centos 5.5 32位(图形安装)
一、安装oracle 11gR2 依赖的组件包
yum install binutils
yum install compat-libstdc++-33
yum install elfutils-libelf
yum install elfutils-libelf-devel
yum install gcc
yum install gcc-c++
yum install glibc
yum install glibc-common
yum install glibc-devel
yum install glibc-headers
yum install ksh
yum install libaio
yum install libaio-devel
yum install libgcc-4.1.2
yum install libstdc++
yum install libstdc++-devel
yum install make
yum install numactl-devel
yum install sysstat
yum install unixODBC
yum install unixODBC-devel
yum install vnc
yum install xterm
yum install pdksh
二、调整内核参数
1、修改sysctl.conf
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
添加以下参数:
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
#让内核参数生效,执行下面命令
sysctl -p
2、修改limits.conf
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
添加以下参数:
#oracle settings
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
3、修改系统版本(Redhat 5.×系列系统略过这步)
cp /etc/redhat-release /etc/redhat-release.bk
vi /etc/redhat-release
#修改内容为:
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 5 (Taroon)
4、修改/etc/pam.d/login
添加以下内容:
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
5、修改/etc/profile
vi /etc/profile
添加以下内容:
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
6、修改/etc/csh.login
vi /etc/csh.login
添加以下内容:
if ( $USER == "oracle" ) then
limit maxproc 16384
limit deors 65536
endif
7、添加/etc/hosts中dns解析信息
#添加的信息是IP 主机名 (主机名可通过hostname命令查询)
10137.1.101 bogon
三、创建oracle用户
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba -m -d /home/oracle -s /bin/bash oracle
passwd oracle #753951
mkdir -p /data/oracle
mkdir -p /data/oralnventory
mkdir -p /data/software
chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/software
chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oralnventory
#设置用户环境变量
#su - oracle
$ vi .bash_profile
#添加以下内容:
ORACLE_SID=orcl
export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=bogon #此处填写主机名
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/data/oracle
export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1
export ORACLE_HOME
PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/bin
export PATH
$source .bash_profile
ORACLE_BASE下是admin和product
ORACLE_HOME下则是ORACLE的命令、连接库、安装助手、listener等等一系列的东东。
这只是ORACLE自己的定义习惯。ORACLE_HOME比ORACLE_BASE目录要更深一些。也就是说:ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/version
ORACLE_BASE是oracle的根目录,ORACLE_HOME是oracle产品的目录。
简单说,你如果装了2个版本的oracle,那么ORACLE_BASE可以是一个,但ORACLE_HOME是2个
全局数据库名用于区别分布式数据库各个不同机器上的实例。
SID用于区别同一台机器上的不同实例,
即一个用于外部区分。
一个用于内部区分。
四、安装oracle
#上传oracle安装文件到/data/software目录下,并解压
cd /data/software
unzip linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
xhost + #(这里使用root用户执行,一定要执行以下2步,如果没有执行,将无法启动图形安装界面)
xhost + localhost
su - oralce
cd /data/software/database
$./runInstaller #(到oracle安装文件所在目录执行该命令)
安装过程转载自:http://blog.csdn.net/s57253105/article/details/6833774
安装过程遇到问题和解决方法:
1、Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server(RHEL) yum安装软件时This system is not registered with RHN. RHN support will be disabled. 的解决方法
此解决方案转载自:http://bbs.vpser.net/thread-7553-1-1.html
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server(RHEL) 的yum服务是付费的,因为没有付费,所以无法使用yum安装软件,会提示如下错误:
[root@vpser ~]# yum install libjpeg libjpeg-devel
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
No package libjpeg-devel available.
Nothing to do
解决方法:
执行:rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps 将yum卸载掉
cat /etc/issue && uname -a 看一下系统版本号和系统位数
到 http://mirrors.kernel.org/centos/ 或http://mirrors.163.com/centos/ 找对应系统版本号
如系统是5.5 64位,则打开http://mirrors.kernel.org/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/ 找到yum 、yum-fastestmirror、yum-metadata-parser 这3个软件包的地址,然后执行:
代码:
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-3.2.22-39.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-fastestmirror-1.1.16-21.el5.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-3.el5.centos.x86_64.rpm
下载下这3个软件包,再执行:
rpm -ivh yum-*
再执行:(如果是6.*的版本,则将下面内容里面的5改成6后再执行。)
代码:
cat >/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo<<eof
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=http://mirrors.kernel.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
baseurl=http://mirrors.kernel.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons
baseurl=http://mirrors.kernel.org/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
baseurl=http://mirrors.kernel.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
baseurl=http://mirrors.kernel.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib
baseurl=http://mirrors.kernel.org/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
eof
再执行:yum makecache 生成缓存,再yum install 安装软件试试
2、ORACLE SQLPLUS 报 error while loading shared libraries
此解决方案转载自:http://xinglu.iteye.com/blog/1138701
几个月前在虚拟机VitualBox上面用操作系统CentOS5.5装了Oracle 11gR2以后,一直用的很顺利,最近有一个月都在培训javascript和java,因此oracle没有怎么学习,今天突然打开虚拟机发现sqlplus再也连接不上了,报错:
./sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1: cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied
上网查找了一下原因,看不大明白,但解决方案比较简单
- root用户登录
- 使用cd命令切换当前目录到 /etc/selinux
- 使用vim打开config文件
- 找到里面的SELINUX条目,设置成disabled
- 重启系统
3、Q:安装过程中的问题 Header V4 DSA signature: Nokey, key ID le5e0159 GPG key retrieval failed A:解决命令
4、linux系统解决xhost: unable to open display
此解决方案转载自:http://lubcdc.blog.51cto.com/3785870/765229
在linux操作系统安装oracle时,需要执行xhost+,执行xhost+报错:xhost: unable to open display。通过以下步骤解决~:
第一步:用root登陆linux,启动vnc服务 vncserver :1;
第二步:根据vnc起来的端口,设置export DISPLAY=localhost:1(1表示vnc在第一个tty上启动的);
第三步:执行xhost +,并且提示“access control disabled, clients can connect from any host”才正确