How do I configure my Spring Boot application so that when I run unit tests it will use in-memory database such as H2/HSQL but when I run Spring Boot application it will use production database [Postgre/MySQL] ?
方法1:
Spring profiles can be used for this. This would be a specific way:
Have environment specific properties files:
application.properties:
spring.profiles.active: dev
application-dev.properties
spring.jpa.database: MYSQL
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto: update
spring.datasource.url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/dbname
spring.datasource.username: username
spring.datasource.password: password
application-test.properties
spring.jpa.database: HSQL
Have both MySQL and H2 drivers in pom.xml
, like this:
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
<artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
Last but not the least, annotate Test classes with @ActiveProfiles("test")
方法2:
Another approach is to add the annotation @AutoConfigureTestDatabase
to you test class. My tests usually look like this:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(connection = EmbeddedDatabaseConnection.H2)
public class MyRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
MyRepository repository;
@Test
public void test() throws Exception {
// Tests...
}
}
方法3:
Simple solution if building with maven
: just place an application.properties
file under src/test/resources
and edit as appropriate for testing.
The Spring (Boot) Profile mechanism is a pretty powerful tool that, in scope, goes way beyond "swapping settings between test time and run time". Although, clearly, as demonstrated, it can do that also :)