环境描述: (本实验参考+个人修改,测试没问题)
OS:CentOS7.6_X64
MASTER:192.168.29.149
BACKUP:192.168.29.150
VIP:192.168.29.5
1、配置两台MySQL主主同步
[root@master ~]# yum install mysql-server mysql -y (也可以用mariadb mariadb-server测试)
[root@master ~]# service mysqld start
[root@master ~]# mysqladmin -u root password 123.com
[root@master ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf #开启二进制日志,设置id
[mysqld]
server-id = 1 #backup这台设置2
log-bin = mysql-bin
binlog-ignore-db = mysql,information_schema #忽略写入binlog日志的库
auto-increment-increment = 2 #字段变化增量值
auto-increment-offset = 1 #初始字段ID为1
slave-skip-errors = all #忽略所有复制产生的错误
[root@master ~]# service mysqld restart
#先查看下log bin日志和pos值位置
master配置如下:
[root@ master ~]# mysql -u root -p123.com
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replication'@'192.168.29.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'replication';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='192.168.29.149',
-> master_user='replication',
-> master_password='replication',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',#对端状态显示的值(backup)
-> master_log_pos=106; #对端状态显示的值(backup)
mysql> start slave; #启动同步
其中 如果需要重置binlog的File 和 position需要执行->reset master;
backup配置如下:
[root@backup ~]# mysql -u root -p123.com
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replication'@'192.168.29.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'replication';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> change master to
-> master_host='192.168.29.250',
-> master_user='replication',
-> master_password='replication',
-> master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',#对端状态显示的值(master)
-> master_log_pos=106;#对端状态显示的值(master)
mysql> start slave;
其中 如果需要重置binlog的File 和 position需要执行->reset master;
#主主同步配置完毕,查看同步状态Slave_IO和Slave_SQL是YES说明主主同步成功。
在master插入数据测试下:
在backup查看是否同步成功:
可以看到已经成功同步过去,同样在backup插入到user表数据,一样同步过去,双主就做成功了。
2、配置keepalived实现热备
[root@backup ~]# yum install -y pcre-devel openssl-devel popt-devel #安装依赖包
[root@master ~]# wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
[root@master ~]# tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz
[root@master ~]# cd keepalived-1.2.7
[root@master ~]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
make && make install
#将keepalived配置成系统服务
[root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
[root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/
[root@master ~]# mkdir /etc/keepalived/
[root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/
[root@master ~]# cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
[root@master ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
vrrp_script chk_mysql_port { #检测mysql服务是否在运行。有很多方式,比如进程,用脚本检测等等
script "/opt/chk_mysql.sh" #这里通过脚本监测
interval 2 #脚本执行间隔,每2s检测一次
weight -5 #脚本结果导致的优先级变更,检测失败(脚本返回非0)则优先级 -5
fall 2 #检测连续2次失败才算确定是真失败。会用weight减少优先级(1-255之间)
rise 1 #检测1次成功就算成功。但不修改优先级
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #两台都设置BACKUP
interface ens33 #指定虚拟ip的网卡接口,改成你自己的 eth0或者其它什么的
# mcast_src_ip
virtual_router_id 51 #路由器标识,MASTER和BACKUP必须是一致的
priority 100 #定义优先级,数字越大,优先级越高,在同一个vrrp_instance下,MASTER的优先级必须大于BACKUP的优先级。
nopreempt #设置VIP非抢占 BACKUP不需要
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.29.5
}
track_script {
chk_mysql_port
}
}
[root@master ~]# vi /opt/chk_mysql.sh #检测MySQL服务断开就杀掉keepalived进程,使VIP漂移
#!/bin/bash
counter=$(netstat -na|grep "LISTEN"|grep "3306"|wc -l)
if [ "${counter}" -eq 0 ]; then
pkill keepalived
fi
[root@master ~]# chmod +x /opt/chk_mysql.sh
[root@master ~]# /etc/init.d/keepalived start
#backup服务器只修改priority为99、nopreempt不设置,其它配置和master一样(过程略)
#授权两台Mysql服务器允许root远程登录,用于在其他服务器登陆测试!
mysql> grant all on *.* to'root'@'192.168.29.%' identified by '123.com';
mysql> flush privileges;
3、测试高可用性
1、通过Mysql客户端通过VIP连接,看是否连接成功。
2、可通过ip addr命令来查看VIP在哪台服务器上。
3、可通过查看/var/log/messges日志,看出主备切换过程
4、master服务器故障恢复后,是否主动抢占资源,成为活动服务器。
测试把master上面的这台数据库停掉,keepalived的脚本会检测mysql断开自动会断开keepalived,此时VIP漂移到BACKUP,不影响客户端使用,重新启动mysql和keepalived发现VIP不会被抢占