Given a string s, find the longest palindromic substring in s. You may assume that the maximum length of s is 1000.
Example 1:
Input: "babad"
Output: "bab"
Note: "aba" is also a valid answer.
Example 2:
Input: "cbbd"
Output: "bb"
Solution1
DP思想
状态转移方程:
dp[i][j] = dp[i+1][j-1] == 1 && s[i] == s[j] ? 1 : 0
但是要注意的是,如果按照i
和j
从小到大的顺序来枚举子串的两个端点,然后更新dp
的话,会无法保证dp[i+1][j-1]
已经被计算过,从而无法得到正确的dp
一个解决办法时对子串的长度进行枚举
char* longestPalindrome(char* s) {
int len = strlen(s);
if (len == 0) return "";
int i, j, L, start = 0, end = 0;
char dp[len][len];
memset(dp, 0, sizeof(dp));
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
dp[i][i] = 1;
if (i < len - 1) {
if (s[i] == s[i+1]) {
dp[i][i+1] = 1;
start = i;
end = i + 1;
}
}
}
// 对子串长度进行递增循环
for (L = 3; L <= len; L++) {
for (i = 0; i + L - 1 < len; i++) {
j = i + L - 1;
if (s[i] == s[j] && dp[i+1][j-1] == 1) {
dp[i][j] = 1;
start = i;
end = j;
}
}
}
char* ans = calloc(end - start + 2, sizeof(char));
for (i = start; i <= end; i++) {
ans[i - start] = s[i];
}
return ans;
}
Solution2
扫描
这是一个比较巧的方法,先找到可能的回文串的中间,然后从中间向两头进行扩散,复杂度为线性,而且空间复杂度为常数!
char* longestPalindrome(char* s) {
int len = strlen(s);
if (len < 2) return s;
int start = 0, end = 0;
int max = 0;
int i = 0;
while (i < len) {
int l = i;
int r = i;
while (r < len - 1 && s[r] == s[r + 1]) {
r++;
}
i = r + 1;
while (l > 0 && r < len - 1 && s[l - 1] == s[r + 1]) {
r++;
l--;
}
if (r - l + 1 > max) {
max = r - l + 1;
start = l;
end = r;
}
}
char* ans = calloc(end - start + 2, sizeof(char));
for (i = start; i <= end; i++) {
ans[i - start] = s[i];
}
return ans;
}