分布式消息队列kafka系列介绍 — 核心API介绍及实例

转自：http://www.inter12.org/archives/834

一 PRODUCER的API

1.Producer的创建，依赖于ProducerConfig
public Producer(ProducerConfig config);

2.单个或是批量的消息发送
public void send(KeyedMessage<K,V> message);
public void send(List<KeyedMessage<K,V>> messages);

3.关闭Producer到所有broker的连接
public void close();

二 CONSUMER的高层API

主要是Consumer和ConsumerConnector，这里的Consumer是ConsumerConnector的静态工厂类
class Consumer {
public static kafka.javaapi.consumer.ConsumerConnector createJavaConsumerConnector(config: ConsumerConfig);
}

具体的消息的消费都是在ConsumerConnector中
创建一个消息处理的流，包含所有的topic，并根据指定的Decoder
public <K,V> Map<String, List<KafkaStream<K,V>>>
createMessageStreams(Map<String, Integer> topicCountMap, Decoder<K> keyDecoder, Decoder<V> valueDecoder);

创建一个消息处理的流，包含所有的topic，使用默认的Decoder
public Map<String, List<KafkaStream<byte[], byte[]>>> createMessageStreams(Map<String, Integer> topicCountMap);

获取指定消息的topic,并根据指定的Decoder
public <K,V> List<KafkaStream<K,V>>
createMessageStreamsByFilter(TopicFilter topicFilter, int numStreams, Decoder<K> keyDecoder, Decoder<V> valueDecoder);

获取指定消息的topic,使用默认的Decoder
public List<KafkaStream<byte[], byte[]>> createMessageStreamsByFilter(TopicFilter topicFilter);

提交偏移量到这个消费者连接的topic
public void commitOffsets();

关闭消费者
public void shutdown();

高层的API中比较常用的就是public List<KafkaStream<byte[], byte[]>> createMessageStreamsByFilter(TopicFilter topicFilter);和public void commitOffsets();

三 CONSUMER的简单API–SIMPLECONSUMER

批量获取消息
public FetchResponse fetch(request: kafka.javaapi.FetchRequest);

获取topic的元信息
public kafka.javaapi.TopicMetadataResponse send(request: kafka.javaapi.TopicMetadataRequest);

获取目前可用的偏移量
public kafka.javaapi.OffsetResponse getOffsetsBefore(request: OffsetRequest);

关闭连接
public void close();

对于大部分应用来说，高层API就已经足够使用了，但是若是想做更进一步的控制的话，可以使用简单的API，例如消费者重启的情况下，希望得到最新的offset，就该使用SimpleConsumer.

四 KAFKA HADOOP CONSUMER API

提供了一个可水平伸缩的解决方案来结合hadoop的使用参见

https://github.com/linkedin/camus/tree/camus-kafka-0.8/

五 实战

maven依赖：

<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
<artifactId>kafka_2.10</artifactId>
<version>0.8.0</version>
</dependency>

生产者代码：

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import kafka.javaapi.producer.Producer; import kafka.producer.KeyedMessage; import kafka.producer.ProducerConfig;   import java.util.Properties;   /**   * <pre>   * Created by zhaoming on 14-5-4 下午3:23   * </pre>   */ public class KafkaProductor {   public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {   Properties properties = new Properties();   properties.put( "zk.connect" , "127.0.0.1:2181" );   properties.put( "metadata.broker.list" , "localhost:9092" );   properties.put( "serializer.class" , "kafka.serializer.StringEncoder" );   ProducerConfig producerConfig = new ProducerConfig(properties);   Producer<String, String> producer = new Producer<String, String>(producerConfig);   // 构建消息体   KeyedMessage<String, String> keyedMessage = new KeyedMessage<String, String>( "test-topic" , "test-message" );   producer.send(keyedMessage);   Thread.sleep( 1000 );   producer.close();   }   }

消费端代码

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import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import java.util.List; import java.util.Properties; import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;   import kafka.consumer.*; import kafka.javaapi.consumer.ConsumerConnector; import kafka.message.MessageAndMetadata;   import org.apache.commons.collections.CollectionUtils;   /**   * <pre>   * Created by zhaoming on 14-5-4 下午3:32   * </pre>   */ public class kafkaConsumer {   public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, UnsupportedEncodingException {   Properties properties = new Properties();   properties.put( "zookeeper.connect" , "127.0.0.1:2181" );   properties.put( "auto.commit.enable" , "true" );   properties.put( "auto.commit.interval.ms" , "60000" );   properties.put( "group.id" , "test-group" );   ConsumerConfig consumerConfig = new ConsumerConfig(properties);   ConsumerConnector javaConsumerConnector = Consumer.createJavaConsumerConnector(consumerConfig);     //topic的过滤器   Whitelist whitelist = new Whitelist( "test-topic" );   List<KafkaStream< byte [], byte []>> partitions = javaConsumerConnector.createMessageStreamsByFilter(whitelist);   if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(partitions)) {   System.out.println( "empty!" );   TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep( 1 );   }   //消费消息   for (KafkaStream< byte [], byte []> partition : partitions) {   ConsumerIterator< byte [], byte []> iterator = partition.iterator();   while (iterator.hasNext()) {   MessageAndMetadata< byte [], byte []> next = iterator.next();   System.out.println( "partiton:" + next.partition());   System.out.println( "offset:" + next.offset());   System.out.println( "message:" + new String(next.message(), "utf-8" ));   }   }   } }