回指向错误信息字符串的指针
用法: char *strerror(int errnum);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buffer;
   buffer = strerror(errno);
   printf("Error: %sn", buffer);
   return 0;
}


函数名: strcmpi
功能: 将一个串与另一个比较, 不管大小写
用法: int strcmpi(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";
   int ptr;
   ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");
   if (ptr < 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");
   if (ptr == 0)
      printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1n");
   return 0;
}


函数名: strncmp
功能: 串比较
用法: int strncmp(char *str1, char *str2, int maxlen);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buf1 = "aaabbb", *buf2 = "bbbccc", *buf3 = "ccc";
   int ptr;
   ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf1,3);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");
   else
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");
   ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf3,3);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3n");
   else
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3n");
   return(0);
}


函数名: strncmpi
功能: 把串中的一部分与另一串中的一部分比较, 不管大小写
用法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";
   int ptr;
   ptr = strncmpi(buf2,buf1,3);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");
   if (ptr < 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");
   if (ptr == 0)
      printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1n");
   return 0;
}


函数名: strncpy
功能: 串拷贝
用法: char *strncpy(char *destin, char *source, int maxlen);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char string[10];
   char *str1 = "abcdefghi";
   strncpy(string, str1, 3);
   string[3] = '';
   printf("%sn", string);
   return 0;
}


函数名: strnicmp
功能: 不注重大小写地比较两个串
用法: int strnicmp(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";
   int ptr;
   ptr = strnicmp(buf2, buf1, 3);
   if (ptr > 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");
   if (ptr < 0)
      printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");
   if (ptr == 0)
      printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1n");
   return 0;
}


函数名: strnset
功能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符
用法: char *strnset(char *str, char ch, unsigned n);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
   char letter = 'x';
   printf("string before strnset: %sn", string);
   strnset(string, letter, 13);
   printf("string after strnset: %sn", string);
   return 0;
}


函数名: strpbrk
功能: 在串中查找给定字符集中的字符
用法: char *strpbrk(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *string1 = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
   char *string2 = "onm";
   char *ptr;
   ptr = strpbrk(string1, string2);
   if (ptr)
      printf("strpbrk found first character: %cn", *ptr);
   else
      printf("strpbrk didn't find character in setn");
   return 0;
}


函数名: strrchr
功能: 在串中查找指定字符的最后一个出现
用法: char *strrchr(char *str, char c);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char string[15];
   char *ptr, c = 'r';
   strcpy(string, "This is a string");
   ptr = strrchr(string, c);
   if (ptr)
      printf("The character %c is at position: %dn", c, ptr-string);
   else
      printf("The character was not foundn");
   return 0;
}


函数名: strrev
功能: 串倒转
用法: char *strrev(char *str);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *forward = "string";
   printf("Before strrev(): %sn", forward);
   strrev(forward);
   printf("After strrev(): %sn", forward);
   return 0;
}

函数名: strset
功能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符
用法: char *strset(char *str, char c);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char string[10] = "123456789";
   char symbol = 'c';
   printf("Before strset(): %sn", string);
   strset(string, symbol);
   printf("After strset(): %sn", string);
   return 0;
}



函数名: strspn
功能: 在串中查找指定字符集的子集的第一次出现
用法: int strspn(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <alloc.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *string1 = "1234567890";
   char *string2 = "123DC8";
   int length;
   length = strspn(string1, string2);
   printf("Character where strings differ is at position %dn", length);
   return 0;
}


函数名: strstr
功能: 在串中查找指定字符串的第一次出现
用法: char *strstr(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *str1 = "Borland International", *str2 = "nation", *ptr;
   ptr = strstr(str1, str2);
   printf("The substring is: %sn", ptr);
   return 0;
}


函数名: strtod
功能: 将字符串转换为double型值
用法: double strtod(char *str, char **endptr);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
   char input[80], *endptr;
   double value;
   printf("Enter a floating point number:");
   gets(input);
   value = strtod(input, &endptr);
   printf("The string is %s the number is %lfn", input, value);
   return 0;
}

函数名: strsep
功能: 分解字符串为一组字符串。从str1指向的位置起向后扫描，遇到delim指向位置的字符后，将此字符替换为NULL，返回str1指向的地址。
用法: char *strtok(char **str1, const char *delim);
程序例:
int main() 　　
{ 　
　int len, nel; 　
　char query[] ="user_command=appleboy&test=1&test2=2"; 　
　char *q, *name, *value; 　　/* Parse into individualassignments */ 　
　q = query; 　　fprintf(stderr, "CGI[query string] : %s\n",query); 　
　len = strlen(query); 　
　nel = 1; 　
　while (strsep(&q, "&")) 　
　nel++; 　
　fprintf(stderr, "CGI[nel string] : %d\n", nel); 　
　for (q = query; q< (query + len);)
   { 　
　    value = name = q; 　　/* Skip to next assignment */
　　fprintf(stderr, "CGI[string] :%s\n", q);
　　fprintf(stderr, "CGI[stringlen] : %d\n", strlen(q));
　　fprintf(stderr, "CGI[address] :%x\n", q);
　　for (q += strlen(q); q < (query +len) && !*q; q++); 　　/* Assign variable */
　　name = strsep(&value,"=");
　　fprintf(stderr, "CGI[name ] :%s\n", name);
　　fprintf(stderr, "CGI[value] :%s\n", value);
　} 　
　return 0; 　　
}


函数名: strtok
功能: 查找由在第二个串中指定的分界符分隔开的单词
用法: char *strtok(char *str1, char *str2);
程序例:
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char input[16] = "abc,d";
   char *p;
   /* strtok places a NULL terminator
   in front of the token, if found */
   p = strtok(input, ",");
   if (p)   printf("%sn", p);
   /* A second call to strtok using a NULL
   as the first parameter returns a pointer
   to the character following the token */
   p = strtok(NULL, ",");
   if (p)   printf("%sn", p);
   return 0;
}


函数名: strtol
功能: 将串转换为长整数
用法: long strtol(char *str, char **endptr, int base);
程序例:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *string = "87654321", *endptr;
   long lnumber;
   /* strtol converts string to long integer */
   lnumber = strtol(string, &endptr, 10);
   printf("string = %s long = %ldn", string, lnumber);
   return 0;
}

函数名: strupr
功能: 将串中的小写字母转换为大写字母
用法: char *strupr(char *str);
程序例:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main(void)
{
   char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", *ptr;
   /* converts string to upper case characters */
   ptr = strupr(string);
   printf("%sn", ptr);
   return 0;
}


函数名: swab
功能: 交换字节
用法: void swab (char *from, char *to, int nbytes);
程序例:
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
char source[15] = "rFna koBlrna d";
char target[15];
int main(void)
{
   swab(source, target, strlen(source));
   printf("This is target: %sn", target);
   return 0;
}

PS:isalpha()是字符函数，不是字符串函数，

isalpha


原型：extern int isalpha(int c);

用法：#include <ctype.h>

功能：判断字符c是否为英文字母

说明：当c为英文字母a-z或A-Z时，返回非零值，否则返回零。

举例：

      // isalpha.c

      #include <syslib.h>
      #include <ctype.h>
      #include <stdio.h>

      main()
      {
        int c;

        clrscr();        // clear screen
        printf("Press a key");
        for(;;)
        {
          c=getchar();
          clrscr();
          printf("%c: %s letter",c,isalpha(c)?"is":"not");
        }
        return 0; // just to avoid warnings by compiler
      }