slf4j+log4j+logback总结

http://www.cnblogs.com/huayu0815/p/5341712.html

java开发过程中为了找问题方便或是统计信息方便，总免不了要打各种日志。之前的各个项目都是配置好的，maven配置的时候，会看到各种类型的Log包：slf4j、log4j、commons-log、logback等等，看着就烦，今天仔细了解了一下，有点收获，记录一下

起因

使用JAVA的kafka api写main方法进行开发测试，发现总报错

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log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties). log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly. log4j:WARN See http: //logging .apache.org /log4j/1 .2 /faq .html #noconfig for more info.

解决过程

第一直觉是缺少log4j的配置。好办，classpath下加入log4j.properties(log4j默认应该是直接找classpath下的这个文件，当然，可以直接指定加载哪个文件)，OK，不报错了

刚好最近的一个项目使用的是logback，而且网上也查了，logback性能要优于log4j(没有做过测试，先盲目从众吧)，就想直接引入logback。

POM中加入logback的依赖

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<dependency>            <groupId>ch.qos.logback< /groupId >            <artifactId>logback-core< /artifactId >            <version>1.1.2< /version >        < /dependency >        <dependency>            <groupId>ch.qos.logback< /groupId >            <artifactId>logback-access< /artifactId >            <version>1.1.2< /version >        < /dependency >        <dependency>            <groupId>ch.qos.logback< /groupId >            <artifactId>logback-classic< /artifactId >            <version>1.1.2< /version >        < /dependency >

启动，报错

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log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties). log4j:WARN Please initialize the log4j system properly. log4j:WARN See http: //logging .apache.org /log4j/1 .2 /faq .html #noconfig for more info. SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings. SLF4J: Found binding in [jar: file : /C : /Users/zhaohuayu/ .m2 /repository/org/slf4j/slf4j-log4j12/1 .6.1 /slf4j-log4j12-1 .6.1.jar! /org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder .class] SLF4J: Found binding in [jar: file : /C : /Users/zhaohuayu/ .m2 /repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1 .1.2 /logback-classic-1 .1.2.jar! /org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder .class] SLF4J: See http: //www .slf4j.org /codes .html #multiple_bindings for an explanation. SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]

哦，Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings。

原来slf4j提供的是一个抽象的接口，实现可以是log4j、logback等，但是，运行时候只能有一个接口实现类。之前引入的kafka包，已经包含了对log4j的依赖，我又引入logback的包，冲突了

好办，去掉对Log4j的依赖

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<dependency>            <groupId>org.apache.kafka< /groupId >            <artifactId>kafka_2.10< /artifactId >            <version>0.8.2.0< /version >            <exclusions>                <exclusion>                    <groupId>log4j< /groupId >                    <artifactId>log4j< /artifactId >                < /exclusion >                <exclusion>                    <groupId>org.slf4j< /groupId >                    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12< /artifactId >                < /exclusion >            < /exclusions >        < /dependency >        <dependency>            <groupId>ch.qos.logback< /groupId >            <artifactId>logback-core< /artifactId >            <version>1.1.2< /version >        < /dependency >        <dependency>            <groupId>ch.qos.logback< /groupId >            <artifactId>logback-access< /artifactId >            <version>1.1.2< /version >        < /dependency >        <dependency>            <groupId>ch.qos.logback< /groupId >            <artifactId>logback-classic< /artifactId >            <version>1.1.2< /version >        < /dependency >

这下总OK了吧，运行：

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Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org /apache/log4j/Logger      at kafka.utils.Logging$class.logger(Logging.scala:24)      at kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties.logger$lzycompute(VerifiableProperties.scala:26)      at kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties.logger(VerifiableProperties.scala:26)      at kafka.utils.Logging$class.info(Logging.scala:67)      at kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties.info(VerifiableProperties.scala:26)      at kafka.utils.VerifiableProperties.verify(VerifiableProperties.scala:217)      at kafka.producer.ProducerConfig.<init>(ProducerConfig.scala:57)      at KafkaProducer.getClient(KafkaProducer.java:26)      at KafkaProducer.sendMsg(KafkaProducer.java:35)      at KafkaProducer.main(KafkaProducer.java:41)      at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)      at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)      at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)      at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)      at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:140)

what?

kafka.utils.Logging里包含了对log4j类的引用……

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package kafka.utils;   import kafka.utils.Log4jController.; import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

怎么办？难道使用kafka的项目必须使用log4j？

总有解决方案，

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<dependency>           <groupId>org.slf4j< /groupId >           <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j< /artifactId >           <version>1.7.7< /version >       < /dependency >

再次运行，OK，日志正常打印了

总结

1、slf4j提供各种抽象接口，日志应该基于slf4j的API进行日志打印，这样无论迁移到那个项目，只需要配一个实现类log4j or logback,都能正常打印日志

2、slf4j的实现类不能有多个，不然冲突

3、如果项目中有直接引用log4j的，可以加入log4j-over-slf4j，把旧的日志log4j适配到slf4j,这时候，再使用logback就可以了。

分享一个博客中解决各个项目模块中，各种日志杂乱的方案

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<dependency>       <groupId>org.slf4j< /groupId >       <artifactId>slf4j-api< /artifactId >       <version>${org.slf4j-version}< /version >  < /dependency >  <dependency>       <groupId>org.slf4j< /groupId >       <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j< /artifactId >       <version>${org.slf4j-version}< /version >  < /dependency >  <dependency>       <groupId>org.slf4j< /groupId >       <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j< /artifactId >       <version>${org.slf4j-version}< /version >  < /dependency >  <dependency>       <groupId>org.slf4j< /groupId >       <artifactId>jul-to-slf4j< /artifactId >       <version>${org.slf4j-version}< /version >  < /dependency >  <dependency>       <groupId>org.jboss.logging< /groupId >       <artifactId>jboss-logging< /artifactId >       <version>3.1.4.GA< /version >  < /dependency >

当然，前提是需要把各个项目中依赖的log实现exclusion掉