Java新建线程的3种方法

Java新建线程的3种方法

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Java创建线程有3种方法：
(1)继承Thread;
(2)实现Runnable接口；
(3)实现Callable接口;

由于Java只支持单继承，所以用继承的方式创建线程，比较死板，不够灵活；用实现接口的方式创建线程，可以实现多个接口，比较灵活。
Runnable和Callable接口的区别：
(1)Callable重写的方法是call(),Runnable重写的方法是run();
(2)Callable的任务执行后可返回值，而Runnable不能返回值；
(3)call方法可以抛出异常，run()不可以；
(4)运行Callable任务可以拿到一个future对象，表示异步计算的结果，
它供检查计算是否完成的方法，以等待计算完成，并检索计算的结果。通过Future对象可以了解任务的执行情况，可取消任务的执行，还可以获取执行的结果。

1.继承Thread

package com.java.thread;

public class ThreadClient {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Print p1 = new Print();
		Print p2 = new Print();
		p1.start();
		p2.start();

	}

}

class Print extends Thread{
	@Override
	public void run(){
		for(int i=0;i<10;i++){
			System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+":"+i);
			try {
				Thread.sleep(2000);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

执行结果:

Thread-0:0
Thread-1:0
Thread-0:1
Thread-1:1
Thread-0:2
Thread-1:2
Thread-0:3
Thread-1:3
Thread-0:4
Thread-1:4
Thread-0:5
Thread-1:5
Thread-0:6
Thread-1:6
Thread-0:7
Thread-1:7
Thread-0:8
Thread-1:8
Thread-0:9
Thread-1:9

2.实现Runnable接口

package com.java.thread;

public class ThreadClient1 {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Runnable p1 = new Salesman("Jack");
		Runnable p2 = new Salesman("Iris");
		
		Thread t1 = new Thread(p1);
		Thread t2 = new Thread(p2);
		
		t1.start();
		t2.start();
	}

}

class Salesman implements Runnable{
	
	private int ticket=100;//每个线程都拥有100张票
    private String name;
    Salesman(String name){
        this.name=name;
    }
    
	@Override
	public void run(){
        while(ticket>0){
	         System.out.println(ticket--+" is saled by "+name+","+Thread.currentThread().getName());
	        try {
				Thread.sleep(1000);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
	     }
	}
}

执行结果:

10 is saled by Jack,Thread-0
10 is saled by Iris,Thread-1
9 is saled by Jack,Thread-0
9 is saled by Iris,Thread-1
8 is saled by Jack,Thread-0
8 is saled by Iris,Thread-1
7 is saled by Iris,Thread-1
7 is saled by Jack,Thread-0
6 is saled by Iris,Thread-1
6 is saled by Jack,Thread-0
5 is saled by Iris,Thread-1
5 is saled by Jack,Thread-0
4 is saled by Iris,Thread-1
4 is saled by Jack,Thread-0
3 is saled by Iris,Thread-1
3 is saled by Jack,Thread-0
2 is saled by Iris,Thread-1
2 is saled by Jack,Thread-0
1 is saled by Iris,Thread-1
1 is saled by Jack,Thread-0

3.实现Callable接口

package com.java.thread;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

public class CallType {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ExecutorService es = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
		List<Future<String>> results = new ArrayList<Future<String>>();
		for(int i=0;i<5;i++){
			results.add(es.submit(new TaskWithResult(i)));
		}
		
		for(Future<String> fs : results){
			try {
				System.out.println(fs.get());
			} catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

class TaskWithResult implements Callable<String>{
	private int id;
	public TaskWithResult(int id){
		this.id = id;
	}
	@Override
	public String call() throws Exception {
		return "result of TaskWithResult" + id;
	}
}

执行结果：

result of TaskWithResult0
result of TaskWithResult1
result of TaskWithResult2
result of TaskWithResult3
result of TaskWithResult4