Surface::dequeueBuffer是Android系统中Surface类的一个方法，用于从Surface中获取一个可用的Buffer。它通常在图形渲染或视频播放等场景中使用。
Surface::dequeueBuffer的调用地方可以有多个，具体取决于应用程序的实现和使用场景。以下是一些可能的调用地方：
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图形渲染引擎：在图形渲染引擎中，Surface::dequeueBuffer通常用于获取一个可用的绘制缓冲区，以便进行图形绘制操作。这样可以实现流畅的图形渲染效果。
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视频播放器：在视频播放器中，Surface::dequeueBuffer可以用于获取一个可用的视频帧缓冲区，以便将视频数据解码并显示在屏幕上。这样可以实现流畅的视频播放效果。
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图像处理应用：在图像处理应用中，Surface::dequeueBuffer可以用于获取一个可用的图像缓冲区，以便进行图像处理操作，如滤镜、特效等。这样可以实现实时的图像处理效果。
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游戏引擎：在游戏引擎中，Surface::dequeueBuffer可以用于获取一个可用的游戏画面缓冲区，以便进行游戏画面的渲染和更新。这样可以实现流畅的游戏画面效果。
Surface的dequeueBuffer方法的作用是应用程序一端请求绘制图像时，向BufferQueue中申请一块可用的GraphicBuffer，有了这个buffer就可以绘制图像数据了，生产者在生成内容的时候，就会有这么一个过程；
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生产者向 BufferQueue 中申请 slot（缓冲槽）
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生产者拿到 slot，但是 slot 并没有关联对应的 GraphicBuffer（缓冲区）
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生产者创建一个缓冲区，并将它与缓冲槽相关联。
下面从代码角度进行分析：
//framework/native/libs/gui/Surface.cpp
sp<IGraphicBufferProducer> mGraphicBufferProducer;
class Surface : public ANativeObjectBase<ANativeWindow, Surface, RefBase> {
int Surface::dequeueBuffer(android_native_buffer_t** buffer, int* fenceFd) {
ATRACE_CALL();
ALOGV("Surface::dequeueBuffer");
IGraphicBufferProducer::DequeueBufferInput dqInput;
{
Mutex::Autolock lock(mMutex);
if (mReportRemovedBuffers) {
mRemovedBuffers.clear();
}
getDequeueBufferInputLocked(&dqInput);
if (mSharedBufferMode && mAutoRefresh && mSharedBufferSlot !=
BufferItem::INVALID_BUFFER_SLOT) {
sp<GraphicBuffer>& gbuf(mSlots[mSharedBufferSlot].buffer);
if (gbuf != nullptr) {
*buffer = gbuf.get();
*fenceFd = -1;
return OK;
}
}
} // Drop the lock so that we can still touch the Surface while blocking in IGBP::dequeueBuffer
int buf = -1;
sp<Fence> fence;
nsecs_t startTime = systemTime();
FrameEventHistoryDelta frameTimestamps;
//这里尝试去dequeueBuffer,因为这时SurfaceFlinger对应Layer的slot还没有分配buffer,这时SurfaceFlinger会回复的flag会有BUFFER_NEEDS_REALLOCATIO
status_t result = mGraphicBufferProducer->dequeueBuffer(&buf, &fence, dqInput.width,
dqInput.height, dqInput.format,
dqInput.usage, &mBufferAge,
dqInput.getTimestamps ?
&frameTimestamps : nullptr);
mLastDequeueDuration = systemTime() - startTime;
if (result < 0) {
ALOGV("dequeueBuffer: IGraphicBufferProducer::dequeueBuffer"
"(%d, %d, %d, %#" PRIx64 ") failed: %d",
dqInput.width, dqInput.height, dqInput.format, dqInput.usage, result);
return result;
}
if (buf < 0 || buf >= NUM_BUFFER_SLOTS) {
ALOGE("dequeueBuffer: IGraphicBufferProducer returned invalid slot number %d", buf);
android_errorWriteLog(0x534e4554, "36991414"); // SafetyNet logging
return FAILED_TRANSACTION;
}
Mutex::Autolock lock(mMutex);
// Write this while holding the mutex
mLastDequeueStartTime = startTime;
sp<GraphicBuffer>& gbuf(mSlots[buf].buffer);
// this should never happen
ALOGE_IF(fence == nullptr, "Surface::dequeueBuffer: received null Fence! buf=%d", buf);
if (CC_UNLIKELY(atrace_is_tag_enabled(ATRACE_TAG_GRAPHICS))) {
static FenceMonitor hwcReleaseThread("HWC release");
hwcReleaseThread.queueFence(fence);
}
if (result & IGraphicBufferProducer::RELEASE_ALL_BUFFERS) {
freeAllBuffers();
}
if (dqInput.getTimestamps) {
mFrameEventHistory->applyDelta(frameTimestamps);
}
if ((result & IGraphicBufferProducer::BUFFER_NEEDS_REALLOCATION) || gbuf == nullptr) {
if (mReportRemovedBuffers && (gbuf != nullptr)) {
mRemovedBuffers.push_back(gbuf);
}
//这里检查到dequeueBuffer返回的结果里带有BUFFER_NEEDS_REALLOCATION标志就会发出一次requestBuffer
result = mGraphicBufferProducer->requestBuffer(buf, &gbuf);
if (result != NO_ERROR) {
ALOGE("dequeueBuffer: IGraphicBufferProducer::requestBuffer failed: %d", result);
mGraphicBufferProducer->cancelBuffer(buf, fence);
return result;
}
}
if (fence->isValid()) {
*fenceFd = fence->dup();
if (*fenceFd == -1) {
ALOGE("dequeueBuffer: error duping fence: %d", errno);
// dup() should never fail; something is badly wrong. Soldier on
// and hope for the best; the worst that should happen is some
// visible corruption that lasts until the next frame.
}
} else {
*fenceFd = -1;
}
*buffer = gbuf.get();
if (mSharedBufferMode && mAutoRefresh) {
mSharedBufferSlot = buf;
mSharedBufferHasBeenQueued = false;
} else if (mSharedBufferSlot == buf) {
mSharedBufferSlot = BufferItem::INVALID_BUFFER_SLOT;
mSharedBufferHasBeenQueued = false;
}
mDequeuedSlots.insert(buf);
return OK;
}
}
上面方法的主要处理如下：
1、调用mGraphicBufferProducer(IGraphicBufferProducer)的dequeueBuffer方法，尝试去dequeueBuffer。
2、检查到dequeueBuffer返回的结果里带有BUFFER_NEEDS_REALLOCATION标志，如果带有就调用mGraphicBufferProducer(IGraphicBufferProducer)的requestBuffer方法，去requestBuffer。
下面分别进行分析：
BpGraphicBufferProducer dequeueBuffer
调用mGraphicBufferProducer(IGraphicBufferProducer)的dequeueBuffer方法，IGraphicBufferProducer是一个接口，由BpGraphicBufferProducer实现：
//frameworks/native/libs/gui/IGraphicBufferProducer.cpp
class BpGraphicBufferProducer : public BpInterface<IGraphicBufferProducer> {
virtual status_t dequeueBuffer(int* buf, sp<Fence>* fence, uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
PixelFormat format, uint64_t usage, uint64_t* outBufferAge,
FrameEventHistoryDelta* outTimestamps) {
Parcel data, reply;
bool getFrameTimestamps = (outTimestamps != nullptr);
data.writeInterfaceToken(IGraphicBufferProducer::getInterfaceDescriptor());
data.writeUint32(width);
data.writeUint32(height);
data.writeInt32(static_cast<int32_t>(format));
data.writeUint64(usage);
data.writeBool(getFrameTimestamps);
status_t result = remote()->transact(DEQUEUE_BUFFER, data, &reply);
if (result != NO_ERROR) {
return result;
}
*buf = reply.readInt32();
*fence = new Fence();
result = reply.read(**fence);
if (result != NO_ERROR) {
fence->clear();
return result;
}
if (outBufferAge) {
result = reply.readUint64(outBufferAge);
} else {
// Read the value even if outBufferAge is nullptr:
uint64_t bufferAge;
result = reply.readUint64(&bufferAge);
}
if (result != NO_ERROR) {
ALOGE("IGBP::dequeueBuffer failed to read buffer age: %d", result);
return result;
}
if (getFrameTimestamps) {
result = reply.read(*outTimestamps);
if (result != NO_ERROR) {
ALOGE("IGBP::dequeueBuffer failed to read timestamps: %d",
result);
return result;
}
}
result = reply.readInt32();
return result;
}
}
发送DEQUEUE_BUFFER消息，发送的消息在BnGraphicBufferProducer的onTransact方法中处理：
//frameworks/native/libs/gui/IGraphicBufferProducer.cpp
status_t BnGraphicBufferProducer::onTransact(
uint32_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply, uint32_t flags)
{
switch(code) {
case DEQUEUE_BUFFER: {
CHECK_INTERFACE(IGraphicBufferProducer, data, reply);
uint32_t width = data.readUint32();
uint32_t height = data.readUint32();
PixelFormat format = static_cast<PixelFormat>(data.readInt32());
uint64_t usage = data.readUint64();
uint64_t bufferAge = 0;
bool getTimestamps = data.readBool();
int buf = 0;
sp<Fence> fence = Fence::NO_FENCE;
FrameEventHistoryDelta frameTimestamps;
int result = dequeueBuffer(&buf, &fence, width, height, format, usage, &bufferAge,
getTimestamps ? &frameTimestamps : nullptr);
if (fence == nullptr) {
ALOGE("dequeueBuffer returned a NULL fence, setting to Fence::NO_FENCE");
fence = Fence::NO_FENCE;
}
reply->writeInt32(buf);
reply->write(*fence);
reply->writeUint64(bufferAge);
if (getTimestamps) {
reply->write(frameTimestamps);
}
reply->writeInt32(result);
return NO_ERROR;
}
}
}
BufferQueueProducer dequeueBuffer
调用BnGraphicBufferProducer的dequeueBuffer方法，BnGraphicBufferProducer继承于BufferQueueProducer，调用BufferQueueProducer的dequeueBuffer方法：
Android13 BufferQueueProducer dequeueBuffer流程分析-CSDN博客
BpGraphicBufferProducer requestBuffer
在SurfaceFlinger这端，第一次收到dequeueBuffer时发现分配出来的slot没有GraphicBuffer， 这时会去申请对应的buffer:
调用mGraphicBufferProducer(IGraphicBufferProducer)的requestBuffer方法，IGraphicBufferProducer是一个接口，由BpGraphicBufferProducer实现：
//frameworks/native/libs/gui/IGraphicBufferProducer.cpp
class BpGraphicBufferProducer : public BpInterface<IGraphicBufferProducer> {
virtual status_t requestBuffer(int bufferIdx, sp<GraphicBuffer>* buf) {
Parcel data, reply;
data.writeInterfaceToken(IGraphicBufferProducer::getInterfaceDescriptor());
data.writeInt32(bufferIdx);
status_t result = remote()->transact(REQUEST_BUFFER, data, &reply);
if (result != NO_ERROR) {
return result;
}
bool nonNull = reply.readInt32();
if (nonNull) {
*buf = new GraphicBuffer();
result = reply.read(**buf);
if(result != NO_ERROR) {
(*buf).clear();
return result;
}
}
result = reply.readInt32();
return result;
}
}
发送REQUEST_BUFFER消息，发送的消息在BnGraphicBufferProducer的onTransact方法中处理：
//frameworks/native/libs/gui/IGraphicBufferProducer.cpp
status_t BnGraphicBufferProducer::onTransact(
uint32_t code, const Parcel& data, Parcel* reply, uint32_t flags)
{
switch(code) {
case REQUEST_BUFFER: {
CHECK_INTERFACE(IGraphicBufferProducer, data, reply);
int bufferIdx = data.readInt32();
sp<GraphicBuffer> buffer;
int result = requestBuffer(bufferIdx, &buffer);
reply->writeInt32(buffer != nullptr);
if (buffer != nullptr) {
reply->write(*buffer);
}
reply->writeInt32(result);
return NO_ERROR;
}
}
return BBinder::onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
}
BufferQueueProducer requestBuffer
调用BnGraphicBufferProducer的requestBuffer方法，BnGraphicBufferProducer继承于BufferQueueProducer，调用BufferQueueProducer的requestBuffer方法：
//frameworks/native/libs/gui/BufferQueueProducer.cpp
class BufferQueueProducer : public BnGraphicBufferProducer {
status_t BufferQueueProducer::requestBuffer(int slot, sp<GraphicBuffer>* buf) {
ATRACE_CALL();
BQ_LOGV("requestBuffer: slot %d", slot);
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mCore->mMutex);
if (mCore->mIsAbandoned) {
BQ_LOGE("requestBuffer: BufferQueue has been abandoned");
return NO_INIT;
}
if (mCore->mConnectedApi == BufferQueueCore::NO_CONNECTED_API) {
BQ_LOGE("requestBuffer: BufferQueue has no connected producer");
return NO_INIT;
}
if (slot < 0 || slot >= BufferQueueDefs::NUM_BUFFER_SLOTS) {
BQ_LOGE("requestBuffer: slot index %d out of range [0, %d)",
slot, BufferQueueDefs::NUM_BUFFER_SLOTS);
return BAD_VALUE;
} else if (!mSlots[slot].mBufferState.isDequeued()) {
BQ_LOGE("requestBuffer: slot %d is not owned by the producer "
"(state = %s)", slot, mSlots[slot].mBufferState.string());
return BAD_VALUE;
}
mSlots[slot].mRequestBufferCalled = true;
*buf = mSlots[slot].mGraphicBuffer;
return NO_ERROR;
}
}
requestBuffer的主要作用就是把GraphicBuffer传递到应用侧。
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