Spring Boot -- 异常处理

默认的异常处理

默认的异常处理有两种方式

• BasicErrorController 方式
• @ExceptionHandler 注解方式

在Spring boot开发中经常遇到“Whitelabel Error Page”白色标签错误页，这个页面当spring boot中发生错误时的默认处理方式，返回一个error页面，而这个页面的格式是固定的，这个页面有几个变量，映射地址:/error, status=404,type=Not Found。
SpringBoot的默认错误处理是BasicErrorController，支持两种格式：

• 错误页面 errorHtml
• json响应 error

Spring Boot默认的异常处理源码(BasicErrorController)

@RequestMapping(
    produces = {"text/html"}
)
public ModelAndView errorHtml(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
    HttpStatus status = this.getStatus(request);
    Map model = Collections.unmodifiableMap(this.getErrorAttributes(request, this.isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML)));
    response.setStatus(status.value());
    ModelAndView modelAndView = this.resolveErrorView(request, response, status, model);
    return modelAndView != null?modelAndView:new ModelAndView("error", model);
}

@RequestMapping
@ResponseBody
public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error(HttpServletRequest request) {
    Map body = this.getErrorAttributes(request, this.isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.ALL));
    HttpStatus status = this.getStatus(request);
    return new ResponseEntity(body, status);
}

errorHtml()返回错误页面
error()json响应错误

自定义的异常处理

BasicErrorController 方式

继承BasicErrorController ,并重写errorHtml()和error()

@Controller
public class DemoErrorController extends BasicErrorController {

    public DemoErrorController(ServerProperties serverProperties){
        super(new DefaultErrorAttributes(), serverProperties.getError());
    }

    @Override
    public ModelAndView errorHtml(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
        HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
        response.setStatus(status.value());

        System.out.println("do DemoErrorController errorHtml ......");

        Map<String, Object> model = getErrorAttributes(request, isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML));
        ModelAndView modelAndView = resolveErrorView(request, response, status, model);
        return (modelAndView == null ? new ModelAndView("error", model) : modelAndView);
    }

    @Override
    public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error(HttpServletRequest request) {
        HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
        Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request, isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.ALL));

        //输出自定义的Json格式
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("success", false);
        map.put("msg", body.get("message"));

        System.out.println("do DemoErrorController error ......");

        return new ResponseEntity<>(map, status);
    }
}

@ExceptionHandler 注解方式

通过AOP切面对controller进行异常植入
@ExceptionHandler的value定义的是要匹配的异常类型，这里写了一个总的异常Exception，可以针对某个具体的异常进行处理。

@ControllerAdvice
public class AllExceptionHandle {

    @ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)
    public ModelAndView errorHtmlHandle(HttpServletRequest request, Exception e) throws Exception{
        System.out.println("do AllExceptionHandle errorHtmlHandle ......");
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        modelAndView.addObject("exception", e);
        modelAndView.addObject("url", request.getRequestURL());
        modelAndView.setViewName("error");
        return modelAndView;
    }

    @ExceptionHandler(value = NullPointerException.class)
    public Map<String, Object> errorJsonHandle(HttpServletRequest request, Exception e) throws Exception{
        System.out.println("do AllExceptionHandle errorJsonHandle ......");
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("exception", e);
        map.put("url", request.getRequestURL());
        return map;
    }
}

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转载
Spring Boot入门教程(二十一): 异常处理