通过 运用 Python 第三方 系统 基础 模块， 可以 轻松 获取 服务 关键 运营 指标 数据，包括 Linux 基本 性能、 块 设备、 网卡 接口、 系统 信息、 网络 地址 库 等 信息。 在 采集 到这 些 数据 后， 我们 就可以全方位 了解 系统 服务 的 状态，再结合 告警 机制， 可以 在 第一 时间 响应， 将 异常 出现 在 苗头 时 就得 以 处理。
1 查看是否安装python
Last login: Thu Oct 22 09:28:13 2015 from 192.168.102.252
-bash-3.2$ python
Python 2.4.3 (#1, Jun 11 2009, 14:09:37)
[GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-44)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> copyright
Copyright (c) 2001-2006 Python Software Foundation.
All Rights Reserved.
2 安装psutil 模块
psutil 是 一个 跨 平台 库（ http:// code. google. com/ p/ psutil/）， 能够 轻松 实现 获取 系统 运行 的 进程 和 系统 利用率（ 包括 CPU、 内存、 磁盘、 网络 等） 信息。
它 实现 了 同等 命令行 工具 提供 的 功能， 如 ps、 top、 lsof、 netstat、 ifconfig、 who、 df、 kill、 free、 nice、 ionice、 iostat、 iotop、 uptime、 pidof、 tty、 taskset、pmap 等。目前 支持 32 位 和 64 位 的 Linux、 Windows、 OS X、 FreeBSD 和 Sun Solaris 等 操作系统， 支持 从 2. 4 到 3. 4 的 Python 版本。请选择适合自己的版本
下载地址 https://pypi.python.org/pypi/psutil/
以下是安装步骤 （附录二有各操作系统平台的安装方法）
[root@localhost oracle]# cd /peter/
[root@localhost peter]# lsjdk-6u22-linux-i586-rpm.bin mnt netlog netlog.1124 psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz rkhunter-1.4.2 rkhunter-1.4.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost peter]# ll
total 688
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 163840 Jan 20 2014 jdk-6u22-linux-i586-rpm.bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 11 2014 mnt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13369 Nov 4 2014 netlog
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14568 Nov 24 2014 netlog.1124
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 207168 Nov 26 2015 psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 13 2014 rkhunter-1.4.2
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 277707 Apr 1 2015 rkhunter-1.4.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost peter]# tar -zxvf psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz ####此处解压psutil-2.0.0/
psutil-2.0.0/README
psutil-2.0.0/PKG-INFO
psutil-2.0.0/MANIFEST.in
psutil-2.0.0/HISTORY
psutil-2.0.0/TODO
psutil-2.0.0/make.bat
psutil-2.0.0/examples/
psutil-2.0.0/examples/meminfo.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/disk_usage.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/iotop.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/killall.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/free.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/pmap.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/netstat.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/who.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/nettop.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/top.py
psutil-2.0.0/examples/process_detail.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/
psutil-2.0.0/test/__init__.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/README
psutil-2.0.0/test/test_psutil.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/_osx.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/_bsd.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/_posix.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/_linux.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/_sunos.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/test_memory_leaks.py
psutil-2.0.0/test/_windows.py
psutil-2.0.0/Makefile
psutil-2.0.0/docs/
psutil-2.0.0/docs/README
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/pydoctheme/
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/pydoctheme/static/
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/pydoctheme/static/pydoctheme.css
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_themes/pydoctheme/theme.conf
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/indexsidebar.html
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/indexcontent.html
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/page.html
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_template/globaltoc.html
psutil-2.0.0/docs/make.bat
psutil-2.0.0/docs/Makefile
psutil-2.0.0/docs/index.rst
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_static/
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_static/copybutton.js
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_static/logo.png
psutil-2.0.0/docs/_static/sidebar.js
psutil-2.0.0/docs/conf.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/
psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/PKG-INFO
psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/SOURCES.txt
psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/top_level.txt
psutil-2.0.0/psutil.egg-info/dependency_links.txt
psutil-2.0.0/LICENSE
psutil-2.0.0/setup.py
psutil-2.0.0/CREDITS
psutil-2.0.0/setup.cfg
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/__init__.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_bsd.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_posix.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_common.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_osx.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_compat.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_common.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_linux.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_osx.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_bsd.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psosx.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_pssunos.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_windows.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_windows.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_common.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_sunos.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psbsd.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_linux.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/osx/
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/osx/process_info.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/osx/process_info.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/ntextapi.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/security.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/process_info.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/process_info.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/process_handles.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/glpi.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/security.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/windows/process_handles.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/bsd/
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/bsd/process_info.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/arch/bsd/process_info.c
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psposix.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_sunos.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_psutil_posix.h
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_pslinux.py
psutil-2.0.0/psutil/_pswindows.py
[root@localhost peter]# ll
total 692
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 163840 Jan 20 2014 jdk-6u22-linux-i586-rpm.bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 11 2014 mnt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13369 Nov 4 2014 netlog
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14568 Nov 24 2014 netlog.1124
drwxr-xr-x 7 1000 1000 4096 Mar 10 2014 psutil-2.0.0
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 207168 Nov 26 2015 psutil-2.0.0.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Mar 13 2014 rkhunter-1.4.2
-rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 277707 Apr 1 2015 rkhunter-1.4.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost peter]#
[root@localhost peter]# cd psutil-2.0.0
[root@localhost psutil-2.0.0]# python setup.py install ###安装
running install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4
creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_psosx.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_pssunos.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_pslinux.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_psbsd.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_compat.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_pswindows.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_psposix.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
copying psutil/_common.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
running build_ext
building '_psutil_linux' extension
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4
creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.4 -c psutil/_psutil_linux.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psutil_linux.o
psutil/_psutil_linux.c: In function 'psutil_proc_cpu_affinity_set':
psutil/_psutil_linux.c:327: warning: suggest explicit braces to avoid ambiguous 'else'
gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psutil_linux.o -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/_psutil_linux.so
building '_psutil_posix' extension
gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -O2 -g -pipe -Wall -Wp,-D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fexceptions -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -m64 -mtune=generic -D_GNU_SOURCE -fPIC -fPIC -I/usr/include/python2.4 -c psutil/_psutil_posix.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psutil_posix.o
gcc -pthread -shared build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psutil_posix.o -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/_psutil_posix.so
running install_lib
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/_psutil_posix.so -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/_psutil_linux.so -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages
creating /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psosx.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_pssunos.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/__init__.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_pslinux.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psbsd.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_compat.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_pswindows.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_psposix.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
copying build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.4/psutil/_common.py -> /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_psosx.py to _psosx.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_pssunos.py to _pssunos.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/__init__.py to __init__.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_pslinux.py to _pslinux.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_psbsd.py to _psbsd.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_compat.py to _compat.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_pswindows.py to _pswindows.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_psposix.py to _psposix.pyc
byte-compiling /usr/lib64/python2.4/site-packages/psutil/_common.py to _common.pyc
[root@localhost psutil-2.0.0]#
3 进入python 试一下 psutil 模块是否安装正确
# python
You are now leaving help and returning to the Python interpreter.
If you want to ask for help on a particular object directly from the
interpreter, you can type "help(object)". Executing "help('string')"
has the same effect as typing a particular string at the help> prompt.
>>> import psutil
>>> psutil.cpu_times()
scputimes(user=7924.96, nice=212.0, system=1933.8, idle=12099434.460000001, iowait=3665.8400000000001, irq=83.379999999999995, softirq=491.57999999999998, steal=0.0)
>>> psutil.swap_memory()
sswap(total=8439095296L, used=921686016L, free=7517409280L, percent=10.9, sin=2560000, sout=636985344)
>>> psutil.swap_memory().free
7517409280L
>>>
调用函数： 函数名.参数
后面附函数&参数列表
4 通过一个案例见证以下psutil 的功能
以下通过shell &python实现一个服务器信息的简单监控，执行我做好的脚步
[root@localhost peter]# ./peter.sh
开机时间：2015-10-22 09:22:39
当前CPU使用率：1.9%
物理内存：7950M 使用率：10.6%
Swap内存：8024M 使用率：10.9%
发送：12653809 Byte 发送包数：122654个
接收：5585369078 Byte 接收包数：46197965个
盘符: /dev/sda3 挂载点: / 使用率: 29.6%
盘符: /dev/sda5 挂载点: /oracle 使用率: 29.6%
盘符: /dev/sda2 挂载点: /oracle/oradata 使用率: 42.8%
盘符: /dev/sda1 挂载点: /boot 使用率: 11.8%
盘符: /dev/sdb1 挂载点: /oracle/oradata2 使用率: 53.3%
[root@localhost peter]#
下面看一下peter.sh的内容内容，大家直接粘过去就能用。有兴趣的朋友可以自己再优化一下
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
import psutil
import time
import sys
from optparse import OptionParser
parser = OptionParser()
parser.add_option("-t", "--time", dest="time",
help="此参数可查看当前下载占的带宽,-t是测试时间", metavar="10")
parser.add_option("-d", "--deamon",action="store_false", dest="deamon", default=True,
help="后台运行此脚本")
def Sysinfo():
Boot_Start = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",time.localtime(psutil.boot_time()))
time.sleep(0.5)
Cpu_usage = psutil.cpu_percent()
RAM = int(psutil.virtual_memory().total/(1027*1024))
RAM_percent = psutil.virtual_memory().percent
Swap = int(psutil.swap_memory().total/(1027*1024))
Swap_percent = psutil.swap_memory().percent
Net_sent = psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_sent
Net_recv = psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_recv
Net_spkg = psutil.net_io_counters().packets_sent
Net_rpkg = psutil.net_io_counters().packets_recv
BFH = r'%'
print " \033[1;32m开机时间：%s\033[1;m" % Boot_Start
print " \033[1;32m当前CPU使用率：%s%s\033[1;m" % (Cpu_usage,BFH)
print " \033[1;32m物理内存：%dM\t使用率：%s%s\033[1;m" % (RAM,RAM_percent,BFH)
print "\033[1;32mSwap内存：%dM\t使用率：%s%s\033[1;m" % (Swap,Swap_percent,BFH)
print " \033[1;32m发送：%d Byte\t发送包数：%d个\033[1;m" % (Net_sent,Net_spkg)
print " \033[1;32m接收：%d Byte\t接收包数：%d个\033[1;m" % (Net_recv,Net_rpkg)
for i in psutil.disk_partitions():
print " \033[1;32m盘符: %s 挂载点: %s 使用率: %s%s\033[1;m" % (i[0],i[1],psutil.disk_usage(i[1])[3],BFH)
def Net_io(s):
x = 0
sum = 0
while True:
if x >= s:
break
r1 = psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_recv
time.sleep(1)
r2 = psutil.net_io_counters().bytes_recv
y = r2 - r1
print "%.2f Kb/s" % (y / 1024.0)
sum += y
x += 1
result = sum / x
print "\033[1;32m%s秒内平均速度：%.2f Kb/s \033[1;m" % (x,result / 1024.0)
if __name__ == "__main__":
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
if options.time:
Net_io(int(options.time))
else:
Sysinfo()
######脚本至此结束
附录1 psutil 模块的其它用法：
Example usages
CPU
>>> import psutil >>> psutil.cpu_times() scputimes(user=3961.46, nice=169.729, system=2150.659, idle=16900.540, iowait=629.59, irq=0.0, softirq=19.42, steal=0.0, guest=0, nice=0.0) >>> >>> for x in range(3): ... psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1) ... 4.0 5.9 3.8 >>> >>> for x in range(3): ... psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1, percpu=True) ... [4.0, 6.9, 3.7, 9.2] [7.0, 8.5, 2.4, 2.1] [1.2, 9.0, 9.9, 7.2] >>> >>> >>> for x in range(3): ... psutil.cpu_times_percent(interval=1, percpu=False) ... scputimes(user=1.5, nice=0.0, system=0.5, idle=96.5, iowait=1.5, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0) scputimes(user=1.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=99.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0) scputimes(user=2.0, nice=0.0, system=0.0, idle=98.0, iowait=0.0, irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0) >>> >>> psutil.cpu_count() 4 >>> psutil.cpu_count(logical=False) 2 >>>
Memory
>>> psutil.virtual_memory() svmem(total=8374149120, available=2081050624, percent=75.1, used=8074080256, free=300068864, active=3294920704, inactive=1361616896, buffers=529895424, cached=1251086336) >>> psutil.swap_memory() sswap(total=2097147904, used=296128512, free=1801019392, percent=14.1, sin=304193536, sout=677842944) >>>
Disks
>>> psutil.disk_partitions() [sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda1', mountpoint='/', fstype='ext4', opts='rw,nosuid'), sdiskpart(device='/dev/sda2', mountpoint='/home', fstype='ext, opts='rw')] >>> >>> psutil.disk_usage('/') sdiskusage(total=21378641920, used=4809781248, free=15482871808, percent=22.5) >>> >>> psutil.disk_io_counters(perdisk=False) sdiskio(read_count=719566, write_count=1082197, read_bytes=18626220032, write_bytes=24081764352, read_time=5023392, write_time=63199568) >>>
Network
>>> psutil.net_io_counters(pernic=True) {'eth0': netio(bytes_sent=485291293, bytes_recv=6004858642, packets_sent=3251564, packets_recv=4787798, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0), 'lo': netio(bytes_sent=2838627, bytes_recv=2838627, packets_sent=30567, packets_recv=30567, errin=0, errout=0, dropin=0, dropout=0)} >>> >>> psutil.net_connections() [pconn(fd=115, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 48776), raddr=('93.186.135.91', 80), status='ESTABLISHED', pid=1254), pconn(fd=117, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 43761), raddr=('72.14.234.100', 80), status='CLOSING', pid=2987), pconn(fd=-1, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 60759), raddr=('72.14.234.104', 80), status='ESTABLISHED', pid=None), pconn(fd=-1, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 51314), raddr=('72.14.234.83', 443), status='SYN_SENT', pid=None) ...] >>> >>> psutil.net_if_addrs() {'lo': [snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='127.0.0.1', netmask='255.0.0.0', broadcast='127.0.0.1', ptp=None), snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='::1', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff', broadcast=None, ptp=None), snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_LINK: 17>, address='00:00:00:00:00:00', netmask=None, broadcast='00:00:00:00:00:00', ptp=None)], 'wlan0': [snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, address='192.168.1.3', netmask='255.255.255.0', broadcast='192.168.1.255', ptp=None), snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET6: 10>, address='fe80::c685:8ff:fe45:641%wlan0', netmask='ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::', broadcast=None, ptp=None), snic(family=<AddressFamily.AF_LINK: 17>, address='c4:85:08:45:06:41', netmask=None, broadcast='ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff', ptp=None)]} >>> >>> psutil.net_if_stats() {'eth0': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=<NicDuplex.NIC_DUPLEX_FULL: 2>, speed=100, mtu=1500), 'lo': snicstats(isup=True, duplex=<NicDuplex.NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN: 0>, speed=0, mtu=65536)}
Other system info
>>> psutil.users() [user(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/2', host='localhost', started=1340737536.0), user(name='giampaolo', terminal='pts/3', host='localhost', started=1340737792.0)] >>> >>> psutil.boot_time() 1365519115.0 >>>
Process management
>>> import psutil >>> psutil.pids() [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 46, 48, 50, 51, 178, 182, 222, 223, 224, 268, 1215, 1216, 1220, 1221, 1243, 1244, 1301, 1601, 2237, 2355, 2637, 2774, 3932, 4176, 4177, 4185, 4187, 4189, 4225, 4243, 4245, 4263, 4282, 4306, 4311, 4312, 4313, 4314, 4337, 4339, 4357, 4358, 4363, 4383, 4395, 4408, 4433, 4443, 4445, 4446, 5167, 5234, 5235, 5252, 5318, 5424, 5644, 6987, 7054, 7055, 7071] >>> >>> p = psutil.Process(7055) >>> p.name() 'python' >>> p.exe() '/usr/bin/python' >>> p.cwd() '/home/giampaolo' >>> p.cmdline() ['/usr/bin/python', 'main.py'] >>> >>> p.status() 'running' >>> p.username() 'giampaolo' >>> p.create_time() 1267551141.5019531 >>> p.terminal() '/dev/pts/0' >>> >>> p.uids() puids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000) >>> p.gids() pgids(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000) >>> >>> p.cpu_times() pcputimes(user=1.02, system=0.31) >>> p.cpu_percent(interval=1.0) 12.1 >>> p.cpu_affinity() [0, 1, 2, 3] >>> p.cpu_affinity([0]) # set >>> >>> p.memory_percent() 0.63423 >>> >>> p.memory_info() pmem(rss=7471104, vms=68513792) >>> p.memory_info_ex() extmem(rss=9662464, vms=49192960, shared=3612672, text=2564096, lib=0, data=5754880, dirty=0) >>> p.memory_maps() [pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libutil-2.15.so', rss=16384, anonymous=8192, swap=0), pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so', rss=6384, anonymous=15, swap=0), pmmap_grouped(path='/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.0.0', rss=34124, anonymous=1245, swap=0), pmmap_grouped(path='[heap]', rss=54653, anonymous=8192, swap=0), pmmap_grouped(path='[stack]', rss=1542, anonymous=166, swap=0), ...] >>> >>> p.io_counters() pio(read_count=478001, write_count=59371, read_bytes=700416, write_bytes=69632) >>> >>> p.open_files() [popenfile(path='/home/giampaolo/svn/psutil/somefile', fd=3)] >>> >>> p.connections() [pconn(fd=115, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 48776), raddr=('93.186.135.91', 80), status='ESTABLISHED'), pconn(fd=117, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 43761), raddr=('72.14.234.100', 80), status='CLOSING'), pconn(fd=119, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 60759), raddr=('72.14.234.104', 80), status='ESTABLISHED'), pconn(fd=123, family=<AddressFamily.AF_INET: 2>, type=<SocketType.SOCK_STREAM: 1>, laddr=('10.0.0.1', 51314), raddr=('72.14.234.83', 443), status='SYN_SENT')] >>> >>> p.num_threads() 4 >>> p.num_fds() 8 >>> p.threads() [pthread(id=5234, user_time=22.5, system_time=9.2891), pthread(id=5235, user_time=0.0, system_time=0.0), pthread(id=5236, user_time=0.0, system_time=0.0), pthread(id=5237, user_time=0.0707, system_time=1.1)] >>> >>> p.num_ctx_switches() pctxsw(voluntary=78, involuntary=19) >>> >>> p.nice() 0 >>> p.nice(10) # set >>> >>> p.ionice(psutil.IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE) # IO priority (Win and Linux only) >>> p.ionice() pionice(ioclass=<IOPriority.IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE: 3>, value=0) >>> >>> p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE, (5, 5)) # set resource limits (Linux only) >>> p.rlimit(psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE) (5, 5) >>> >>> p.suspend() >>> p.resume() >>> >>> p.terminate() >>> p.wait(timeout=3) 0 >>> >>> psutil.test() USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY START TIME COMMAND root 1 0.0 0.0 24584 2240 Jun17 00:00 init root 2 0.0 0.0 0 0 Jun17 00:00 kthreadd root 3 0.0 0.0 0 0 Jun17 00:05 ksoftirqd/0 ... giampaolo 31475 0.0 0.0 20760 3024 /dev/pts/0 Jun19 00:00 python2.4 giampaolo 31721 0.0 2.2 773060 181896 00:04 10:30 chrome root 31763 0.0 0.0 0 0 00:05 00:00 kworker/0:1 >>>
Further process APIs
>>> for p in psutil.process_iter(): ... print(p) ... psutil.Process(pid=1, name='init') psutil.Process(pid=2, name='kthreadd') psutil.Process(pid=3, name='ksoftirqd/0') ... >>> >>> def on_terminate(proc): ... print("process {} terminated".format(proc)) ... >>> # waits for multiple processes to terminate >>> gone, alive = psutil.wait_procs(procs_list, 3, callback=on_terminate) >>>
附录2 各平台安装方法
Installing using pip on UNIX
The easiest way to install psutil on UNIX is by using pip (but first you might need to install python header files; see later). First install pip:
$ wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py $ python get-pip.py
...then run:
$ pip install psutil
You may need to install gcc and python header files first (see later).
Installing on Windows
Just get the right installer for your Python version and architecture from: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/psutil/#downloadsSince wheels installers are also available you may also use pip.
Compiling on Windows using Visual Studio
In order to compile psutil on Windows you'll need Visual Studio (Mingw32 is no longer supported). You must have the same version of Visual Studio used to compile your installation of Python, that is:
* Python 2.6: VS 2008 (download it from `here <http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=44266>`_) * Python 2.7: VS 2008 (download it from `here <http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=44266>`_) * Python 3.3, 3.4: VS 2010 (you can download it from `MS website <http://www.visualstudio.com/downloads/download-visual-studio-vs#d-2010-express>`_) * Python 3.5: `VS 2015 UP <http://www.visualstudio.com/en-au/news/vs2015-preview-vs>`_
...then run:
setup.py build
...or:
make.bat build
Compiling 64 bit versions of Python 2.6 and 2.7 with VS 2008 requires Windows SDK and .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 to be installed first. Once you have those run vcvars64.bat, then compile: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11072521/
Installing on Linux
gcc is required and so the python headers. They can easily be installed by using the distro package manager. For example, on Debian and Ubuntu:
$ sudo apt-get install gcc python-dev
...on Redhat and CentOS:
$ sudo yum install gcc python-devel
Once done, you can build/install psutil with:
$ python setup.py install
Installing on OS X
OS X installation from source will require gcc which you can obtain as part of the 'XcodeTools' installer from Apple. Then you can run the standard distutils commands. To build only:
$ python setup.py build
To install and build:
$ python setup.py install
Installing on FreeBSD
The same compiler used to install Python must be present on the system in order to build modules using distutils. Assuming it is installed, you can build using the standard distutils commands.
Build only:
$ python setup.py build
Install and build:
$ python setup.py install
Makefile
A makefile is available for both UNIX and Windows (make.bat). It provides some automations for the tasks described above and might be preferred over using setup.py. With it you can:
$ make install # just install (in --user mode) $ make uninstall # uninstall (needs pip) $ make test # run tests $ make clean # remove installation files
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