docker命令：commit、inspect使用

背景：

日常开发中，经常会维护一个基础的docker镜像，里面已经做调试好了网络、ssh、端口映射、volume内外卷映射等，这时需要把它的状态给保存下来，这样后续就不用每次在重复执行上述操作，用于后续再复用这些基础层，并基于此进行更高级层的构建。

这时，commit 命令就派上用场了，使用该命令可以将当前版本的container打包成包含当前最新层的image，后续再根据这个image生成基础容器。

Usage: docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

参数解读：

• -m：注释，类似于git中注释
• CONTAINER 部分可以为容器ID，也可以为容器名
  命令中，指定了要提交的修改过的容器的ID、目标镜像仓库、镜像名。commit提交的知识创建容器的镜像与容器的当前状态之间的差异部分，很轻量。

# docker commit -m "A base env of apptest,already configed the network/ssh/port \
mapping/volume mapping e.g." -author "david" 3c141c17c3d9 apptest_base

# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
apptest_base        latest              edfd3e2e67dc        8 seconds ago       1.41 GB
docker.io/centos    latest              1e1148e4cc2c        4 months ago        202 MB

使用inspect命令查看镜像构成信息：

docker inspect CONTAINER

# docker inspect apptest_base
[
    {
        "Id": "sha256:zdfd3e2e67dc0d6dc932d6ae056dd3301a264d7bbe193a599ae746b022f73ecc",
        "RepoTags": [
            "apptest_base:latest"
        ],
        "RepoDigests": [],
        "Parent": "sha256:fdecd6992fe0ffc893d15588ae9d5cbb0f16354ae5006fe7732f5ff4933d762f",
        "Comment": "A base env of apptest,already configed the network/ssh e.g.",
        "Created": "2019-04-29T11:25:23.338056461Z",
        "Container": "3c141c17c3d93b6e282b2937dbbbb451ff230f8230bd743e5dfdcc1cb4f81465",
        "ContainerConfig": {
            "Hostname": "app-test",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": null,
            "Cmd": [
                "bash",
                "-c",
                "\necho export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8 >> /etc/profile ;\necho export PATH=\\/bin:\\/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin >> /etc/profile ; \nsh /opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh ;\ntail -f /dev/null  \n"
            ],
            "Image": "app:20190401",
            "Volumes": {
                "/opt/jdk1.8": {},
                "/opt/tomcat": {}
            },
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "com.docker.compose.config-hash": "62a324e143b1caa71c789bbbaff9e6b9ad24bfba822fbac6d7a03ce848a2d446",
                "com.docker.compose.container-number": "1",
                "com.docker.compose.oneoff": "False",
                "com.docker.compose.project": "dockerwebapptest",
                "com.docker.compose.service": "tomcat",
                "com.docker.compose.version": "1.18.0"
            }
        },
        "DockerVersion": "1.13.1",
        "Author": "",
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": null,
            "Cmd": [
                "bash",
                "-c",
                "\necho export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk1.8 >> /etc/profile ;\necho export PATH=\\/bin:\\/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin >> /etc/profile ; \nsh /opt/tomcat/bin/startup.sh ;\ntail -f /dev/null  \n"
            ],
            "Image": "",
            "Volumes": {
                "/opt/jdk1.8": {},
                "/opt/tomcat": {}
            },
            "WorkingDir": "",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
                "com.docker.compose.config-hash": "62a324e143b1caa71c789bbbaff9e6b9ad24bfba822fbac6d7a03ce848a2d446",
                "com.docker.compose.container-number": "1",
                "com.docker.compose.oneoff": "False",
                "com.docker.compose.project": "dockerwebapptest",
                "com.docker.compose.service": "tomcat",
                "com.docker.compose.version": "1.18.0"
            }
        },
        "Architecture": "amd64",
        "Os": "linux",
        "Size": 1408363971,
        "VirtualSize": 1408363971,
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Name": "overlay2",
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/fae8d0c595b319a832a5bc761b4c1a1106b59fd31d7aef4fabf3309626f858f6/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1a63e99e77583a045388666f411be28192565b8697f1f9dc7b5086d5db647200/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1a63e99e77583a045388666f411be28192565b8697f1f9dc7b5086d5db647200/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1a63e99e77583a045388666f411be28192565b8697f1f9dc7b5086d5db647200/work"
            }
        },
        "RootFS": {
            "Type": "layers",
            "Layers": [
                "sha256:e2fba5912d721c26317b6b6854b65590cc032d6e8c8be1c186eba07415669d40",
                "sha256:9b28877c46d48c24edc615ccf82fb0291c4c3297378119d54eafc0518d6d71f6"
            ]
        }
    }
]

提取容器IP地址：

docker inspect ${CONTAINER_NAME} | grep IPAddress