IO复用高级应用：同时处理TCP和UDP服务

一个socket只能与一个socket地址绑定即一个socket只能监听一个端口，服务器如果要同时监听多个端口就必须创建多个socket，若在同一个端口监听多个服务也要创建多个socket绑定到这个端口上。现在服务器监听一个端口上的TCP和UDP请求，并将发送来的数据回射到客户端。

服务端程序：

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/epoll.h>
#include <pthread.h>

#define MAX_EVENT_NUMBER 1024 //最大事件数目
#define TCP_BUFFER_SIZE 512//TCP缓冲区
#define UDP_BUFFER_SIZE 1024//UDP缓冲区

int setnonblocking( int fd )//设置为非阻塞描述符
{
    int old_option = fcntl( fd, F_GETFL );
    int new_option = old_option | O_NONBLOCK;
    fcntl( fd, F_SETFL, new_option );
    return old_option;
}

void addfd( int epollfd, int fd )//注册事件
{
    epoll_event event;
    event.data.fd = fd;
    //event.events = EPOLLIN | EPOLLET;
    event.events = EPOLLIN;//可读事件
    epoll_ctl( epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, fd, &event );
    setnonblocking( fd );
}

int main( int argc, char* argv[] )
{
    if( argc <= 2 )
    {
        printf( "usage: %s ip_address port_number\n", basename( argv[0] ) );
        return 1;
    }
    const char* ip = argv[1];
    int port = atoi( argv[2] );

    int ret = 0;
    struct sockaddr_in address;//绑定TCP端口
    bzero( &address, sizeof( address ) );
    address.sin_family = AF_INET;
    inet_pton( AF_INET, ip, &address.sin_addr );
    address.sin_port = htons( port );

    int listenfd = socket( PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0 );
    assert( listenfd >= 0 );

    ret = bind( listenfd, ( struct sockaddr* )&address, sizeof( address ) );
    assert( ret != -1 );

    ret = listen( listenfd, 5 );
    assert( ret != -1 );

    bzero( &address, sizeof( address ) );//绑定UDP端口
    address.sin_family = AF_INET;
    inet_pton( AF_INET, ip, &address.sin_addr );
    address.sin_port = htons( port );
    int udpfd = socket( PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0 );
    assert( udpfd >= 0 );

    ret = bind( udpfd, ( struct sockaddr* )&address, sizeof( address ) );
    assert( ret != -1 );

    epoll_event events[ MAX_EVENT_NUMBER ];
    int epollfd = epoll_create( 5 );
    assert( epollfd != -1 );
    addfd( epollfd, listenfd );//TCP端口注册事件
    addfd( epollfd, udpfd );//UDP端口注册事件

    while( 1 )
    {
        int number = epoll_wait( epollfd, events, MAX_EVENT_NUMBER, -1 );//无限期等待事件发生
        if ( number < 0 )
        {
            printf( "epoll failure\n" );
            break;
        }
    
        for ( int i = 0; i < number; i++ )//EPOLL就绪事件
        {
            int sockfd = events[i].data.fd;
            if ( sockfd == listenfd )//监听端口监听TCP连接事件
            {
                struct sockaddr_in client_address;
                socklen_t client_addrlength = sizeof( client_address );
                int connfd = accept( listenfd, ( struct sockaddr* )&client_address, &client_addrlength );
                addfd( epollfd, connfd );
            }
            else if ( sockfd == udpfd )//UDP连接
            {
                char buf[ UDP_BUFFER_SIZE ];
                memset( buf, '\0', UDP_BUFFER_SIZE );
                struct sockaddr_in client_address;
                socklen_t client_addrlength = sizeof( client_address );//客户端地址
		//UDP专用接收数据
                ret = recvfrom( udpfd, buf, UDP_BUFFER_SIZE-1, 0, ( struct sockaddr* )&client_address, &client_addrlength );
                if( ret > 0 )
                {//UDP专用发送数据(回射数据)
                    sendto( udpfd, buf, UDP_BUFFER_SIZE-1, 0, ( struct sockaddr* )&client_address, client_addrlength );
                }
            }
            else if ( events[i].events & EPOLLIN )//TCP连接
            {
                char buf[ TCP_BUFFER_SIZE ];
                while( 1 )
                {
                    memset( buf, '\0', TCP_BUFFER_SIZE );
                    ret = recv( sockfd, buf, TCP_BUFFER_SIZE-1, 0 );
                    if( ret < 0 )
                    {
                        if( ( errno == EAGAIN ) || ( errno == EWOULDBLOCK ) )//非阻塞出现这种errrno是读取数据完毕
                        {
                            break;
                        }
                        close( sockfd );
                        break;
                    }
                    else if( ret == 0 )//关闭连接
                    {
                        close( sockfd );
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        send( sockfd, buf, ret, 0 );//回射数据
                    }
                }
            }
            else
            {
                printf( "something else happened \n" );
            }
        }
    }

    close( listenfd );
    return 0;
}

客户端程序：

#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<assert.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<iostream>
#define BUF_SIZE 1024
using namespace std;
int main(int argc,char* argv[]){
    if(argc<=2){
        cout<<"argc<=2"<<endl;
        return 1;
    }
    const char* ip=argv[1];
    int port=atoi(argv[2]);
    struct sockaddr_in server_address;
    bzero(&server_address,sizeof(server_address));
    server_address.sin_family=AF_INET;
    inet_pton(AF_INET,ip,&server_address.sin_addr);
    server_address.sin_port=htons(port);
    int sockfd=socket(PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
    int sockudp=socket(PF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
    assert(sockfd>=0);
    if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&server_address,sizeof(server_address))<0){//TCP数据发送与接收
        cout<<"connect error"<<endl;
        return 1;
    }
    else{
        const char* tcp="this is TCP data\n";
        send(sockfd,tcp,strlen(tcp),0);
        char buf[BUF_SIZE];
        int ret=recv(sockfd,buf,BUF_SIZE-1,0);
        if(ret<0){
            cout<<"recv tcp error"<<endl;
        }
        else{
            buf[ret+1]='\0';
            cout<<ret<<" "<<buf<<endl;
        }
    }
    if(connect(sockudp,(struct sockaddr*)&server_address,sizeof(server_address))<0){//UDP数据发送与接收
        cout<<"connect error"<<endl;
        return 1;
    }
    else{
        const char* udp="this is UDP data\n";
        send(sockudp,udp,strlen(udp),0);
        char buf[BUF_SIZE];
        int ret=recv(sockudp,buf,BUF_SIZE-1,0);
        if(ret<0){
            cout<<"recv udp error"<<endl;
        }
        else{
            buf[ret+1]='\0';
            cout<<ret<<" "<<buf<<endl;
        }
    }
    close(sockfd);
    return 0;
}