简介
在不破坏封装的前提下,捕获对象的内部状态,并在对象之外保存这个状态,以便在适当的时候恢复对象。
角色与职责
Originator:原始类,里面有需要保存的属性value及创建一个备忘录类,用来保存value值;
Memento:备忘录类;
CareTaker:存储备忘录的类,持有Memento类的实例。
实现
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
//需保存的信息
class Memento{
public:
int m_vitality; //生命值
int m_attack; //进攻值
int m_defense; //防守值
public:
Memento(int vitality, int attack, int defense) :
m_vitality(vitality), m_attack(attack), m_defense(defense) {}
Memento& operator=(const Memento &memento){
m_vitality = memento.m_vitality;
m_attack = memento.m_attack;
m_defense = memento.m_defense;
return *this;
}
};
//游戏角色
class GameRole{
private:
int m_vitality;
int m_attack;
int m_defense;
public:
GameRole() : m_vitality(100), m_attack(100), m_defense(100) {}
Memento Save() //保存进度,只与Memento对象交互,并不牵涉到Caretake
{
Memento memento(m_vitality, m_attack, m_defense);
return memento;
}
void Load(Memento memento) //载入进度,只与Memento对象交互,并不牵涉到Caretake
{
m_vitality = memento.m_vitality;
m_attack = memento.m_attack;
m_defense = memento.m_defense;
}
void Show() { cout << "vitality : " << m_vitality << ", attack : " << m_attack << ", defense : " << m_defense << endl; }
void Attack() { m_vitality -= 10; m_attack -= 10; m_defense -= 10; }
};
//保存的进度库
class Caretake{
public:
Caretake() {}
void Save(Memento menento) { m_vecMemento.push_back(menento); }
Memento Load(int state) { return m_vecMemento[state]; }
private:
vector<Memento> m_vecMemento;
};
//测试案例
int main(){
Caretake caretake;
GameRole role;
role.Show(); //初始值
caretake.Save(role.Save()); //保存状态
role.Attack();
role.Show(); //进攻后
role.Load(caretake.Load(0)); //载入状态
role.Show(); //恢复到状态0
return 0;
}