linux的who命令实际上是能通过读取utmp文件来获得相关的信息
然后按格式输出来,很简单,主要用来了utmp结构,下面是他的描述
struct utmp {
short ut_type; /* type of login */
pid_t ut_pid; /* PID of login process */
char ut_line[UT_LINESIZE]; /* device name of tty - "/dev/" */
char ut_id[4]; /* init id or abbrev. ttyname */
char ut_user[UT_NAMESIZE]; /* user name */
char ut_host[UT_HOSTSIZE]; /* hostname for remote login */
struct exit_status ut_exit; /* The exit status of a process
marked as DEAD_PROCESS */
/* The ut_session and ut_tv fields must be the same size when
compiled 32- and 64-bit. This allows data files and shared
memory to be shared between 32- and 64-bit applications */
#if __WORDSIZE == 64 && defined __WORDSIZE_COMPAT32
int32_t ut_session; /* Session ID, used for windowing */
struct {
int32_t tv_sec; /* Seconds */
int32_t tv_usec; /* Microseconds */
} ut_tv; /* Time entry was made */
#else
long int ut_session; /* Session ID, used for windowing */
struct timeval ut_tv; /* Time entry was made */
#endif
int32_t ut_addr_v6[4]; /* IP address of remote host */
char __unused[20]; /* Reserved for future use */
};
具体的可以查看utmp.h文件,,实现就比较简单了,我就贴个源码算了,呵呵
#include <stdio.h>
#include <utmp.h>
#include <time.h>
void showtime(long);
void show_info(struct utmp*);
int
main ( )
{
struct utmp utbuf;
FILE* fd;
int rdnumber;
if ((fd=fopen(UTMP_FILE,"r"))==NULL )
{
perror(UTMP_FILE);
}
while (fread(&utbuf,sizeof(utbuf),1,fd)==1 )
show_info(&utbuf);
fclose(fd);
return 0;
} /* ----- end of function main ----- */
void
show_info ( struct utmp* utbufp )
{
if ( utbufp->ut_type!=USER_PROCESS )
return;
printf("% -8.8s",utbufp->ut_name);
printf(" ");
printf("% -8.8s",utbufp->ut_line);
printf(" ");
showtime(utbufp->ut_time);
#ifdef SHOWHOST
if(utbufp->ut_host[0]!='\0')
printf("(%s)",utbufp->ut_host);
#endif
printf("\n");
} /* ----- end of function show_info ----- */
void
showtime ( long timeval )
{
char* cp;
cp=ctime(&timeeval);
printf("%12.12s",cp+4);
} /* ----- end of function showtime ----- */
(二)实现linux的whoami命令
linux下的whoami命令会显示当前的用户是谁,也就是显示自己的用户名
开始我一直想从utmp文件入手,但是总不知道怎么确定自己,
后来我去群里问了,他们说每个进程都有用户ID,而用户ID可以通过geteuid系统函数
获得,有了ID就好办了,下面是怎么将他转化成一个用户名,,用utmp?没有uid这个数
据,,后来知道是查找/etc/passwd这个文件,,自己写查找代码很麻烦,还好有个系统
调用可以解决这个问题,它帮我们查找passwd文件,我们只要给出id就可以了
struct passwd* getpwuid(uit_t id)
这样,实现起来就超 easy了
代码如下:
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int
main()
{
uid_t id;
struct passwd* pbuf;
id=geteuid();
pbuf=getpwuid(id);
printf("%s\n",pbuf->pw_name);
return 0;
}