GObject接口定义的先决条件和属性

1、GObject接口定义的先决条件

如果要指定接口在实现时需要其他接口的存在，GObject引入了先决条件的概念：可以将一系列先决条件类型与接口相关联。 例如，如果对象A希望实现接口I1，并且如果接口I1有一个先决条件是需要存在接口I2，则A必须实现I1和I2。

上述机制在实践中非常类似于Java接口I1扩展接口I2：

/* Make the ViewerEditableLossy interface require ViewerEditable interface. */
G_DEFINE_INTERFACE (ViewerEditableLossy, viewer_editable_lossy, VIEWER_TYPE_EDITABLE);

在上面的G_DEFINE_INTERFACE调用中，第三个参数定义了前提条件类型。 这是接口或类的GType。 在这种情况下，ViewerEditable界面是ViewerEditableLossy的前提条件。 下面的代码显示了实现如何实现两个接口并注册其实现：

static void
viewer_file_editable_lossy_compress (ViewerEditableLossy *editable)
{
  ViewerFile *self = VIEWER_FILE (editable);

  g_print ("File implementation of lossy editable interface compress method: %s.\n",
           self->filename);
}

static void
viewer_file_editable_lossy_interface_init (ViewerEditableLossyInterface *iface)
{
  iface->compress = viewer_file_editable_lossy_compress;
}

static void
viewer_file_editable_save (ViewerEditable  *editable,
                           GError         **error)
{
  ViewerFile *self = VIEWER_FILE (editable);

  g_print ("File implementation of editable interface save method: %s.\n",
           self->filename);
}

static void
viewer_file_editable_undo (ViewerEditable *editable,
                           guint           n_steps)
{
  ViewerFile *self = VIEWER_FILE (editable);

  g_print ("File implementation of editable interface undo method: %s.\n",
           self->filename);
}

static void
viewer_file_editable_redo (ViewerEditable *editable,
                           guint           n_steps)
{
  ViewerFile *self = VIEWER_FILE (editable);

  g_print ("File implementation of editable interface redo method: %s.\n",
           self->filename);
}

static void
viewer_file_editable_interface_init (ViewerEditableInterface *iface)
{
  iface->save = viewer_file_editable_save;
  iface->undo = viewer_file_editable_undo;
  iface->redo = viewer_file_editable_redo;
}

static void
viewer_file_class_init (ViewerFileClass *klass)
{
  /* Nothing here. */
}

static void
viewer_file_init (ViewerFile *self)
{
  /* Instance variable initialisation code. */
}

G_DEFINE_TYPE_WITH_CODE (ViewerFile, viewer_file, G_TYPE_OBJECT,
                         G_IMPLEMENT_INTERFACE (VIEWER_TYPE_EDITABLE,
                                                viewer_file_editable_interface_init)
                         G_IMPLEMENT_INTERFACE (VIEWER_TYPE_EDITABLE_LOSSY,
                                                viewer_file_editable_lossy_interface_init))

非常重要的是注意到，将接口实现添加到主对象的顺序不是随机的：调用G_IMPLEMENT_INTERFACE的g_type_add_interface_static必须先调用一个没有其他接口作为先决条件的接口。