一. JMS规范
1. JMS概念
本质是API,Java平台消息中间件的规范,java应用程序之间进行消息交换。并且通过提供标准的产生、发送、接收消息的接口简化企业应用的开发。
2. JMS对象模型
1)连接工厂:创建一个JMs连接
2)JMS连接:客户端和服务器之间的一个连接。
3)JMS会话:客户和服务器会话的状态,建立在连接之上的
4)JMS目的:消息队列
5)JMS生产者:消息的生成
6)JMS消费者:接收消息
7)Broker:消息中间件的实例(ActiveMq)
3. JMS---点对点模式
队列,一个消息只有一个消费者(即使有多个接受者监听队列),消费者是要向队列应答成功
4. JMS---消息类型
TextMessage | 字符串 |
BytesMessage | 连续字节流 |
MapMessage | 键值对 |
StreamMessage | 流 |
ObjectMessage | 对象 |
5. JMS---主题模式(发布订阅)
发布到Topic的消息会被当前主题所有的订阅者消费
二. JMS的实现---ActiveMQ
1. 安装
a.下载:
http://activemq.apache.org/activemq-580-release.html
b.启动:
c.运行:
初始用户名和密码:admin/admin
2. ActiveMQ java 客户端
a. pom 引用
<!--ActiveMq-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
<artifactId>activemq-all</artifactId>
<version>5.8.0</version>
</dependency>
b. 原生ActiveMQ代码演示
生产者:
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.*;
public class JmsProducer {
//默认连接用户名
private static final String USERNAME = ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER;
//默认连接密码
private static final String PASSWORD = ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD;
//默认连接地址
private static final String BROKEURL = ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_BROKER_URL;
//发送的消息数量
private static final int SENDNUM = 10;
public static void main(String[] args) {
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;//连接工厂
Connection connection = null;//连接
Session session;//会话
Destination destination;//队列/目的
MessageProducer messageProducer;//消息的生产者
connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(USERNAME,PASSWORD,BROKEURL);
try {
connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
connection.start();
session = connection.createSession(true,Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
//createSession(paramA,paramB);
//paramA: 是否启用事务 true 是, false 否
//paramB:消息的确认模式
//AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE 自动签收
//CLIENT_ACKNOWLEDGE 客户端自行调用acknowledge方法签收
//DUPS_OK_ACKNOWLEDGE 不是必须签收,消费可能会重复发送在第二次重新传送消息的时候,消息头的JmsDelivered会被置为true标示当前消息已经传送过一次,客户端需要进行消息的重复处理控制。
destination = session.createQueue("HelloWAM");
messageProducer = session.createProducer(destination);
for(int i=0;i<SENDNUM;i++){
String msg = "发送消息"+i+" "+System.currentTimeMillis();
TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage(msg);
System.out.println("发送消息:"+msg);
messageProducer.send(message);
}
session.commit();
} catch (JMSException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
if(connection!=null){
try {
connection.close();
} catch (JMSException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
消费者:
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnection;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.*;
/**
* 动脑学院-Mark老师
* 创建日期:2017/10/17
* 创建时间: 18:01
*/
public class JmsConsumer {
private static final String USERNAME = ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_USER;//默认连接用户名
private static final String PASSWORD = ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_PASSWORD;//默认连接密码
private static final String BROKEURL = ActiveMQConnection.DEFAULT_BROKER_URL;//默认连接地址
public static void main(String[] args) {
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;//连接工厂
Connection connection = null;//连接
Session session;//会话 接受或者发送消息的线程
Destination destination;//消息的目的地
MessageConsumer messageConsumer;//消息的消费者
//实例化连接工厂
connectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(JmsConsumer.USERNAME,
JmsConsumer.PASSWORD, JmsConsumer.BROKEURL);
try {
//通过连接工厂获取连接
connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
//启动连接
connection.start();
//创建session
session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
//创建一个连接HelloWorld的消息队列
destination = session.createQueue("HelloWAM");
//创建消息消费者
messageConsumer = session.createConsumer(destination);
//读取消息
while(true){
TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage)messageConsumer.receive(10000);
if(textMessage != null){
System.out.println("Accept msg : "+textMessage.getText());
}else{
break;
}
}
} catch (JMSException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
c. 与Spring的集成
增加pom依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
<version>4.3.11.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
代码:
1.添加命名空间
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core"
xmlns:jms="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms
http://www.springframework.org/schema/jms/spring-jms-4.0.xsd
http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core
http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core/activemq-core-5.8.0.xsd">
2.生产者配置
<!-- ActiveMQ 连接工厂 -->
<amq:connectionFactory id="amqConnectionFactory"
brokerURL="tcp://127.0.0.1:61616" userName="admin" password="admin" />
<!-- Spring Caching连接工厂 -->
<!-- Spring用于管理真正的ConnectionFactory的ConnectionFactory -->
<bean id="connectionFactory"
class="org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory">
<property name="targetConnectionFactory" ref="amqConnectionFactory"></property>
<property name="sessionCacheSize" value="100"></property>
</bean>
<!-- Spring JmsTemplate 的消息生产者 start-->
<!-- 定义JmsTemplate的Queue类型 -->
<bean id="jmsQueueTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
<constructor-arg ref="connectionFactory"></constructor-arg>
<!-- false: 队列模式 true : 发布订阅模式 -->
<property name="pubSubDomain" value="false"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义JmsTemplate的Topic类型 -->
<bean id="jmsTopicTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
<constructor-arg ref="connectionFactory"></constructor-arg>
<!-- 发布订阅模式-->
<property name="pubSubDomain" value="true"></property>
</bean>
<!--Spring JmsTemplate 的消息生产者 end-->
<!--接收消费者应答的监听器-->
<jms:listener-container destination-type="queue" container-type="default"
connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
<jms:listener destination="tempqueue" ref="getResponse"></jms:listener>
</jms:listener-container>
3.生产者代码(点对点)
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.jms.*;
import java.awt.peer.SystemTrayPeer;
/**
*
* @author Mark
* @description 队列消息生产者,发送消息到队列
*
*/
@Component("queueSender")
public class QueueSender {
@Autowired
@Qualifier("jmsQueueTemplate")
private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;
@Autowired
private GetResponse getResponse;
public void send(String queueName,final String message){
jmsTemplate.send(queueName, new MessageCreator() {
public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
Message msg = session.createTextMessage(message);
//配置消费者应答相关内容
Destination tempDest = session.createTemporaryQueue();
MessageConsumer responseConsumer = session.createConsumer(tempDest);
responseConsumer.setMessageListener(getResponse);
msg.setJMSReplyTo(tempDest);
//消费者应答的id,发送出的消息和应答消息进行匹配
String uid = System.currentTimeMillis()+"";
msg.setJMSCorrelationID(uid);
return msg;
}
});
}
}
4.消费者配置
<!-- ActiveMQ 连接工厂 -->
<amq:connectionFactory id="amqConnectionFactory"
brokerURL="tcp://127.0.0.1:61616" userName="admin" password="admin" />
<!-- Spring Caching连接工厂 -->
<bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory">
<property name="targetConnectionFactory" ref="amqConnectionFactory"></property>
<property name="sessionCacheSize" value="100" />
</bean>
<!-- 消息消费者 start-->
<!-- 定义Queue监听器 -->
<jms:listener-container destination-type="queue" container-type="default"
connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
<jms:listener destination="test.queue" ref="queueReceiver1"></jms:listener>
<jms:listener destination="test.queue" ref="queueReceiver2"></jms:listener>
</jms:listener-container>
<!-- 定义Topic监听器 -->
<jms:listener-container destination-type="topic" container-type="default"
connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto">
<jms:listener destination="test.topic" ref="topicReceiver1"></jms:listener>
<jms:listener destination="test.topic" ref="topicReceiver2"></jms:listener>
</jms:listener-container>
<!-- 消息消费者 end -->
<bean id="jmsQueueTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
<constructor-arg ref="connectionFactory"></constructor-arg>
<!-- 队列模式-->
<property name="pubSubDomain" value="false"></property>
</bean>
5.消费者代码(点对点)
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import javax.xml.soap.Text;
/**
*
* @author Mark
* @description 队列消息监听器
*
*/
@Component
public class QueueReceiver1 implements MessageListener {
@Autowired
private ReplyTo replyTo;
public void onMessage(Message message) {
try {
String textMsg = ((TextMessage)message).getText();
System.out.println("QueueReceiver1 accept msg : "+textMsg);
//do my 业务工作
replyTo.send(textMsg,message);
} catch (JMSException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}