java softReference ReferenceQueue

 http://hi.baidu.com/hbc8848/blog/item/3ddb5e94a6b06a1bd31b7038.html

 

《Java的内存管理2》提到finalize方法延缓了GC在heap中对类实例的回收，尤其在JVM内存吃紧时，所幸的是这种延缓仅会发生一次。也正是因为finalize方法只会在GC首次打算回收该实例时被调用，因此finalize方法极大地不同于C++中的析构函数：当一个实例再次被JVM装入内存，直到它被销毁前，你无法在finalize方法中执行关闭文件连接等操作。

在C++缓存管理过程中，程序员通常会自己新建一个队列，将被清除出内存的实例推入队列，等下次被调用时再取出。好在java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue帮我们实现了这个队列，我们只需将软引用实例在队列中注册即可。因此，如果你需要对象中的一些操作，仅在它的实例被GC回收时才执行，便可以通过ReferenceQueue队列调用它们。JavaDoc1.6写道：

SoftReference

public SoftReference(T referent,
                     ReferenceQueue<? super T> q)

创建一个引用给定对象的新的软引用，并向给定队列注册该引用。

参数：

referent - 新的软引用将引用的对象

q - 该引用向其注册的队列，如果不需要注册，则为 null

我将上篇示例代码中的finalize（）方法的内容注释掉，新建了一个GC监听线程，监听哪些实例被GC清理到ReferenceQueue队列中，并显示它们。

ReferenceQueue中的remove（）方法将返回队列中下一个新生效的实例引用（所有实例都已经在队列中注册，当一个实例被GC清理出内存后，该实例在队列中的引用就会生效）。线程随后被阻塞，直到队列中有新生效引用为止。JavaDoc1.6写道：

remove

public Reference<? extends T> remove()
                              throws InterruptedException

移除此队列中的下一个引用对象，阻塞到某个对象变得可用为止。

返回：

某个引用对象，阻塞到某个对象变得可用为止。

抛出：

InterruptedException - 如果等待被中断

控制台输出结果如下：

Creating bookshelf: 1
Creating bookshelf: 2
Monitor:1 was collected.
Creating bookshelf: 3
Creating bookshelf: 4
Creating bookshelf: 5
Creating bookshelf: 6
Creating bookshelf: 7
Creating bookshelf: 8
Creating bookshelf: 9
Creating bookshelf: 10
Creating bookshelf: 11
Creating bookshelf: 12
Creating bookshelf: 13
Monitor:2 was collected.
Monitor:3 was collected.
Monitor:4 was collected.
Monitor:5 was collected.
Monitor:6 was collected.
Monitor:7 was collected.
Monitor:8 was collected.
Monitor:9 was collected.
Monitor:10 was collected.
Monitor:11 was collected.
Creating bookshelf: 14
Creating bookshelf: 15
Creating bookshelf: 16
Creating bookshelf: 17
Creating bookshelf: 18
Creating bookshelf: 19
Creating bookshelf: 20
Creating bookshelf: 21
Creating bookshelf: 22
Monitor:12 was collected.
Monitor:13 was collected.
Monitor:14 was collected.
Monitor:15 was collected.
Monitor:16 was collected.
Monitor:17 was collected.
Monitor:18 was collected.
Monitor:19 was collected.
Monitor:20 was collected.
Monitor:21 was collected.
Creating bookshelf: 23
Creating bookshelf: 24
Creating bookshelf: 25
Creating bookshelf: 26
Creating bookshelf: 27
Creating bookshelf: 28
Creating bookshelf: 29
Creating bookshelf: 30
Creating bookshelf: 31
Creating bookshelf: 32
Monitor:31 was collected.
Monitor:22 was collected.
Monitor:23 was collected.
Monitor:24 was collected.
Monitor:25 was collected.
Monitor:26 was collected.
Monitor:27 was collected.
Monitor:28 was collected.
Monitor:29 was collected.
Monitor:30 was collected.
Creating bookshelf: 33
Creating bookshelf: 34
Creating bookshelf: 35
Creating bookshelf: 36
Creating bookshelf: 37
Creating bookshelf: 38
Creating bookshelf: 39
Creating bookshelf: 40
Creating bookshelf: 41
Creating bookshelf: 42
Creating bookshelf: 43
Monitor:32 was collected.
Monitor:33 was collected.
Monitor:34 was collected.
Monitor:35 was collected.
Monitor:36 was collected.
Monitor:37 was collected.
Monitor:38 was collected.
Monitor:39 was collected.
Monitor:40 was collected.
Monitor:41 was collected.
Creating bookshelf: 44
Creating bookshelf: 45
Creating bookshelf: 46
Creating bookshelf: 47
Creating bookshelf: 48
Creating bookshelf: 49
Creating bookshelf: 50