Autofac 依赖注入教程

1. 安装 Autofac: Install-Package Autofac -Version 4.8.1

2. 创建两个类库项目，IService (用于编写接口)，ServiceImpl（用于创建实现类）

IService 下
public interface IAnimalBark
{
void Bark();
}

public interface IAnimalSleep
{
void Sleep();
}

public interface IUser
{
void AddNew(string name, string pwd);
}

public interface ISchool
{
void AfterSchool();
}

ServiceImpl下
public class Dog : IAnimalBark,IAnimalSleep
{
public void Bark()
{
Console.WriteLine(“汪汪汪汪汪”);
}

public void Sleep()
{
Console.WriteLine(“zZ,睡着了”);
}
}

public class Cat : IAnimalBark
{
public void Bark()
{
Console.WriteLine(“喵喵喵”);
}
}

public class User : IUser
{
public void AddNew(string name, string pwd)
{
Console.WriteLine(“添加新的用户:” + name);
}
}

public class School : ISchool
{
public IAnimalBark dog { get; set; }
public void AfterSchool()
{
dog.Bark();
Console.WriteLine(“放学了”);
}
}

3. 原理性使用方法，如果再有一个接口和一个实现类，那就再注册一次

ContainerBuilder builder = new ContainerBuilder();
//注册实现类Dog,当我们 请求IAnimalBark接口 的时候返回的是类Dog的对象,原理性的代码
builder.RegisterType().As();
//上面一句也可改成下面一句，这样 请求Dog实现的任何接口 的时候都会返回Dog对象,原理性的代码
//builder.RegisterType().AsImplementedInterfaces();
IContainer container = builder.Build();
//请求IAnimalBark接口
IAnimalBark dog = container.Resolve();
dog.Bark();
Console.ReadKey();

4. 如果有很多接口，很多实现类，每次都要注册一次会很麻烦，可以如下进行一次注册

ContainerBuilder builder = new ContainerBuilder();
Assembly asm = Assembly.Load(“Service”);//实现类所在的程序集名称
builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(asm).AsImplementedInterfaces();//常用
IContainer container = builder.Build();
IAnimalBark dog = container.Resolve();
IUser user = container.Resolve();
dog.Bark();
user.AddNew(“baidu”,“123”);
Console.ReadKey();

5. 如果有多个实现类，container.Resolve();只会返回其中一个对象，如果想返回多个类的对象，应改成container.Resolve<IEnumerable>();

ContainerBuilder builder = new ContainerBuilder();
Assembly asm = Assembly.Load(“Service”);//实现类所在的程序集名称
builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(asm).AsImplementedInterfaces();//常用
IContainer container = builder.Build();
IEnumerable animals = container.Resolve<IEnumerable>();
foreach(var animal in animals)
{
animal.Bark();
}
Console.ReadKey();

6. 如果一个实现类中定义了其他类型的属性（接口类型的属性），在注册时又加上builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(asm).AsImplementedInterfaces().PropertiesAutowired();这样会给属性进行“注入”

ContainerBuilder builder = new ContainerBuilder();
Assembly asm = Assembly.Load(“Service”);//实现类所在的程序集名称
builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(asm).AsImplementedInterfaces().PropertiesAutowired();//常用
IContainer container = builder.Build();
ISchool school = container.Resolve();
school.AfterSchool();
Console.ReadKey();

7. 可以通过在builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(asm)后面以 Instance***()配置来实现Auto对象的生命周期

InstancePerDependency()每次Resolve都返回新的对象
ContainerBuilder builder = new ContainerBuilder();
Assembly asm = Assembly.Load(“Service”);//实现类所在的程序集名称
builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(asm).AsImplementedInterfaces().PropertiesAutowired().InstancePerDependency();//常用
IContainer container = builder.Build();
ISchool school = container.Resolve();
ISchool school2 = container.Resolve();
Console.WriteLine(school.Equals(school2));
Console.ReadKey();

SingleInstance()每次Resolve都返回同一个对象，推荐
ContainerBuilder builder = new ContainerBuilder();
Assembly asm = Assembly.Load(“Service”);//实现类所在的程序集名称
builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(asm).AsImplementedInterfaces().PropertiesAutowired().SingleInstance();//常用
IContainer container = builder.Build();
ISchool school = container.Resolve();
ISchool school2 = container.Resolve();
Console.WriteLine(object.ReferenceEquals(school,school2));
Console.ReadKey();