http://blog.csdn.net/typ2004/article/details/38669949
本文的是一篇入门文章,通过一个简单的例子介绍Golang的Web编程主要用到的技术。
文章结构包括:
- Client-Get 请求
- Client-Post 请求
- Server 处理 Get 和 Post 数据
在数据的封装中,我们部分采用了json,因而本文也涉及到Golang中json的编码和解码。
一、Client-Get
- package main
- import (
- "fmt"
- "net/url"
- "net/http"
- "io/ioutil"
- "log"
- )
- func main() {
- u, _ := url.Parse("http://localhost:9001/xiaoyue")
- q := u.Query()
- q.Set("username", "user")
- q.Set("password", "passwd")
- u.RawQuery = q.Encode()
- res, err := http.Get(u.String());
- if err != nil {
- log.Fatal(err) return
- }
- result, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
- res.Body.Close()
- if err != nil {
- log.Fatal(err) return
- }
- fmt.Printf("%s", result)
- }
二、Client-Post
- package main
- import (
- "fmt"
- "net/url"
- "net/http"
- "io/ioutil"
- "log"
- "bytes"
- "encoding/json"
- )
- type Server struct {
- ServerName string
- ServerIP string
- }
- type Serverslice struct {
- Servers []Server
- ServersID string
- }
- func main() {
- var s Serverslice
- var newServer Server;
- newServer.ServerName = "Guangzhou_VPN";
- newServer.ServerIP = "127.0.0.1"
- s.Servers = append(s.Servers, newServer)
- s.Servers = append(s.Servers, Server{ServerName: "Shanghai_VPN", ServerIP: "127.0.0.2"})
- s.Servers = append(s.Servers, Server{ServerName: "Beijing_VPN", ServerIP: "127.0.0.3"})
- s.ServersID = "team1"
- b, err := json.Marshal(s)
- if err != nil {
- fmt.Println("json err:", err)
- }
- body := bytes.NewBuffer([]byte(b))
- res,err := http.Post("http://localhost:9001/xiaoyue", "application/json;charset=utf-8", body)
- if err != nil {
- log.Fatal(err)
- return
- }
- result, err := ioutil.ReadAll(res.Body)
- res.Body.Close()
- if err != nil {
- log.Fatal(err)
- return
- }
- fmt.Printf("%s", result)
- }
三、Server
- package main
- import (
- "fmt"
- "net/http"
- "strings"
- "html"
- "io/ioutil"
- "encoding/json"
- )
- type Server struct {
- ServerName string
- ServerIP string
- }
- type Serverslice struct {
- Servers []Server
- ServersID string
- }
- func main() {
- http.HandleFunc("/", handler)
- http.ListenAndServe(":9001", nil)
- }
- func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
- r.ParseForm() //解析参数,默认是不会解析的
- fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hi, I love you %s", html.EscapeString(r.URL.Path[1:]))
- if r.Method == "GET" {
- fmt.Println("method:", r.Method) //获取请求的方法
- fmt.Println("username", r.Form["username"])
- fmt.Println("password", r.Form["password"])
- for k, v := range r.Form {
- fmt.Print("key:", k, "; ")
- fmt.Println("val:", strings.Join(v, ""))
- }
- } else if r.Method == "POST" {
- result, _:= ioutil.ReadAll(r.Body)
- r.Body.Close()
- fmt.Printf("%s\n", result)
- //未知类型的推荐处理方法
- var f interface{}
- json.Unmarshal(result, &f)
- m := f.(map[string]interface{})
- for k, v := range m {
- switch vv := v.(type) {
- case string:
- fmt.Println(k, "is string", vv)
- case int:
- fmt.Println(k, "is int", vv)
- case float64:
- fmt.Println(k,"is float64",vv)
- case []interface{}:
- fmt.Println(k, "is an array:")
- for i, u := range vv {
- fmt.Println(i, u)
- }
- default:
- fmt.Println(k, "is of a type I don't know how to handle")
- }
- }
- //结构已知,解析到结构体
- var s Serverslice;
- json.Unmarshal([]byte(result), &s)
- fmt.Println(s.ServersID);
- for i:=0; i<len(s.Servers); i++ {
- fmt.Println(s.Servers[i].ServerName)
- fmt.Println(s.Servers[i].ServerIP)
- }
- }
- }