安装Python3

安装补包

yum install -y zlib* bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel libffi-devel zlib1g-dev groupinstall

下载安装包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.2/Python-3.7.2.tar.xz

解压

tar -xvJf  Python-3.7.2.tar.xz

编译安装

cd Python-3.7.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --enable-optimizations --with-ssl
#第一个指定安装的路径,不指定的话,安装过程中可能软件所需要的文件复制到其他不同目录,删除软件很不方便,复制软件也不方便.
#第二个可以提高python10%-20%代码运行速度.
#第三个是为了安装pip需要用到ssl,后面报错会有提到.
make && make install

创建软链接

ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3 /usr/local/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3 /usr/local/bin/pip3

验证

python3 -V
pip3 -V

报错处理

错误1：zipimport.ZipImportError: can’t decompress data; zlib not available Makefile:1099: recipe for target ‘install’ failed make: *** [install] Error 1

yum -y install zlib1g-dev

错误2：ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘_ctypes’

yum -y install libffi-devel

修改pip源

mkdir /root/.pip
cat > /root/.pip/pip.conf << EOF
[global]
index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple
EOF