Magento 的 config.xml 配置参数详解

Path: app/code/(codepool)/(NameSpace)/(ModuleName)/etc/config.xml
当你在Magento中新增一个或更新一个module的时候，需要在此config.xml中对所有的models,blocks,classes等做相应的配置。每一个module都有一个单独的config.xml文件，但是Magento在加载解析这些config.xml文件的时候整合在一起分析的。 所以每个config.xml文件都需要有<(ModuleName)> 来区别于其他的模块，如果一个模块下的config.xml文件中没有定义<(ModuleName)> ，该文件中其他的定义将被其他的文件覆盖掉。由此，严格按照Magento要求的书写方式来对相应的Module做配置是非常重要的(例如, <(modulename)_setup>)。
XML Structure

<config>
    <modules>
        <(NameSpace_ModuleName)></(NameSpace_ModuleName)>
    </modules>
    <global>
        <models></models>
        <resources></resources>
        <blocks></blocks>
        <helpers></helpers>
        <fieldsets></fieldsets>
        <template></template>
        <events></events>
        <eav_attributes></eav_attributes>
        <(modulename)><!-- custom config variables --></(modulename)>
    </global>
    <admin>
        <attributes></attributes>
        <routers></routers>
        <fieldsets></fieldsets>
    </admin>
    <adminhtml>
        <events></events>
        <global_search></global_search>
        <translate></translate>
        <layout></layout>
        <(modulename)><!-- custom config variables --></(modulename)>
    </adminhtml>
    <install>
        <translate></translate>
    </install>
    <frontend>
        <routers></routers>
        <events></events>
        <translate></translate>
        <layout></layout>
    </frontend>
    <default>
        <(modulename)><!-- custom config variables --></(modulename)>
    </default>
    <stores>
        <admin></admin>
    </stores>
    <websites>
        <admin></admin>
    </websites>
</config>
注意，上面只是一个config.xml配置文件大致的框架，下面将对每一部分进行细致分析.
Elements

Element Description Example
1. modules 最基本的定义一个模块的名字，版本和是否依赖于其他模块 。
2. global 由于global的特性，你可以在其他地方定义一个模块，只要global下的<moduleName />正确定义该模块就行。
3. admin adminhtml 对system->configuration下的具体的项进行ACL定义 。
4. install Page。
5. frontend 主要定义router。
6. default
7. stores Adminhtml
8. websites Adminhtml
每个config.xml可大致分为上面表格中的小模块，下面就每一块进行细分

modules：

XML Structure
    <modules>
         <(NameSpace_ModuleName)>
             <active>[true|false]</active>
             <codePool>[core|community|local]</codePool>
             <depends>
                 <(AnotherNameSpace_ModuleName) />
             </depends>
             <version>(version_number)</version>
         </(NameSpace_ModuleName>
    </modules>
Elements
Element Description
1. active 该模块是否生效(该element的值可在后台修改)
2. codePool app/code 的具体路径
3. depends 是否依赖于其他的模块，如果被依赖的模块不存在，它就不active
4. version 定义版本，用于更新和安装
通常 active, codePool and depends 一般在 app/etc/modules/(NameSpace)_*.xml 文件中定义,而 version 在相应module下的config.xml 文件中定义.

global：

XML Structure
    <global>
        <models>
            <(modulename)>
                <class>(ClassName_Prefix)</class>
                <resourceModel>(modulename)_(resource_model_type)</resourceModel>
                <(modulename)_(resource_model_type)>
                    <!-- definition -->
                </(modulename)_(resource_model_type)>
                <rewrite><!-- definition --></rewrite>
            </(modulename)>
        </models>
        <resources>
            <(modulename)_setup><!-- definition --></(modulename)_setup>
            <(modulename)_read><!-- definition --></(modulename)_read>
            <(modulename)_write><!-- definition --></(modulename)_write>
        </resources>
        <blocks>
            <(modulename)>
                <class>(ClassName_Prefix)</class>
            </(modulename)>
        </blocks>
        <helpers>
            <(modulename)>
                <class>(ClassName_Prefix)</class>
            </(modulename)>
        </helpers>
        <fieldsets>
            <(page_handle?)>
                <(field_name)>?</(field_name)>
            </(page_handle?)>
        </fieldsets>
        <template>
            <email>
                <(email_template_name)
                    module="(modulename)"
                    translate="[label][,description]"
                    >
                    <!-- definition -->
                <(/email_template_name)>
            </email>
        </template>
        <events>
            <(event_name)>
                <observers><!-- observers --></observers>
            </(event_name)>
        </events>
        <eav_attributes><!-- definition --></eav_attributes>
        <(modulename)><!-- custom config variables --></(modulename)>
    </global>
Elements
Element Description
1. models
2. resources
3. blocks
4. helpers
5. fieldsets
6. template
7. events
8. eav_attributes
9. (modulename) 自定义的变量(如设置邮件或newletter时非常有用)

admin：

XML Structure
    <admin>
        <attributes>
            <(attribute_name) />
        <attributes>
        <fieldsets><!-- definition --></fieldsets>
        <routers>
            <(modulename)>
                <use>[standard|admin|default]</use>
                <args>
                    <module>(NameSpace_ModuleName)</module>
                    <frontName>(frontname)</frontName>
                </args>
            </(modulename)>
            <!-- or -->
            <(modulename)>
                <args>
                    <modules>
                        <(NameSpace_ModuleName)
                            before="(AnotherNameSpace_ModuleName)"
                            >
                            (New_ClassName)
                        <(NameSpace_ModuleName)
                </args>
            </(modulename)>
        </routers>
    </admin>
Elements
Element Description
1. attributes
2. fieldsets
3. routers

adminhtml：

XML Structure
    <adminhtml>
        <events>
            <(event_name)>
                <observers><!-- observers --></observers>
            </(event_name)>
        </events>
        <global_search>
            <products>
                <class>(modulename)/search_catalog</class>
                <acl>catalog</acl>
            </products>
            <customers>
                <class>adminhtml/search_customer</class>
                <acl>customer</acl>
            </customers>
            <sales>
                <class>adminhtml/search_order</class>
                <acl>sales</acl>
            </sales>
        </global_search>
        <translate>
            <modules>
                <(NameSpace_ModuleName)>
                    <files>
                        <default>(name_of_translation_file.csv)</default>
                    </files>
                </(NameSpace_ModuleName)>
            </modules>
        </translate>
        <layout>
            <updates>
                <(modulename)>
                    <file>(name_of_layout_file.xml)</file>
                </(modulename)>
            </updates>
        </layout>
        <(modulename)><!-- custom config variables --></(modulename)>
    </adminhtml>
Elements
Element Description
1. events
2. global_search
3. translate
4. layout
5. (modulename) 自定义变量

install：

XML Structure
frontend
XML Structure
    <frontend>
        <secure_url>
            <(page_handle)>/relative/url</page_handle>
        </secure_url>
        <events>
            <(event_name)>
                <observers><!-- observers --></observers>
            </(event_name)>
        </events>
        <routers>
            <(modulename)>
                <use>[standard|admin|default]</use>
                <args>
                    <module>(NameSpace_ModuleName)</module>
                    <frontName>(frontname)</frontName>
                </args>
            </(modulename)>
        </routers>
        <translate>
            <modules>
                <(NameSpace_ModuleName)>
                    <files>
                        <default>(name_of_translation_file.csv)</default>
                    </files>
                </(NameSpace_ModuleName)>
            </modules>
        </translate>
        <layout>
            <updates>
                <(modulename)>
                    <file>(name_of_layout_file.xml)</
                </(modulename)>
            </updates>
        </layout>
    </frontend>
Elements
Element Description
1. secure_url
2. events
3. routers
4. translate
5. layout

default：
XML Structure
stores：
XML Structure
websites：
XML Structure